Abasetyhini i-Pushkin AS Abafazi, baphefumulelwe kwaye bahlabelelwa nguPushkin

U-Alexander Pushkin ngumntu owe emlandweni njengomlobi omkhulu waseRashiya. Nangona kunjalo, abantu bexesha lobunzima babenokumbona kwezinye iindima. Wabiwa udumo njengomngcakazo, u-tola, u-duelist kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, umqoqo weentliziyo zeentombi. Ukubukeka okungazange kuthintele umdali ekukhohliseni umgangatho omhle. Ziziphi iibhinqa zasePushkin ezishiya uphawu kumsebenzi wakhe? Ukukhangela impendulo yalo mbuzo kubalobi bezobuchwephesha kwakukhokelela kakhulu ngoluhlu oludumileyo lwe "Don Juan uluhlu" lomlobi.

Uthando lo kuqala

Bangaphi abesifazana ababenayo i-Pushkin? Kwakungekho nabani na ongakwazi ukuthetha ngqo. Nangona kunjalo, igama le ntombazana, ukusuka ekubonakaleni kwayo "intando" yenkalo yobomi bombongo, yaqaliswa. Uthando lokuqala lwafika kuAlesandria eneminyaka eyi-14, xa wayeqwalaselwa ngunyana ofanayo noNatalie Kochubei. Wadibana nomfana omncinane, ehamba ecaleni kwepaki yeTsarskoye Selo. Ekuboneni kokuqala, wayeyithanda yonke into kuyo, esuka kumomotheka ukuya kumbono.

Njengamanye amantombazana asePushkin, uNatasha ukhankanywe kwenye yezenzo zakhe. Kukholelwa ukuba kuye malunga nengqiqo e-"Eugene Onegin" ekhunjulwayo, xa ebhala "wayengenashushu, engabanda, engathethi ...". Ikhanuko alizange lihlale ixesha elide, kodwa lifakwe kwimemori yombongo njengeyona ndlela yokuqala.

Abafazi bakaPushkin: Ekaterina Bakunina

Kwaphela ixesha elide, u-Alexander Sergeevich wayethanda olunye ubuhle obumangalisayo. U-Ekaterina Bakunina wayengudade kwenye yabangane beetekisi ababenayo naye ukususela kwizifundo zakhe. Le ntombazana yayikhanya kwiibhola ze-lyceum, ukutyelela kwisihlobo sayo. Wayekhonza njengendoda ekulindile enkundleni kwaye wayenomdla omkhulu kumzobo, ethatha izifundo kumculi odumileyo uBrilov.

Bala ukuba bangaphi abafazi basePushkin, ubuncinane ubuncinane, banceda imibongo yakhe. Umfanekiso kaCatherine, indoda ethathwa njengelifa eliyinyaniso lembongo zehlabathi, elingagqibekanga kwimisebenzi ye-22, ebonisa amava akhe kweso sikhathi. Eyona edume kakhulu kubo yayibizwa ngokuba "kumculi".

Ubudlelwane bukaPlato

Abafazi bonke abaphefumlelweyo basePushkin baphendule ngokukhawuleza kwintando yesibongo. Phakathi kwalabo ababeboshwe kuphela ngeentlonic ubudlelwane, kukho i- Ekaterina Karamzina. Bonke abo babesazi ukuba umfazi wesibini weengxelo-mlando nguNikolai Mikhailovich wabonisa ubuhle obumangalisayo obuneminyaka yakhe yobutsha.

U-Ekaterina Karamzina wakwazi ukudala enye yezona zixhaphakileyo eSt. Petersburg ukuba ii-salon zexesha. Ngexesha elinye ikosikazi ayizange ilandele imfashini, ayizange ilungise ukugembula kwaye ayizange ivumele iindwendwe zayo ukuba zisebenze ngolunye ulwimi, ngaphandle kweRashiya. Ngesinye isikhathi, iPushkin yayisisigidimi esiqhelekileyo kwi-middle-century ye-salon, ngokunyanisekileyo ukumthanda umdali wayo. Iimvakalelo zengqondo zazibonwa nguCatherine kunye namahlazo, okwabavumela ukuba bathwale ubuhlobo obuye buvela ebomini.

Njengabo bonke abanye abafazi abalulekileyo ebomini bePushkin, uKaramzin "ufanelwe" izibongo ezintle. Ngokomzekelo, unokhumbula imida yeengoma kunye nokuphazamiseka, inkunzi "Kodwa ndiya kuyilibala uthando." Kuyathakazelisa ukuba uKatherine wazalwa iminyaka engama-20 phambi ko-Alexander Sergeyevich.

