Pamela Travers: engobomi, imbali, ubomi, ubuchule kunye neencwadi

Pamela Travers - British umbhali imvelaphi Australian. uloyiso oyinhloko lokudala uthotho iincwadi zabantwana ngoMariya Poppins. Pamela Travers, ogama engobomi inikwa kweli nqaku, wayephila ubomi obungaqhelekanga, abazizityebi umdla, ulungelelene ihlabathi iincwadi zakhe.

ebuntwaneni

Igama yokwenene umbhali - uHelen Goff. Yena wazalwa ngo-Agasti 9, kude 1899. Kwathi kwidolophu Australia Maryborough. Intsapho yakokwabo ayezizityebi. Uyise, ogama Travers Goff, owayesebenza njengomphathi bank. Umama, uMargaret Morehead, nomtshana kunye nomyeni wakhe, iNkulumbuso eQueensland. Pamela sasivela Irish uyise.

Ngowe-1905, umsebenzi Travers iye ukuba lonke usapho ukuze sifudukele kwidolophu ekufutshane Allora, apho kwabe .o kumqeshwa ebhankini. Zonke nandzu zikroboka bakhonza wakeless intloko yosapho. Kwiminyaka emibini emva koko, i-Travers zihlaba wafa. Xa amaxwebhu asemthethweni unobangela wokufa wayengekho ndandivutha unesathuthwane, kodwa kamva, intombi yakhe, sele nombhali odumileyo, uyavuma ukuba uyise wabulawa butywala.

Emva komngcwabo, intsapho yakowabo yafudukela New South Wales, apho wayehlala khona ngumakhulu wam, uPamela uHelen. Waye kumasimi iswekile. Goff waphila khona iminyaka elishumi.

Esengumntwana, uHelen ekhethwayo izilwanyana iqela abantu. Yena waba ngqondweni ephuhliswe kakhulu kunye nomfanekiso- ngqondweni. Uthi ufunde lukhulu iincwadi bakholwa iintsomi.

ulutsha

Xa leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, uPamela Travers waqalisa ukufunda esikolweni Eshvildskoy for girls. Kwaba apho ibonakala ngokucacileyo ukuya kwiminyaka elivisayo umbhali yakhe italente. Kwalunga ke imidlalo yeqonga yesikolo, ukubhala amabali kunye nemibongo, nabazalwana noodade bakhe nixhamle iintsomi kwabavela lulusiba uPamela.

Its ekuseni kakhulu ukuqala ushicilelo kwiimagazini Australian. Noko ke, iincwadi zokubhala ayibangelwanga kufezwe intombazana eselula. Wafunda umculo yaye bamele ukuba ngumdlali weqonga.

Ngowe-1917, ngenxa umnqweno wakhe uHelen Goff ndafudukela eSydney. Nantso loo apho iba P. L. Trevers. I-inishiyali ngelo xesha isetyenziswa abafazi abanqwenela ukuthatha inxaxheba kubomi benkcubeko bezobugcisa.

Iminyaka emininzi iye yenziwa ngempumelelo kwindawo yokubonela, idlala indima enkulu. Noko ke, le misebenzi akazange ukuzisa ingeniso ebonakalayo, nokuba kanye apho, uPamela kwafuneka ukufumana intatheli. Kangangexesha elide wakhokela ikholam kwiphephandaba. indlela yokuloba nabo bazisa imali encinane. Ngelo xesha, imibongo ayo ngokuya ethandwa. Izihloko zemisebenzi kwakunzima ezahlukahlukeneyo. Abanye wayecula ekhaya kayise - Ireland, abanye inkanuko endalweni.

Ekugqibeleni umsebenzi zoncwadi akhula, uPamela wagqiba ukunikela ubomi bakhe uncwadi.

Ukufudukela England

Ingongoma esitsha bayahlelwa umbhali yaqala ngo-1924. Loko wafudukela eNgilani. uhambo lakhe umdla kakhulu, kwaye kubonakala kwezinye abangabasemisebenzini uPamela. Ngokutsho memoirs Travers, kwaba ezilishumi kuphela neekhilogram, xa bahamba endleleni, yaye ezihlanu kuzo ziye zachithwa ethile ububhanxa.

Ixesha lokuqala wabhala amanqaku kangako abavakalisi Australian eLondon nokuthumela amanqaku ngakumbi lokuzoba kwilizwe lawo.

