Schelling ngamafuphi

bulumko Schelling kaThixo, awathi ngexesha elifanayo ugxeke ingcamango ezihlangwini zakhe, Fichte, i inkqubo epheleleyo eliquka ezintathu - ithiyori, ezenziwayo bafunde yezenkolo kunye ubugcisa. Eyokuqala nzulu ngezinto lihlola ingxaki ukuzisa indlela into kwi sifundo. Kule yesibini - ubudlelwane phakathi inkululeko kunye nemfuneko, umsebenzi abazi kunye zingqondweni. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, nangowesithathu - ubona ezobugcisa isixhobo kunye nokuzaliswa nayiphi na inkqubo bulumko. Ngoko ke, sicinga apha iingongoma eziphambili imfundiso yakhe kunye namaxesha kuphuhliso kunye ekutshintsheni iingongoma eziphambili. Kwintanda-bulumko Fichte kunye Schelling kwakubaluleke kakhulu ukuba usonge Romanticism, umoya wesizwe waseJamani, yaye kamva wadlala indima enkulu kwi okuvela kuyo ebomini.

ekuqaleni wendlela

ummeli elizayo okhanyayo ingcamango lakudala iJamani wazalwa ngo-1774 kwi umfundisi-ntsapho. Waphumelela kwiYunivesithi Jena. The French Revolution uyavuya kakhulu sobulumko elizayo, kuba wabona kuso intshukumo ye inkqubela yezentlalo kunye enkululekweni yabantu. Kakade ke, umdla kwezopolitiko owayephila asinguye nto iphambili ebomini, nto leyo eyakhokelela Schelling. Ifilosofi nozakuba, kunokutshiseka. nomdla kwakhe kwi ukungaphikisani kwithiyori ulwazi lenzululwazi wanamhla, eyile umahluko neengcamango kant abethelela ukujongwa, kunye Newton, leyo wabona isifundo zesayensi enkulu igama lento. Schelling uqalisa ukukhangela umanyano ehlabathini. Lo mkhuba esisebenzisayo nge bonke bephela ziinkqubo bulumko.

kwixesha lokuqala

Development and Schelling inkqubo yokusonga angohlulwa ngezigaba eziliqela. Eyokuqala into enikelwe bulumko zendalo. Outlook ukuba alawule eli njengomntwana onengqondo German kweli xesha, wathi kwincwadi yakhe ethi 'The iingcinga bulumko ngayo indalo. " Apho, yena wachaza ukufunyanwa kwembali wesimanje zendalo. Kulo msebenzi wagxeka Fichte. Indalo hayi ngenxa yokuba baqonda into efana "Mna" a eziphathekayo. Kuyinto kumhlali ozimeleyo, hayi self-abazi, kwaye ngokwezikhokelo umgaqo teleology. Oko kukuthi, athwala ngaphakathi kwayo intsholongwane ka "Mna", leyo "ekhula" kulo, ngathi indlebe zengqolowa. Ngeli xesha, intanda Schelling baba ziquka ezithile imigaqo dialectical. Phakathi izichasi ( "polars") uye kumkhamo othile, yaye umahluko phakathi kwazo nga mpuluswa. Njengoko umzekelo Schelling ezicatshulweyo iintlobo zezityalo nezilwanyana leyo kufuneka ibhekiswe efanayo kwelinye iqela. movement zonke iphuma eziphikisanayo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye, akukho uphuhliso Soul yehlabathi.

Ifilosofi yimibono ngokudlul

Uphononongo bendalo Schelling kwabeka nkqu iingcamango olukhulu ngakumbi. Wabhala umsebenzi ebizwa ngokuba "yimibono System ngokudlul", nto leyo ubuyela uhlaziye ingcamango uhlobo Fichte ne "I". Yeyiphi kwezi nesenzeko kufuneka kuqwalaselwe primary? Ukuba Ndiyaqhubekeka bulumko endalo, kubonakala ngoko indalo ngokwayo. Ukuba siqalise kwindawo luluvo, lo ngowona mba kufuneka luthathwe "I". Apha Schelling kakhulu ezithile. Ngapha koko, enyanisweni, oko kukuthi indalo? Thina ngoko ukubiza indalo yethu. Oko kukuthi, "Mna" kwenza ngokwalo, iimvakalelo, izimvo, ukucinga. Ihlabathi liphela, sihlukane ngokwakhe. "Mna" imisebenzi yobuciko nesayensi. Ngoko ke, ukucinga na enasilela. Oku - imveliso engqiqo, kodwa kwindalo, sinako singaziboni omabini obengo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kufuneka - it. Lenza ukuphuhlisa kunye nokuqonda kunye nendalo. Umsebenzi iphezulu "Mna" le siseko intuition ophezulu wokuqonda.

