Z Panteleyev: engobomi, iifoto. Oko wabhala Panteleev Z?

Z Panteleev (bona ngezantsi ifoto) - mbumbulu, eneneni Umbhali ogama Alekseem Eremeevym. Wazalwa ngo-Agasti 1908 e-St Petersburg. Uyise waba ligosa Cossack, ligorha imfazwe Russian-Japanese, wafumana liqhawe ngezenzo zakhe. unina Alexei ka-- intombi zabarhwebi, kodwa labakhandi yokuqala wafika uyise wayo ngaphandle abalimi.

Esakhula

Alesha ebuntwaneni ngamakhoboka iincwadi, izilwanyana, nokuba poked bahlekisa ngaye, embiza "kwikhabhathi". waqala yokuqamba ngokwakhe esemncinane. Kids íOpus wakhe - imidlalo, imihobe, amabali adventure - waphulaphula kuphela kunina. Ekubeni uyise akazange na ubuhlobo - Kwaba wamajoni kwendoda ngqwabalala.

Little Alex kusetyenziselwa ukubiza ngokuthi "ukuba", ngoko ke wahlala ke ukuzinikela ngonaphakade. I umfanekiso Umbhali uyise Z Panteleyev uya kuhlala ngonaphakade kwinkumbulo wakhe, wamsa ebomini ngothando nokuzingca. Lo mfanekiso nje ukhanyiso, kunoko, umbala gilding yesilivere, njengoko isixhobo yamandulo - umfanekiso knight unguwo.

Kodwa ke unina - umcebisi ukholo, kunye neqabane umphefumlo vutswatsi abantwana babo. Ngowe-1916, xa Alyosha wamnika kufunda kwisikolo yokwenene, umama wayesazi zonke izifundo zakhe, iimvavanyo, ubudlelwane kunye nootitshala kunye nabo, kunye nonyana ngeenxa ekuncedeni. School, akazange ugqibile - zange abe nexesha.

ukuzulazula

Ngowe-1919, uyise womntwana lowo wabanjwa ngoxa yaqhutyelwa ejele waza wadubula. Alexandra, njenge unina, wagqiba ukubaleka baphume Petersburg ebandayo kwaye belambile, ukuba ndisindise ubomi babantwana. usapho lokuqala abaziinkedama bahlala Yaroslavl, uze - kwidolophu Menzelinsk e Tatarstan.

Kwezi Ukuzula ngokwenene umbhali elizayo Z Panteleyev wayefuna ukunceda intsapho yam, ndifuna umsebenzi, maxa wambi wafumana, ndaqhelana nabantu abahlukahlukeneyo, kwaye abanye babo ukufumanisa ukuba ukwayanyaniswa nobugebenga. umfana kakhulu kwaye lukwenza Ndakhawuleza ndaya phantsi kwempembelelo embi yaye bafunda ukuba. Kuba isibindi lithemba, ilifa, kuyabonakala ukuba ilifa kuyise, abahlobo omtsha obizwa kuye lesiqhulo edume abaphangi St. Petersburg - Lonkoy Panteleyev. Ngoko ke ngoko yaba elabo zoncwadi.

School Dostoevsky

Ekubeni entsha "umsebenzi" Alexei wayesoloko enxulumene namapolisa kunye nokhuseleko namadindala, lo mfana ezama ukulibala lakho yegama. Igama olungcono nesabasilaleleyo kunokuba wadubula ligosa Cossack. Ingakumbi mama kumafama Arkhangelsk vybivshihsya ku abarhwebi. Kuba amagama amatsha wayedla ukudla nezisitheleyo nokuba xa sidibana nabantu abaqhelekileyo, kude amasela kunye naye, igama lakhe lokwenene igcinwe. Kufanele, ngokungathi wabona ukuba zingajijwa elide kangakanani umtya ... Ngokuqinisekileyo ukubanjwa.

