Alberto Giacometti: A Biography eqingqiweyo

Yaba umzobo inqabile; phakathi kwamagcisa ezininzi avant-garde eParis wafunda art ngaphandle slogans abstruse kwaye ngokuca-, ngaphandle eyothusayo nezibhengezo. Ibizwa ngokuba enye abakroli kakhulu kwinkulungwane XX, kunye Alberto Giacometti wasebenza ngaphandle utsaleleka xesha, elibele kulala kunye nokutya. Wayedla ngokuthi kuphela ekuqaleni umendo ukuqondwa umfuziselo wakhe, yena akanayo nawuphi na umsebenzi ogqityiweyo ...

unyana womzobi

Waye phantse ubudala efanayo kwinkulungwane XX kwaye wazalwa ngo-1901 kwidolophu Stampa, kwi-Italian nonyeliso inxalenye eSwitzerland. Alberto Dzhakometti wayengunyana ka lomculi postimpressionist kunye ubuntwana eliye lakhula kusemnandi umdla kubugcisa entle, le nzala ekunamatheleni kwi-sikhokelo ukuya isimbo esithile okanye ukuhamba. Le ingqondo wegcisa lihanjiswa kulo ebomini bakhe.

Kodwa kuqala, yena iikopi imizobo nguyise imisebenzi ngendlela yakhe kunye nendlela Fauvism. Xa Umfanekiso waqalisa ukusebenza ngendlela yabaphengululi. Emva efundisa udidi sculpture le Geneva School of Arts Fine, wenza uhambo kwelaseItali, waza ke waya eFransi. Alberto Giacometti, ogama engobomi yaqala eSwitzerland, phantse bonke ubomi ochithe ku studio kwi Montparnasse e Paris, kusale nje ukonga ixesha nosapho lwakhe.

Kukhethwa ngumpheki

Ukususela ngowe-1922 waqalisa uqeqesho nomkroli Emile-Antuana Burdelya (1861-1929), umfundi we Rodin omkhulu nqapha eyicela iminyaka emi-5. Ukususela ngo-1925, bezoba bepeyinta zenzelwe Alberto Giacometti neentlobo abancedisayo, kunye nobugcisa ephambili kuye ukususela ngoku kuya befaka.

IParis yokuqala kwenkulungwane XX - embindini ubomi bezobugcisa ihlabathi. Xa nimlahle iinkokeli eziselula lweentsingiselo ezintsha zobugcisa ocoliweyo, noncwadi, ifilosofi yenzekile ufunde iindlela ezintsha kunye neengcamango, intsebenziswano kunye nempembelelo nokuxabisana. Ndandingakwazi kubaphepha kunye Alberto Giacometti. Eqingqiweyo ixesha zimpawu ecacileyo uphando formalist Constantin Brancusi (1876-1957) kunye, Kakade ke, lo Cubists. Umzekelo i "umntla" (1925).

Impembelelo art eyayingekaphuhli

In search of kakuhle eli umfanekiso garde undistorted isikolo izindawo ingqalelo ubugcisa kwezizwe, okhohlisayo yi impucuko. Lomboniso iimaski isiko nezithixo totemic eAfrika, iOceania naseMzantsi Merika, obukhulu kuzo era zaseYiputa ezafunyanwa yakudala - konke oku sele kufundwe kunye nomdla. UPicasso, Matisse, Modigliani - amagcisa ndlela ezahlukeneyo ezisetyenzisiweyo mibala efanayo ukupeyinta kunye imikrolo.

"Couple", "Spoon Mfazi" (1926) - enye yezona zinto ebonakalayo kwexesha, Alberto Giacometti. Dibanisa lula totem olukhulu ifomu, ibinzana obudoda kunye nabasethyini ngohlobo yeesimboli, silhouettes bakwezolimo kakhulu. Ezi ziphumo i igcisa kuwasebenzisa kwixesha elizayo, kodwa indawo ngokuqinisekileyo ngokungqalileyo (as in kwezi nemifanekiso eqingqiweyo) yenzeka e Giacometti kaThixo ezinqabileyo.

