We silinde sibone, okanye yintoni estate

Ngelo xesha xa ukumkani namandla, kwakukho uhlobo inkqubo zenkuthazo ukuba urhulumente obubalaseleyo, yabefundisi okanye emkhosini emazweni Russian. Ukunika gaba ezintsha ukuhlawula imivuzo emikhulu, anikwe imiyalelo kunye neembasa - konke oku mzamo xa kuthelekiswa ne ekufumaneni nempahla ukusetyenziswa lobuqu.

Estate - yintoni na ngendlela kwimbali?

Ukufumana ilifa seenkonzo bakhe iLizwe loobawo, yayigqalwa enye sezipho ezinkulu kukumkani. Omnye kuphela ukucinga: umntu, makanikwe iimbeko ezinjalo, waba umnini we umhlaba ubungakanani ubuncinane iimitha 100x100 nangaphezulu. Ngako oko, zonke izakhiwo, izixhobo, kunye nabantu abahlala apho ngelo xesha, laba impahla yomnini. Ethetha emva Eneneni, umlawuli eneneni "ekwabelwana" a yamasuntswana amandla akhe Ufanele, ngokwembono yakhe, umntu.

Noko ke, intlanganiso ngexesha elifanayo ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukusuka kumazwe zooyise - nobunini mhlaba zakhutshelwa ubomi kuphela abo bebengafanelekile ngayo. Le sayithi ayikwazanga ayinakuthengiswa, kuqeshisa okanye ilifa ngomnye mhlaba. Kodwa kamva, ngokungqinelana ummiselo primogeniture ukususela 1714, le ubuso isuswa, kwaye ingqikelelo nemihlaba kunye namazwe zadityaniswa enye inkcazelo kobunini bomhlaba, eyile ilifa. Ngoku, ilifa sibe "Kawonk-wonke", oko kukuthi zadluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.

ngezinto zezindlu zooyise

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, kunye ukwamkelwa lo ummiselo primogeniture abaqeshisi bakwazi ukuyila kuxhotyiswe amakhaya sookhokho babo, ekhangela ngokuqiniseka elizayo yaye esazi ukuba wonke umsebenzi wabo uya ukuya olandelayo na umnini-mhlaba, kodwa ngqo inzala yabo. Ngexesha XV-XIX kwiinkulungwane kumakhaya zooyise kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathini jikelele ziye zaba kakhulu indima ebalulekileyo. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, eSpeyin Latin America (.. Argentina, eBrazil, eChile, Uruguay, njl) yaba Ukrainian lunee ntlobo zazo amafa - haciendas kunye Loma, nto leyo ngokufuthi kangangoko amakhoboka eqhotyoshelweyo kuhlala phezu kwaba bantu ntsimi. Ithiyori baba nenkululeko epheleleyo kwaye zithathwa ukuba babe ngamakhoboka, kodwa enyanisweni, injongo kungenzeka ukuba abe khona, kwanyanzeleka ukuba basebenze ukuze kulungelwe abanini ngamafa.

Nangona kunjalo, yintoni ilifa, ukongeza "indlwane lweenkobe"? Kakade ke, ukuba ibhegi enkulu ezele imali, apho ungafumana ngokuthengisa ilifa kunye nokusetyenziswa kakhulu kunokuba komqeshisi amaninzi ngexesha likaxakeka, njengoko zonke ummiselo enye, ekuthengisweni umhlaba Welcome nokumkani uye wavunywa isonjululwe.

in Russia

ERashiya, Manor kaninzi baba "Amaqhawe" iseti yamabali, Amahlaya kunye imidlalo, kwangelo thuba kwabhalwa phantsi ukususela ekupheleni XVII kunye nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini - baya kuzibeka khona ilenze ezinkulu amathuba kwembaliso. Ngenxa yoko, ebhalwe 1903, lo mdlalo "I Cherry Orchard" ithatha indawo phantse ngokupheleleyo kwegama lomlinganiswa iyintloko yomsebenzi. Ilifa efanayo kakhulu kwaye luhlobo mxholo uphambili umdlalo.