Ngoko nangoko emva kokuphela kweMfazwe Civil, urhulumente wathabatha kufutshane ukusombulula ingxaki abantwana ezitratweni. Lijongene isiphumo ngokwayo Feliks Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky. Eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kukuba emva kweminyaka emibini okanye emithathu ukufumana umntwana abangenamakhaya yaba nzima, yaye ngowe-1919 babalekela khona izihlwele ezitalatweni. Naku Panteleev Z: biography longasekhoyo 1921 behluleke ebe iilebhile. Wabanjwa ze zithunyelwe kwindlwana uthumo ekhethekileyo ukujongana abantwana ezitratweni in Petrograd. Ukusuka apho ke wathunyelwa School of Dostoevsky, eyona idumileyo "SHKID".

Republic elincinane

Eli liziko lemfundo emangalisayo onokufaniswa-mpikiswano yangaphambi-olululo kunye Bursa, kunye Pushkin lyceum. abantwana ezitratweni lolutsha esikolweni, ukuze bafunde isifundo nzulu kunye ngovuyo wabhala, imibongo, imidlalo yeqonga, wafundisa iilwimi zasemzini, wakhululwa amaphephandaba yayo imveliso kunye neemagazini.

Z Panteleev, imbali yakhe njengoko umbhali baqala ukubeka apha waza zonke ezona zinto zifuneka kuqala ukuze abuyele ubomi obuqhelekileyo, ngaphandle boilers nochlezhek, ngaphandle ubusela, indlala kunye uyasinda amapolisa.

Apha mfana wahlala iminyaka emibini, leyo wamwisela amandla ubomi. Kwakukho abahlobo, elidlulileyo lawo yayingekho ilula, eseleyo ngonaphakade Alekseem Eremeevym. Ngoko ke, isiphelo wamsa umfundi esikolweni efanayo - Grigoriem Belyh. Wayeza kuba co-umbhali wencwadi yokuqala nosaziwayo kakhulu malunga kids isitalato - i "Republic SHKID". White, kusekutsha kakhulu waphulukana uyise, nonina uhola wokuhlamba impahla penny nemfesane kakhulu, kodwa wayesoloko exakekile, ngenxa yokuba ukusebenza nzima ixesha elide kakhulu. Nyana wagqiba ukuba amncede ayeke isikolo waya bengabamasango. Apho, kwizitishi, kakhulu, beza phantsi kwempembelelo abantu ezimnyama waza waqalisa ukuba.

Abanikeli

Amakhwenkwe baba ngabahlobo kwaye wagqiba ukuba abe weqonga film. Ukuphumeza oku, baye bayeka "SHKID" yaye waya eKharkov. Ndifunda kancinci kwi iikhosi Screen inkuthazo ngabasemagunyeni, wabona ukuba abadlali namnye. Ukushiya le umsebenzi kwixesha elithile Badinga "SHKID" akazange abuyele - mhlawumbi nazintloni. Nakuba kunjalo, isikolo elivisayo zam wayemthanda devotedly, ndagqobhoza of kakhulu kangangokuba siye sagqiba ukuba abhale incwadi ngayo.

Ekupheleni kuka-1925 babuyela eLeningrad, uGregory ayehlala annexe kwi Izmailovsky Prospekt - gumbi elimxinwa, elide, aphela window kungena eyadini, yaye kulo - iibhedi ezimbini itafile. Yintoni enye efunekayo ukuze indaba? uAbhishagi Uthenge, amazimba, iswekile, iti. Ungacela ukufumana ukusebenza.

isicwangciso

Kuye wakhawulwa - koko Ndakhumbula - ngezigigaba abangamashumi amathathu anesibini ibali yabo. Ngamnye kubo ukuba babhale izahluko elinesithandathu. Alex wabetha "SHKID" Kamva Grigoriya Belyh, ngoko yena wabhala kwisiqingatha sesibini sale ncwadi, uze uhlale ngokuzithandela ngesisa lonke udumo co-umbhali, ngubani mazilawulwe kwinxalenye yokuqala yale ncwadi ukuze abafundi abanomdla ukuba ufunde incwadi ukuya ekupheleni.