A banezimbo

Ungaze uvala ngokwam kwezinye-nye isimbo, kulula ukutshintsha isimbo, ingakumbi kwisigaba sokuqala. Alberto Giacometti, ogama engobomi - ekugqibeleni umsebenzi rhoqo kwaye nzima liphuhlise eyakhe eqingqiweyo bakhe isimbo ezizodwa, unique liyabonakala - side, ethe, iimilo umphezulu eliguquguqukayo, ovusa isithuba ngeenxa zonke.

Kwaye ekuqalekeni kuye lula ukuba esityeni minimalism, obonakalisa izinto imizekelo utshintsho ukuphakama nekardinalnymi, "iNtloko" (1931), "Weasel" (1932). Kwakukho ixesha xa ingqalelo lweli surrealists zakhe ukuqina. "Umfazi emqaleni wakhe cut" (1932): nombono ngokumangalisayo olomeleleyo zobundlobongela iyazalisekiswa umthamo asike moya xa kubonakala izinto ngamnye biomorphic ukuba angaqwengwa umzimba, wehlelwa milo eyoyikekayo. "Table Surreal" (1933) - element Ifenitshala - ukwakhiwa self-ezaneleyo phakathi kwentsingiselo izinto ezidityanisiweyo ukwenza imbali entsha.

Edume "Ibhola Suspended" (1931) - into ngokwenza ezimangalisayo feelings for umbukeli ngamnye ngamnye: omnye grez amava evuselela inkanuko yesini, lo gama enye uziva liqatywe buhlungu.

Kodwa ixesha surreal edlula. Uphononongo wobomi ezahlukeneyo yokubaleka bejikeleza nangaliphi na ixesha, yaye loo mntu ngelo xesha ukuba babe mxholo wegcisa.

Nakuba ndamgqibela izihloko

Switzerland - lizwe cala, kodwa kuhlala sibukela ayikwazanga kuba nabani na ovela ntlekele kwemfazwe yehlabathi. Iintsuku zonke nje ongahluthanga nzima, kodwa ezinkulu-isikali kunye nemisebenzi ebalulekileyo zadalwa kancinane. Hayi ukupeyinta ulwelo ngempazamo kwaye umzobo kwakhona baqalisa ukuhlala isithuba ngakumbi imisebenzi Alberto Giacometti. Sculpture ngokoqobo lawisa - Imifanekiso yabantu ukwamkeleka kwi bhokisi. Ukufunda umthamo intsebenziswano kunye nesithuba, ixesha, kunye nobunzima, olu lingelo igcisa kunye nezinkulu.

Ezi zifundo zenza isiseko umsebenzi wazisa ingqalelo ehlabathini lonke inkosi ngoko nangoko emva kwemfazwe. Ngoko ke, lo ukukrola kuyabiza kakhulu Alberto Dzhakometti "Indoda Ukuhambisa" yadalwa 1947. Uphose ngobhedu, ukuphakama 180 cm, le wizard wathengiswa entwasahlobo ka-2015 kwi kwifandesi Christie ngo-million 141,285 zeerandi.

ukuqaphela

Eyona ndawo iphambili kweli mboniso ngo-1948 eNew York yaye ngowe-1950 eParis enikelwe imikrolo, ukuvakalisa ubu kunye sesichengeni zabantu kwihlabathi ugonyamelo, ukungakwazi ukuze sixhathise sicatshulwa ayinakutshintshwa kwexesha. Kunye ne imizobo ezimangalisayo & Imizobo Alberto Dzhakometti eqingqiweyo baba ukucacisa ukuba ndandisoloko ndikuthanda nempumelelo enkulu.

Kwengeniso kunye nezibalo ke wabaza ngxi kunye imifuziselo babo rhoqo - umzalwana Diego kunye nomfazi wakhe Annette - musa ukuba i-zexesha elifutshane lokwenene kunye nomthamo lenene, kubonakala ukuba ukuba ngaphandle isithuba, eyaziyo, intsingiselo, kwaye ayinamsebenzi apho mzuzu langoku.