Comedy Fonvizin "Oaf," eyindumasi "War Noxolo" Tolstoy, 'Yeha evela Wit "- comedy Griboyedov," Imiphefumlo Abafileyo "yi Gogol - ezi nje uluhlu encinane imisebenzi edumileyo, apho iziganeko zenzeka kwi-lifa (okanye macala kubo ) aku-.

emafeni Russian baba nantoni na ngaphezu amakhoboka otyewe kuzo. Estates eRashiya wadala kwaye igcinwe ngenjongo nokugcinwa usapho, ukuze anelise, kangangoko oku kunokwenzeka, zonke iimfuno ezivelayo mntu, nokuba umnqweno ukuthatha ukuhambahamba emahlathini okanye athathe ayithi nkxu echibini okanye kakuhle ukwenza ukulima, kwaye, mhlawumbi, ukufumana imfundo ekhaya . Kwakhona wabeka Russia badla ayaziswa kakhulu ngomoya wabo - usapho weza iqela idinala iibhola, abakhwenyana ukufika emizini zooyise ngenjongo woo, iindlela kunye nabahambi uyakulangazelela ukufumana uphahla yethutyana phezu kweentloko zabo kunye nezibonelelo.

Kubantu abaselula

Xa sibhenela langoku cinga nangokomthetho, emafeni ngexesha lenene, kunokwenzeka ukuba abantu abaninzi baya ndilingelwa ukuba adle kuphela intendana eyahlukileyo somhlaba. Nangona yokuba kule mihla baye baba zokuhlala cottage ethandwa kakhulu, kungekhona mazingabhidaniswa kumakhaya zooyise. Manor phantsi komthetho yangaphambili - nguwo ilifa apho unyanzelekile ukuba ahlawule irhafu kurhulumente, nto leyo eye isakhiwo amandla ezimeleyo, kwakunye kumboleki. Ngamanye amazwi, abanini lifa ngokwabo kufuneka uthathe unonophelo umbane, kwakunye nokulahlwa yonke inkunkuma. Ngoko ke yintoni na estate kunye yintoni iingenelo njani na abantwana bethu?

Impendulo umbuzo othi ngasentla, Kucacile - umnini welifa unika izizukulwana zexesha elizayo ithuba lokuba bahlale kwiimeko imvelo, kwakunye unako bafundise abantwana babo kumsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni kuzithemba. Akumele ithathwe njenge nempahla usapho ekwanti zehlabathi iyonke. Lo mbuzo kuphela xa kukho ezweni efumaneke elikhulu apho ukwakha nasiphi na isakhiwo, kukholekile usapho lwakho. Ekugqibeleni, iqela kumakhaya zooyise ngokulula ukudibanisa emzaneni izinyanya lilonke kunye nokudala iziseko zayo, neya kubandakanya kwaye emfundo, kwaye zonyango, kunye nezemidlalo, njalo njalo ngemibutho namaziko. Nantso into kwilifa elizayo!

Izibonelelo kunye neempawu ezintle izindlu zooyise

Ukuthetha izinto ezintle lifa, kufuneka kuqala ukukhankanya imeko eziphilayo ehlabathini. Kusengqiqweni ukuba ulwakhiwo umnini welifa akafuni ukuphila esigangeni kule nkalo, kuya kuqalisa ekutyaleni esebenzayo kwemithi namatyholo. Abanye abanqwenela yokutyala uAshera kwi indawo apho ukwazi ukuhamba. Kwakhona, amafa lweenkobe Russian zange zifakwe iludonga lwamatye enjengothango phantse uthango ngaso. Konke oku kubaluleke kakhulu kunye nempembelelo entle ekuphuculeni imeko eziphilayo kweli lizwe - kukho imithi ngakumbi, ipropati yabucala ekhuselweyo, kuba ukutya kusetyenziswa ngaphantsi ukutya okungekho mpilweni ngaphantsi, yaye oku sikhatshwa ngendleko engephi, njengoko konke ukutya, bathi, "ukususela emyezweni phezu kwetafile ".

Enye inzuzo elifunyanwa ilizwe Russian, ibe yindawo enkulu, ngokungafaniyo kokubini yasentshona kunye nabamelwane zasempumalanga ngubani emzimbeni nje alinako ukuvumela umntu omnye abe amaphecana ezinkulu umhlaba nobunini babucala. Development ngamafa zooyise ke, kuqala kwiinto zonke, kuphuhliso kunye nokuphuculwa ilizwe ngokwalo. Kakade ke, oko kuya kuba negalelo ukugcinwa usapho kunye nezithethe zesizwe, kwakunye nokuqiniswa amaqhina entsapho. Yintoni ilifa? Kuyinto uligwiba entsapho!