Kwaye ngenene, kwaba ngayo inxalenye yokuqala zibambene zonke iingxabano, kukho zasekwa iindlela kukuqhushumba ntoni apho zonke ezikhanya yaye intle, yaye oko isici esasenza "SHKID".

ncwadi

Wabhala ngothando, fast, fun. Sekunjalo, ngokupheleleyo akukho babecinga ukuba ngqangi kuya kwenzeka ke, apho waba? Kwaye akukho nto malunga nayiphi na impumelelo bangakholwanga siphuphe ngayo. Akukho nasinye ababhali okanye abavakalisi makhwenkwe, Kakade ke, wayengazi eLeningrad. Kuphela umntu lowo babona kabini kudala "SHKID" kwi ethile ngokuhlwa zegala, le umhlobo Lilina, intloko yesebe lemfundo.

Umntu unokucinga ububi phezu kobuso lo mfazi, xa ezimbini ubomi axhatshazwe of yangaphambili iinkedama bazisa omkhulu, ngqangi yakhe nje azifikeleleki. Noko ke, yena wayifunda. Kwaye hayi nje kuphela. Zabhala unethamsanqa nje liyana. Wayifunda, wanika elingqingqwa, eneenkcukacha singcolile iingcali real - Leningrad State Publishing House, apho ngqangi funda Samuil Marshak, Boris Zhitkov kunye evgeniy Shvarts.

Njengoko ababhali bazifihla udumo

"Funa abacimi, amapolisa ekhangela ...". Ewe, okunene, ukuba ukhangela inyanga yonke macala onke kuba incwadi njalo ... Kaloku, igama, le ncwadi! Iidilesi nje akwasala namnye. Akukho nto kodwa ngqangi. Ukongeza, beza ingxabano ngaphandle ofisi. amemeza White ukuba wonke lo mba kunye lilungiselelo ngqangi - nto idiotic ngokupheleleyo, ebhalwe kakuhle, waza wabhala ukuba lihlazo omkhulu akayi ukuza apha kwaye isiphumo ukuba lihlazo. Ngoko ke, saxolelaniswa baza bagqiba ekubeni ndawo akasoze ahambe kwakhona. Abadlali babo zange isebenze, kwanababhali, kubonakala ngathi, kakhulu. Apha Abahambeli - ewe, abo elungileyo zibethe.

Umbhali Z Panteleyev, Noko ke, nako ukumelana. Lahamba ixesha edinayo nezingaqhelekanga, ngathi ndawo enye yokwenza ngokwakhe. Nakuba kulindelekile ngathi akukho nto, kodwa yadika kwaye yadika esiswini sakhe, usafuna ukwazi ukuba yintoni na encwadini yabo? Kwaye Alex, ngomhla zobuqili evela kumhlobo ezinzileyo kwaye womelele-nkani ngakumbi, kodwa wagqiba ukuba Ndindwendwele umhlobo ka Liling kwisebe lemfundo.

Indlela ukubulela efanayo zonke ababhali bafumana

Ebona Alexei isebe lemfundo epasejini, unobhala wadanduluka: "Wathi ke yena !!! kuza!". Kwaye ngoko kweyure, uQabane Lilina wamxelela ukuba incwadi yazo ibhalwe kakuhle. Koko ukufunda kuphela oko, kodwa isebe lemfundo, ukuya abacoci, nabo bonke abasebenzi bendlu lishicilela. Unokuyicingela indlela ndaziva ngelo xesha, Z Panteleyev! Yintoni ukubhala ngayo, iminyaka emininzi kamva, abakwazi ukufumana amagama. Kwaye ke amazwi ezinye zezi azikho, ukuchaza into awayevakalelwa ngayo ngaloo mzuzu.