Nokubuyisa ibinzana olubonakalayo yamandla umbhali xa texture ebilayo okudalwe nomkroli eyichukumisa ingenakubalwa iminwe, bona ziyachulumancisa amandla, ezifana isaphetha amandla azotywe. Oku phantse kanye uphawu efanayo "Indoda Ukuhambisa" Alberto Dzhakometti. Amafoto yale sculpture kwinkalo ethile - lo Umtyedi, ngubani oya kukhupha esitsholo yesibini ayinakutshintshwa.

Expressionism ku peyinta

Imizobo nemizobo yi Giacometti - oku kwinqanaba ukulungiselela umqulu elizayo bomsebenzi, nangona zikhangeleka kunye nokuphosa nomkroli. Umfanekiso okanye nobuninzi leesekethe ukuve- mzobo. Giacometti kuyinyaniso ngokukodwa ukusetyenziswa abenza imigca emibini umbala. Figure ifana meshwork esimbaxa ukuba isiphumo phantse-ntathu, umgca ngamnye echanekileyo nefanelekileyo.

Imizobo Giacometti kunye eqingqiweyo bakhe bafana kungekuphela ukusetyenziswa ngobuchule umthamo, zobude uphawu kuphela kuboniswe amanani kunye ubuso, kodwa amandla ongabonakaliyo, xa mintlhaveko leyi ngamnye ikhala inesifotho phezu komhlaba imikrolo, ipateni ngamnye bar kwaye smear ngamnye ezinomtsalane. Ngoko ke akukho ngozi amaxesha umzobi beqabe eqingqiweyo zabo.

opeyintayo animal

About "Dogs 'yakhe (1951) ufuna ukuliphika ziingcali, inja abaphathi, ukuchaza uhlobo yayo, ngenxa yokuba, nakuba the olinganise ezingaqhelekanga, kubonakala ngokumangalisayo yendalo. Kwaye ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuchana engumzekelo Alberto Giacometti eqingqiweyo. Amafoto zizala ukuzingela izinja Afghanistan wanikela kubo ubungqina ngokupheleleyo.

Xa ebuzwa malunga umzobi ngokwakhe, yena waphendula ukuba "Dog" kunye "kati" yaye "Spider" - ukuba nje bakhe self-eni.

Into esemqoka - abantu

kwizifundo zakhe, ingakumbi kwixesha kamva zahlukene: wayepeyinta kusekho lifes, ubume, kunye nezilwanyana. Kodwa mxholo uphambili wayengomnye, ukuba ithe ukupeyinta kunye sculpture Alberto Dzhakometti. "Indoda Ukuhambisa", "Ukuhamba Man" (1960), "Man Crossing Square" (1947), "Le ndoda abadlulayo yeMvula" (1949) ... eqingqiweyo bakhe ukuvakalisa ukuba sengozini kwabantu, bema ntsho ngelo xesha langoku, indlela izithuba elimxinwa zobukhulu ezahlukeneyo, ezi naliti imhlabe isithuba.

Yena watsala abantu, waba ekhululekile kwaye ezintle - Alberto Giacometti. Amafoto wathimba ubuso lakhe elinendili, uluvo lwakhe olumkileyo vseponimayuschy, umboniso ubalisa amandla elungileyo yemisebe ngabo okanye extinct de kube sekupheleni uhambo lwakhe.

Isizathu sokuba Jongisisa

imisebenzi yakhe - ezinye kakhulu zithandwa ngokwalo eziphathekayo. "Indoda Ukuhambisa" Alberto Dzhakometti, ifoto leyo kwagcwala kwi Internet entwasahlobo ka-2015 njengoko 'intloko Big Diego "(1954) kunye" Man Ukuhamba "ngo-2010, umise irekhodi ukwenzela ixabiso kwentengiso imisebenzi yobugcisa.

Phakathi kwezinye izinto na esinye isizathu sokuba bayijonge yindalo bakhe kwakhona ukuba sizibuze ukuba yintoni na ubugcisa, kanene nguwuphi na umntu.