Ukumisela besini umntwana ngabazali ngokuzalwa

Phantse wonke umfazi zokulindela i ngumama ufuna ukwazi ukuba ngubani na: inkwenkwe okanye intombazana. Ngapha koko, ukuba ukujonga abaza kuzalwa, ukuba kuphela kufutshane embindini ukukhulelwa (ultrasound), kwaye ke akusoloko. Kweza babaninzi kwiintlobo ngeentlobo bengachani, computing abazali ubudala, ikhalenda Chinese okanye imiqondiso yesizwe, umzekelo, ekuchongeni besini kwefom nosana esiswini. Ukongeza, kukho iindlela ezininzi enaso kuphela ukufunda lwesini sana kwangaphambili, kodwa ukucwangcisa ukuzalwa inkwenkwe okanye intombazana. Yintoni na le ndlela, sifumanisa kweli nqaku.

Funda, kwaye maxa wambi nkqu ukucwangcisa besini wosana Ungasebenzisa indlela apho kwinkcazelo umntwana nge sex ngokuzalwa kwenzeka. Kunoko, ngokutsho xa abazali igazi ezihlaziyiweyo. Yintoni na le ndlela? Njengoko usazi, igazi lethu ngamaxesha kuhlaziywa. Le nkqubo kwenzeka qho emva kweminyaka embalwa. Xa abantu, inkqubo updates kwegazi zenzeka rhoqo emva kweminyaka 4. Xa umzimba nemazi igazi iyahlaziywa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3. Kuba oko kwenziwe inkqubo nokumisela ngesondo umntwana ukuhlaziya abazali igazi. Thatha ezimbalwa avareji ngentla, nto leyo eye ezimashumi mabini anantlanu-ezintandathu kunye nenkosikazi yakhe nendoda. Alabe libe eneminyaka emithathu kunye naye - ezine. Amanani wafumana 11.6 no-6.5. Ngokwesiseko eseleyo Kungaphikiswa ukuba uhlaziyo lokugqibela yaba ligazi kufutshane akhulelwe umntwana yomfazi, ngoko - babe intombazana. Kodwa le ndlela ayikho ogqibeleleyo, kuba igazi kuhlaziywa kwaye enziwe. Ngokomzekelo, xa umnikelo igazi, imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yotofelo ezinkulu ukopha, kunye nezinye zongenelelo lineages nako kwenzeka uhlaziyo. Ngoko ke, xa kubalwa imfuneko ukuze bakuthathele ingqalelo kulo mba.

Kwakhona, kukho iindlela ezimbini ezinokwenzeka ukujonga ngesondo umntwana liqela igazi. Omnye wabo - ithathela ingqalelo eli qela, kwaye eyesibini - RH. Ukuba unina noyise womntwana olungekazalwa yinto entle okanye embi RH igazi, ngoko intombazana. Ukuba RH ngumba koomama elizayo nootata ezahlukeneyo (omnye kubo HIV, kwaye kwezinye - a negative) - uya kufumana umntwana. Ukuba umama igazi yokuqala, kwaye upopu - isithuthi lokuqala - intombazana, owesibini - inkwenkwe, eyesithathu - intombazana, lwesine - umfana. Iqela lesibini yokubala igazi sikanina senziwe ngendlela efanayo, kodwa koko, oko kukuthi, ukuba umama iqela lesibini igazi, kunye noyise - yokuqala - inkwenkwe, kwaye eyesibini - intombazana, nowesithathu - nakwesesine inkwenkwe - intombazana. igazi koomama wesithathu kwakhona uqalisa ingxelo yayo kunye namantombazana. Ke ndikholose le ndlela, njengoko kumiselwa ngesondo umntwana ngegazi akanakuba ekhulwini ezilikhulu.

Eyona ndlela inokuthenjwa kukuqinisekisa besini umntwana ngegazi, nto leyo lithatyathwe umfazi okhulelweyo kwiveki wesixhenxe yokukhulelwa. inyaniso malunga 99%. Ibhinqa elikhulelweyo kuya kufuneka ukuba kudlula ngokulula uhlalutyo lolwangazelelo igazi emthanjeni. Undoqo yale ndlela isekelwe kwinto yokuba xa egazini yomfazi okhulelweyo kukho inani elincinane iiseli foetal, kwaye kukho iindidi ezimbini zofuzo kwiiseli zabantu. Kwakhona yaziwa kukuba lo mfazi wabeka kuphela X chromosome, yaye umntu - X kunye Y-chromosome. Ke ukuba umphumo zohlalutyo phakathi X zofuzo igazi obhinqileyo uya kufumana ubuncinane omnye Y-chromosome, wayeza kuba inkwenkwe.

Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukuba avelise inkcazelo ngesondo umntwana ngegazi, kukho Imigqaliselo nabanye abantu abaninzi, nto leyo bahlanganisana ngaphezu kweminyaka engamakhulu omnye. Umzekelo, kukho umqondiso ukuba amakhwenkwe abakhuthele kakhulu esiswini, okanye lide ixesha phakathi yokuzalwa umfazi sele udlule, kokukhona ukuba abantwana baza kuba ngokwesini. Bathi ukuba intombazana kuthatha ubuhle oomama, ngokuba abafazi ziintombi ukhulelwe, zisoloko zineengxaki ulusu ngohlobo amanqaku ukuzolula, amaqhakuva, irhashalala kunye ukudumba. Kukho kwakhona uphawu ukuba abasetyhini ezikhuthaza amantombazana amaninzi amnandi nomgubo. Kwaye ukuba isisu loo nkwenkwe, abakhulelweyo encothula zonke ezimuncu, anetyuwa kunye zinongiwe.

Kukho ezininzi iindlela ezahlukeneyo amayeza emveli kunye nabantu. Kodwa uyikholelwa okanye hayi - nto ixhomekeke kuwe. Into esemqoka ukuba umntwana siphilile.