Samuil Yakovlevich Marshak iinkcukacha ukhumbula yokuqala tyelela co-ababhali eziya kumhleli. Aba- lunganga udakumbile bexoxa kancinane. Lungise rhoqo wala. Kodwa kwakukho, Kakade ke, abonwabileyo ekutshintsheni iziganeko. Kungekudala emva kokupapashwa iincwadi kwiilayibhrari baqala ncomo. "Republic SHKID" funda voraciously, dismantle okwe kuku ezishushu! Wonke umntu ezibuza le Grigori Belykh no Z Panteleyev, ngokuba kids ngobomi ngubani kubaluleke kakhulu.

amahlebo impumelelo

"Le ncwadi ibhalwe kulula kwaye nandi, ngaphandle kokuthandabuza, njengoko phantse asizange yokubhala, yaye wakhumbula nje olushicilelweyo, kakhulu sekudlule ukususela ekhohlo iindonga yesikolo" - kukhumbula yena. Kuba ukugqitywa ngokupheleleyo umsebenzi kwathabatha iinyanga nje ezimbini ezinesiqingatha.

Aleksey Maksimovich Gorky funda "Republic SHKID" ngodlamko olukhulu, wathetha ngako kubo bonke oogxa bam. "Funda elwe!" - wathi. VN-Rosinskiy Soroka, umlawuli yesikolo, yathiywa igama utitshala Gorky of uhlobo olutsha lwe mzobo omkhulu nokobuqhawe kuko. Kukrakra nkqu ileta Makarenko wabhala Vikniksore, sigqibe ukuba umlawuli we "SHKID" - ngegorha kunye liqhawe, njengoko utitshala omkhulu Makarenko.

Noko ke, Anton Semenovich incwadi amasiko zange ukuba. Wabona ukusilela zokufundisa, kwaye incwadi ngokwayo akafuni ukubona ubugcisa, kwabonakala kuye neqiniso kakhulu.

emva udumo

Co-ababhali ixesha elithile zange ashiye: izincoko ukubhala, amabali amafutshane. "Clock", "Karlushkin focus" yaye "Portrait" yaba yimpumelelo gqitha. Kule wagcina ukusebenza kunye, nto leyo kunye kwakhokelela Gregory Belykh kunye Z Panteleyev. biography emfutshane ekuhlaleni kwabo sele igqityiwe.

Alex wabhala iincwadi basebaninzi zabantwana, phakathi ekufuneka kuqwalaselwe ibali ogqwesileyo "Nyaniseka", eyaba yokufunda, kunye ibali "Package", leyo, Noko ke, umbhali naye zange aneliseke: kwabonakala kuye ukuba ukuba eli bali devalued inkumbulo yakhe uyise. Kodwa ke, eli bali yathathwa kabini.

co-umbhali

Grigoriy Belyh ngo-1936 wabanjwa bexoka, wabalahla wabhala umyeni wodade wabo, ebeka encwadini lwemibongo. ingxaki Housing na ityala. Abamhlophe wafumana iminyaka emithathu entolongweni, yaye xa ekwakhe washiya umfazi nosana nendodakazi. Z Panteleyev nokuba Stalin ngocingo inqoba abasemagunyeni, kodwa watsho phantsi. Yaqhubeka kuphela ukuba baqhubeke ukosuleleka entolongweni nokubhala iileta nomhlobo.

Gregory ngokwakhe sancokola Alexei ukuqhubeka imizamo. Isizathu alikho igama, kodwa. Oogqirha yamakhonkxwa siyifumene sephepha White. Yena eyayingazange gu wayeminyaka imashumi mathathu ezelwe owayesakuba kid esitratweni, nangokwesela, uze emva koko ongumbhali enkulu wafa esibhedlele entolongweni. Z Panteleyev emva kweminyaka emininzi wala ushicilele i "Republic SHKID". White azaziwa lutshaba yabantu, ukucoca igama lomhlobo eseqweqweni kwakubaluleke lee. Noko ke, ekuhambeni kwexesha, sase ...