Night Princess

Abafazi, abathandwa nguPushkin, ngobuninzi babenobuntu obuqaqambileyo. Umzekelo opheleleyo ngumdla wakhe u-Avdotya Golitsyna, umfazi wenkosana enamandla. Eli bhinqa wayengumninimzi we-salon, owayengazange abe nalunye usuku kwaye athanda abantu abaninzi abadumileyo.

Ubuntu bomninimzi buphawulwe ngophawu lomdlalo. Kuyaziwa ukuba lo mfazi ubandakanyeka ngokuchazwa kukaMadame Lenorman ukuba uya kuhamba kweli hlabathi ebusuku. Ukususela ngoko, i-salon yayo ihlale ivulekile kwiindwendwe ukususela ngo-10: 00 ukuya kutsho. Yile ndlela ebizwa ngayo isiteyiti esingaqhelekanga "i-Night Night Princess". Ngozuko lwalo mfazikazi omhle, owayeneminyaka engama-20 ubudala kunabo, u-Alexander Sergeyevich wabhala abathandekayo abaninzi. Omnye kubo kwakuyi-sicelo, kunye ne-ode kwi-Liberty yaboniswa kwinkundla yabafundi.

Umfazi womrhwebi

U-Amalia Riznich yintombikazi kunye nomdali owadibana nayo, ehlala ekuthinjweni. Njengabo bonke abasetyhini ebusweni bukaPushkin, wayenomdla obonakalayo. Umbongi wancoma iinwele zakhe ezinamahloni kunye nesicatshulwa amehlo, ubuncinci kunye nokukhula okuphezulu. Le ntombazana yahlala entliziyweni yengqiqo iminyaka emininzi, iphoqa ukuba ayikhohlwe ngabanye abameli bezesondo ezifanelekileyo.

Ngelishwa, isithuba somfazi womrhwebi uRiznich sasibuhlungu. Ubomi bakhe babanjwe ngumsebenzi nangaphambi kokuba abe neminyaka engama-30 ubudala, okwenza iPushkin ibe buhlungu. Kakade, ezininzi zeengoma zakhe ezidumiweyo zaye zaziswa ku-Amalia, umzekelo "Ubusuku" bowe-1823. Ngendlela, u-Alexander Sergeyevich akazange ahlabelele kuphela kwimibongo, kodwa wakha umfanekiso wesithandwa, usebenzisa ipensela.

Uthando olunomdla

Umbongi wayengeke azuze udumo lomntu obenomdlavuza ukuba wayebathandana kuphela namantombazana akhululekile kwizibophelelo zomtshato. Abaninzi babasetyhini basePushkin, abaye bashiya uphawu emphefumlweni wakhe, babesetyhini abatshatileyo. Omnye wabo ngu-Elizaveta Vorontsova, wehla kwintsapho ehloniphekileyo, owayengumfazi we-rhu runeli jikelele.

UAlesandre noLisa bahlangana e-Odessa, apho isibini sase Vorontsovs sathutha emva kokuba umyeni ethola isikhundla seburhuluneli kwingingqi yaseNovorossiysk. UPushkin wahlabelela umfanekiso wendalo yakhe entsha ngokubuninzi bemvelo yakhe. Kwakuye ngaye ekhumbula, ebhala "I-Letter Burn", "Talisman". Wayekhonza kuye kunye nemodeli, imbongi kunye nokuthabatha ipeyinti yakhe. Ngokuqinisekileyo, amahlebezi malunga noqhagamshelwano olwenqatshelwe ayinakwenzeka. Urhuluneli onomsindo waqinisekisa ukuba umfazi wakhe othandekayo wathunyelwa eMikhailovskoye. Kukho iimbali-mlando ezikholelwa ukuba intombi kaSophia, ozalelwe u-Elizabethe, ayithathiwe kumlingane osemthethweni.

Iprototype kaTatiana Larina

Amanye amabhinqa asePushkin ashiya uphawu kwimbali kuphela ngenxa yemisebenzi yakhe yeembongo. Phakathi kwabo akukho nto, ekuqaleni, ayibonakaliyo uEvpraksiya Vrevskaya. Ngalo mbazana, umdali wadibana njengomntwana, ekubeni intsapho yakhe inomhlaba kwiMihailovsky yakhe.

Abaphandi abazange bafumane uluvo olufanayo ukuba ummelwane ka-Alexander Sergeyevich ngokwenene waba ngumfazi owayengumfanekiselo noLarina, okanye waphazamisa enye intokazi. Kuyaziwa ukuba ebomini bakhe imbongi yayihlala kunye naye kwimibutho enobuhlobo obushushu, rhoqo ukutshintsha iileta.

