Amacandelo zefilosofi kunye neempawu zazo

Philosophy - eyagcina ufunda imithetho kunye nemigaqo koqobo esisiseko. Ijoliswe ulwazi kwimiba ephambili yobomi, kucacisa uhlobo lobudlelane womntu kunye nehlabathi. Eli bulumko siyifumana impendulo yalo mbuzo: kutheni? Nangona isibakala sokuba eli isayensi sele ukufunda imibuzo yeengcingane, ixabiso layo nalo kubalulekile, kuba iimpendulo baye bafunyaniswa ukuqonda ngcono ubunyani esingqongileyo.

Eyona engundoqo amacandelo bulumko

Kukho amacandelo ezininzi bulumko (isixa kweeyunithi ezingaphezulu kwama-50), zahluke, kuqala kwiinto zonke, isifundo zokufunda. Ngenxa yoko, kwamathambo, intanda inika iimpendulo kwimibuzo ebuzwa umntu: indima yayo ehlabathini, imvelaphi, yesazisi kunye nabanye abaninzi. Isakhiwo benza ukufunda nemiba iinkonzo: nobunjani bukaThixo, iingcamango ngayo, uhlolisisa ubunjani kunye neenkolelo zabanye.

Ekuqaleni amacandelo bulumko zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela: jikelele bulumko, intanda ithetha ulwazi, ithiyori kwaye aluncedo.

Ngoko ke ume ngaphandle amacandelo esi isayensi:

• zokuziphatha;
• sobuhle;
• ifilosofi kwezentlalo, ezopolitiko kunye inkolo;
• ontology;
• logic;
• ezikhona;
• axiology.

Amacandelo bulumko, umntu ozinikezele nemisebenzi yakhe

Ukufundwa. Eli candelo enikelwe ekufundweni uhlobo undoqo womntu, isihlobo sakhe kuThixo, indalo, indima eluntwini, ubomi nokufa, kunye nezinye izenzakalo. Enye wabaseki kwicala German kwenkulungwane yama-20, maks Sheler ngokwakhe waphawula kwiincwadi zakhe ukuba umntu azi ayinakwenzeka; ngokuba ibanzi. Noko ke, isifundo zeentanda-bulumko omntu a kwenziwa kuze, ukuba aqhubeke efuna ukuqonda siseko emibini esisiseko eyile: umlawuli angxamele umphefumlo nomoya.

ifilosofi Social. Apha, isihloko isifundo okhonza yoluntu, kwaye ngokunxulumene mntu kuyo. Unqontsonqa sifundo-bulumko kuzisa yokuhlalisana yeengcingane, kodwa umahluko yabo kukuba filosofi umsebenzi kakhulu, kwaye imisela imithetho yokuhlalisana.

ifilosofi Political. Eli candelo unikezelwa ekufundeni izimvo zopolitiko, imilinganiselo nangomoya yale meko. Kwakhona zokuhlola ngalo ukuba bavavanywe zihlalutywe ubudlelwane phakathi karhulumente, uluntu kunye ngamnye.

filosofi yenkolo. Oku kubaluleke ukuhlola ukuzalana ePhakamileyo kunye ekuqaleni izinto. Eli candelo, ngokuchaseneyo kwemfundiso, iye ukugwetyelwa isigqibo.

IiForam ifilosofi yokuba

Ezikhona. Le yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo bulumko, ngoba lijongene kakhulu kwimiba ephathelele ekubeni. Apha sifunda uhlobo yokuqala yehlabathi kunye leyinene. Nkqu kumaxesha amandulo, xa bulumko isanda, ezikhona unikwe ukubaluleka ephambili. Ngokusekelwe kule, kukho amasebe amathathu kuwo; wamandulo, bamandulo mihla.

Ontology. Eli candelo kwi Ekuqaleni akukho kwahluka ezikhona, kodwa kukho umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezinto ezimbini: kwi ontology of ingcamango bulumko enikelwe kwi siseko zokuba kunye neendidi yezinto.

Amacandelo bulumko, elingcwele yokucinga nendlela abayibona

Axiology. Kweli candelo, sasi- isifundo lwamaxabiso kunye nophuhliso beengcamango ngazo. Kuba okokuqala ukuthetha ngayo, uSocrates, ogama Reflections zijolise ekuqondeni umbuzo: yintoni na inzuzo?

Ethics. Eyona ndaba nasekufundweni yokuziphatha - yokuziphatha kunye neendlela zokuziphatha. Apha, ucinga uhlobo la magama, iintlobo kunye neempawu, kwaye bafunde utshintsho zabo indima eluntwini. ingqalelo Kuninzi ihlawulwe isifundo iikhrayitheriya okulungileyo nokubi, intsingiselo yobomi, ubulungisa efanelekileyo.

Sobuhle. Eli candelo enikelwe ekufundiseni undoqo ubuhle kunye iintlobo yalo yokuphila, uhlobo indalo ngobuciko. Ngengqiqo ngokubanzi nobuhle kwisifundo - ubugcisa kunye nefomu yayo novakalelo.

Logic. Le isayensi yokucinga kwabantu, iindlela zayo, imithetho kunye neendlela. Icandelo Into - ingqondo umsebenzi kwengqondo, nto leyo iipatheni wafunda olu qeqesho.

Amacandelo bulumko ayiphelelanga kungentla, abo thaca apha zezona ngokubanzi.