Ngowe-1925, xa uhambo ukuya Ireland Pamela Travers wadibana imbongi George. W. Russell, owaba akafundisi nje umhlobo, kodwa ngeendlela ezithile le ideologist yobomi. incoko yabo kwaqhubeka de 1935, ukuya ukufa uRussell. Waye umhleli we phephancwadi, ngoko uPamela ngokufuthi eprintiweyo. Ukongeza, ngenxa lo mbhali mntu wadibana iimbongi ezininzi Irish zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, nto leyo yaba nempembelelo enkulu kuye.

Phakathi kwazo indawo ekhethekileyo ilawulwa Uilyam Yeyts, owafaka kuyo umdla kuphela ubugqi, kodwa ukholo kuye. Ukususela mzuzu badibana, yaye de imihla yakhe yokugqibela, uPamela Travers waziva ngayo kwicala yokufumanisa Isiphelo sakhe.

Triumph Pamela

Ngowe-1934, umbhali wagula kunye unepleurisy waza wagqiba ukuba ukusuka eLondon ukuzuza amandla kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni esemsebenzini. Yena kuhlala kwindlu endala Sussex kwaye ngexesha wala umsebenzi zoncwadi.

Itshomi yakhe Russell wacebisa ukuba Pamela ababenzayo inoveli enkulu malunga igqwirha (ngenxa ezithandwa yayo ubugqi), kodwa kwakungenjalo. Akazange ukubhala, nje ukufunda okuninzi kodwa ekunyamekeleni egadini. Kodwa xa wabuzwa ukuba ukujonga emva kokuba abantwana ababini, kunye Travers wavuma. Ubunokwazi ukonwabisa abantwana, enyuka ibali emangalisayo malunga nanny engaqhelekanga ngubani oza abantwana isambuleli.

Oku yindlela odumileyo uMariya Poppins wazalwa, kwathi gqi endlwini №17 kwi Cherry Street, kusapho Ibhanki namanye amaqhawe. Ukususela amabali lokulala kunesiqhelo ukuphuhlisa ibali libe incwadi, kodwa akukho mntu wayekwazi kuphela uPamela Lindon Trevers. "UMariya Poppins" yapapashwa efanayo 1934. Yaba yimpumelelo, yinto eningenakukholwa yiyo, kuwakrobela wokwenene.

Kunyaka olandelayo kwafika ukuqhubeka ibali unesi. Umbhali Total uye wadala imisebenzi 18 umlingo Lady Mary, nabokugqibela yoku yapapashwa ngo-1989.

iincwadi Pamela Travers ziye ezifotwe Hollywood ngo-1964. Disney wenza umboniso, ekugqibeleni 13 amaxesha abatyunjwe for "Oscar" (amabhaso 5 iphumelele). ERashiya ngowe-1983 kwafika movie "UMariya Poppins, Sala kakuhle!", Indima ephambili apho wayenza Natalia Andreichenko.

impilo Personal

Relations kubomi umbhali eninzi kunene, kodwa watshata akazange aphume. Wada zibangelwa imicimbi uthando namabhinqa.

Kangangexesha elide, uPamela Lindon Trevers, ababethanda incwadi bonke abantwana IsiNgesi uphuphe umntwana, kodwa kwakufuneka kuzala ayizange yenzeke. Ngoko ke, kamsinya nje kwakuzaliseka iminyaka emashumi mane ubudala, wagqiba kwelokuba amkele usana. Bafumana inkwenkwe evela eDublin (Ireland). Ukhetho wayengekho ngengozi. Little John Kemmilus Ngunyana kaYosefu Ghosn, owathi yena, wayengumhlobo William Yates yaye umbhali wayo. UYosefu nomfazi wakhe kwanyanzeleka ukuba abazukulwana ezinye ezisixhenxe, banqophisana naye ukumnika nokwamkelwa omnye wabo, ukuba ngandlel 'ukwenza ubomi lula. Kemmilus waye enomnakwabo ngamawele, kodwa, nangona oku, uPamela wayefuna ukuba yena yedwa.

Emva kokuba ukubhaliswa onke amaxwebhu, uYohane baqalisa ukuthwala igama Kemmilus Travers Ghosn. Pamela ukufihla inyaniso unyana wakhe, kodwa sekunjalo wahamba phandle, xa wadibana e London bar newele lakhe Anthony. Abantu abatsha yaba iminyaka elinesixhenxe.

Kemmilus wafa ngo-2011.

anika umdla

1. P. L. Trevers wafa ngowe-1996, akazange aphile kwiinyanga ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba lwakhe lokuzalwa 97.
2. Umbhali ligosa Order of the Empire British.