Umbono wokutshabalalisa

Amanye amabhinqa, ahlabelelwa nguPushkin, athola udumo, athelekiswa nozuko lweenkwenkwezi zanamhlanje zokubonisa ishishini. Akukho mhlali waseRussia ofumana imfundo yesibini, engazange ave igama lika- Anna Kern. Kwakuloo mfazi omangalisayo ukuba umbhali wabhala umsebenzi othi "Ndiyakhumbula Ixesha Elimangalisayo."

UAna wadibana noPushkin, ngoxa wayesekhaya likaStepersburg. Ekubonweni kokuqala, umfana osemntwini akazange abe nomdla kumhle, kodwa imbongo yakhe yamenza wayitshintsha ingqondo yakhe. Ulwalamano lwabo lwalukhethekileyo, oluxhamle kunye neentloni. Kuyaziwa ukuba uKern uxolelane ngokusondeleyo kunye nentsapho yowowo waba ngumncedisi.

Kuyathakazelisa ukuba imbongi yayithandana nomzala ka-Anna. Intombazana ibizwa ngokuba ngu-Anna Andro (kwintombazana yase-Olenin), wayefundele kakuhle, efundwa kakuhle, wayekuthanda ukuqamba umculo. Abantu ababazi "o-sibini uAna" ngomntu, badumisa ilizwi lakhe laphezulu. U-Pushkin wamangaliswa yintombazana encinci kangangokuthi wafuna isandla sakhe, kodwa wayenqatshwa, ecinga ukuba ngumlandi. Nangona kunjalo, ubuhle obunentloni bufumene imibongo emininzi. Ngokomzekelo, umsebenzi "Yintoni egama lakho."

Umfazi wesibongo

Ukuthetha malunga nabani abafazi babe ngu-Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin, umntu akanakukunyamekela umlingane wakhe kuphela osemthethweni. Abalandeli abaninzi be-genius bayaqiniseka ukuba nguNatalia Goncharova owayedlala indima ebomini ebomini bakhe. Kukho imbono yokuba i-duel kunye noDantes, eyaphazamisa ubomi bomdali omkhulu, yayiyimiphumo yokuziphatha kwayo.

Kukho abo bathi uGoncharova akazange abe noluthando lokwenene kumyeni wakhe odumile. Abanye abaphandi banikela ngobungqina obuninzi nangaphezulu malunga nenkolelo yokuba wamtshata, ekhokelwa ngokubala ngokuqhelekileyo. Intsapho kaNatalika yayidinga, ngaphezu koko, yayilawulwa ngumkhulukazi okhohlisayo. Ngokuvuma emtshatweni, ubuhle babuye bakwazi ukuphuma endlwini yendlu kayise.

Njengabo bonke abafazi baka-Alexander Pushkin, iGoncharov ixesha elithile wayeyindawo yokuphefumlela. Yayingumfazi wayo imbongi eyayizibhalileyo xa ebhala esithi "Ndiyamthanda, ndiyamthanda." U-Natalia wamnika abantwana abane: oonyana ababini kunye neentombi ezimbini.

Umongikazi weembongi

Kuyathakazelisa ukuba indoda eyabonwa njengobuncwane beebongozi zehlabathi ayizange isebenzise imifanekiso yabazali bakhe kwimisebenzi yakhe. Nangona kunjalo, akazange akhohlwe ukuqhubela phambili ubungqina be-nanny yakhe ethobekileyo, engenakulibaleka, ukuthetha ngezinto abafazi basePushkin babenalo. Uluhlu oluqulethwe uluhlu lwezinto zokuzonwabisa ezithandwayo zembongi, ngokuqinisekileyo, aluqukethe igama lika-Arina Rodionovna. Kodwa kuye uAlexandria Sergeevich uguquka kakhulu kwizinto ezidaliweyo, umbiza ngokuthi "ngumhlobo weentsuku ezinzima" eyaziwayo "uNyana". Ukuqwalasela ubuchule bembongi, unemibono enhle kakhulu yomntwana kunye nalo mfazi.

Yile ndlela abafazi abadumeleyo bePushkin bajonga ngayo. Iifoto zobumnandi zibukeka, ngelishwa, ayiyi kuphumelela, ekubeni ubomi bentsikelelo yenzeka kwiqendu yokuqala yekhulu le-19. Imifanekiso yabo ithathwa kuphela ngabaculi abaveze iifoto ezimnandi.

Isiphelo

Abaphandi abazange bafumane uluvo olufanayo malunga nabafazi abane basePushkin, abathandayo kakhulu. Ngamanye amabhinqa abhalwe apha ngentla, afanelekele ukuvuma okungakumbi. Kungenzeka ukuba u-Alexander Sergeevich ngokwakhe akakwazi ukukhetha okubaluleke kakhulu kubo, ekubeni izinto zokuzilibazisa zidibene nexesha elifanelekileyo lobomi bakhe.