Ukoyisa lo ayiphikisani isifundo kunye nenjongosenzi

Ke zonke ezi zithuba ngentla akangeniswanga iyahlutha kunye njengomntwana onengqondo, yaye waqhubeka ukuphuhlisa izimvo zakhe. Inqanaba elilandelayo umsebenzi wakhe yenzululwazi luphawulwa umsebenzi "Le ntetho kwenkqubo yam-bulumko." Kuye kuthiwe paralellizm ezikhoyo kwithiyori ulwazi (i "isifundo-object"), nguye lowo umelana Schelling. ifilosofi art kwabonakala ngumzekelo omhle. Ingcamango ekhoyo ulwazi zange kumkhawulela. Ngokwemeko ekuyiyo ngokwenyani? Injongo yobuciko akukho mgaqweni, kodwa iinkcukacha zesifundo kunye nenjongosenzi. Ngoko ke kufuneka sibe bulumko. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, kwakhiwa ingcamango yayo ubunye.

ifilosofi Schelling ungubani

Yintoni imingeni ngokweengcinga zale mihla? Ngaloo kakhulu sisebenzisana i bulumko into. In nokulungelelanisa inkqubo yalo, njengoko kubonisiwe Aristotle, "A = A". Kodwa ifilosofi zesifundo zahluke kakhulu. Kwaye akukho ngu B, kunye vice versa. konke kuxhomekeke koko amacandelo. Ukuze ukudibanisa zonke ezi nkqubo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ufumane inqaku apho yonke into efanayo. Ngoko ke, ukuqala i kwintanda-bulumko Schelling ubona Absolute Mind. Yeyona ungubani zomoya kunye nendalo. Iluphawu elithile ukungakhathali (kuyo yonke ezichaseneyo). Philosophy kufuneka ibe luhlobo "Organon" - ngesixhobo Absolute Mind. Le yokugqibela i nto ukuba amandla wajika into, ukuphuma kwaye ekudaleni, xa yonke kutyunyuzwa. Ngoko ke, uhlobo kusengqiqweni unomphefumlo, kwaye ngokubanzi, kuba ingqondo uvalo.

Kweli xesha lokugqibela lobomi bakhe Schelling waqalisa ukuhlola isenzeko yize epheleleyo. Ngoko, ngokwembono yakhe, wadalwa umanyano lomoya kunye nendalo. Le Schelling ifilosofi entsha zingaphawulwa ngokufutshane ezichazwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo. Nto kufuneka izinto ezimbini - uThixo enzonzobileni. Schelling ubiza taken ukusuka Eckhart elithi Ungrunt. Bezdna iye engqondweni ibubudenge, kwaye ikhokelela kwisenzo "ilahleko" yokuzahlula waqalisa ukuphumeza iphela. Ke ubuntu, ukuphuhlisa nokukhulula amandla ayo, ingqondo kudala. apogee yayo yokucinga yentanda nobugcisa. Yaye kunokumnceda umntu ukuba babuyele kuThixo.

Ifilosofi ngokwesityhilelo

Le yenye ingxaki ubeke Schelling. intanda-German, Noko ke, njengazo zonke inkqubo olongamileyo butshijolo eYurophu, ngumzekelo i "Outlook kakubi." Bekhokelwa kubo, inzululwazi iphanda izibakala, baza bafa. Kodwa kukho kwakhona iqela sengqondo esihle - kwintanda-bulumko isityhilelo bayakuqonda oko Mind abazi lutho. Xa ke sifike isiphelo, uya kuvuna inyaniso. Kuyinto ukuzoyikisela kaThixo. Yaye uthe wabuwola njani intanda-Absolute? UThixo, ngokutsho Schelling, akupheli, kwaye ngexesha elinye, ukuze lufudumale umda, njengoko kwifomu yabantu. waye ke uKristu. Ukuba bafike iimbono ezinjalo ekupheleni kobomi, njengomntwana onengqondo, waqalisa ukuba bagxeke iingcamango iBhayibhile, nto leyo ke ekwabelwana ebutsheni bakhe.

Schelling ngamafuphi

Ukuba ngamaxesha wawuthi kuphuhliso kwiingcamango sobulumko waseJamani, sinako zoba kwizigqibo ezilandelayo. Schelling kuthathwa ndlela iphambili ulwazi ngento sizathu ngenene ngoyaba. Wagxeka iingcinga ezisekelwe empiricism. ifilosofi Classical German Schelling wayekholelwa ukuba umphumo engundoqo yolwazi reseach ngumthetho. Esihambelanayo yokucinga theoretical component ubonakalisa imigaqo. ifilosofi Natural singaphezulu kwingqiqo enokwehla. Oko ikhona phambi kokuba benziwe naluphi iingcinga kuphela. Umgaqo zalo ezisisiseko Ubunye yokuba nomoya. Umba - ukuba omnye, ngenxa yesenzo Absolute Mind. Ngoko ke, indalo na imali eseleyo. ulwazi lwakhe - yinto yokuba ubukho behlabathi, kunye Schelling wabuza lo mbuzo kwayo kwaba lula ukuba siqonde indlela.