Boris Zhitkov - Umbhali kunye umhambi. biography emfutshane of Boris Zhitkova

Ngubani na kuthi ebuntwaneni zange ukufunda amabali emangalisayo abahambi?! Eninazo imisebenzi enjalo, kodwa hayi zonke, kukhumbuleke ngoku ukuba umbhali zabo kwaba umbhali kunye umphandi Boris Zhitkov.

Ngoku makhe siqwalasele ngobomi eneenkcukacha yale ndoda ephawulekayo.

Iminyaka esakhula

Boris Zhitkov wazalwa ngo-1882 kwisixeko Novgorod. Lowo weza evela intsapho ofundileyo: uyise ngutitshala obalaseleyo bafundisa imathematika a kumaziko Novgorod utitshala. Umama nangomphefumlo wakhe wonke enikelwe umculo, isebuncinaneni bayo, wayefunda ngezininzi Antona Rubinshteyna.

Noko ke, Boris ubuntwana qhiphu nje ngenxa relocations rhoqo (uyise owaziwa umntu "ongathembekanga", ngoko ke idla wakhanyela endaweni), kodwa ke ngenxa yokuba umlinganiswa nkwenkwe, ndandifuna zokuhamba adventure.

Iminyaka yakhe abazi kwenzeka e Odessa, ngoko Boris Zhitkov kokugqiba isikolo. Kwisikolo semfundo ephakamileyo umhlobo wakhe waba ofunda uKolya Korneychukov (umbhali abantwana elizayo xa Chukovski). Kwaoko ke sagqiba ekubeni sihambe ngeenyawo ukuya eKiev, Noko ke, basilela ukufikelela Kyïv. La makhwenkwe babuyela kumakhaya abo zinokohlwaywa ngokuqatha ngabazali babo.

baphupha ukuhamba olwandle

A lot ukubona ebomini bam Boris Zhitkov, biography umbhali kungqina oko.

Boris waba umfundi wakhe, wabhalisa kwiYunivesithi, Noko ke, ukuze kwahlulwe yendalo, kunokuba zemathematika, njengoyise.

Ngelo xesha eRashiya ngowe-1905 uye wayidlala le revolution lokuqala Russian. Zhitkov wathabatha icala bavukeli, ngobunye ubusuku wabagxotha ngasese oomatiloshe ngomkhombe weapon "wempi Potemkin" ngabavukeli baphume emkhombeni. umfundi eneenkani akazange ubunzima kwiYunivesithi waza wagxothwa.

Zhitkov kodwa akazange anikezele, wagqiba ukuze iphupha lakhe - ukuba abe matiloshe kunye umhambi. Wagqiba ukuthatha iimviwo ngenxa isihloko Umatiloshe, yakhiwe wasinda waza ke ababhalise ebhodini omnye ngeenqanawa.

Kule minyaka mithathu izayo, umbhali elizayo yakwazi kutyelela zombini i-Red kunye Black kunye neelwandle Mediterranean, uthabathe uhambo oluya kwilizwe enencasa ukufunda okuninzi apho enezityalo nezilwanyana.

engineer Job

Inala nastranstvovavshis, Zhitkov wagqiba kunjalo afumane ngokwabo umsebenzi kakhulu. Ngowe-1909 wafika eSt Petersburg ukuya eSt Petersburg Polytechnic Institute. Zhitkov baphumelela iimviwo emnyango kwaye kwakhona waba umfundi. Ndaya ndlela eYurophu, apho wayesebenza khona isityalo kwizithuba kakhulu elula. Emva ekhaya eRashiya ngempumelelo izidanga.

Ngowe-1912, ngosuku olwandulela imfazwe yehlabathi eyoyikekayo, umbhali elizayo kwakhona wathumela uhambo. Eli xesha ke lo umjikelo. amehlo Zhitkov yabona yonke imibala eqaqambileyo kunye namazwe ezizodwa Asia: India, China, Ceylon. amava Kamva ukuhamba ziluncedo kakhulu xa uba umbhali.

Kokubuyela ekhaya, Boris Zhitkov wabona ukuba revolution sele kuqalile kweli lizwe, nto leyo wajika injineli entsha abangasebenziyo, kwanyanzeleka ukuba ukulamba kunye kwuma. Apha ke Zhitkova, bamvusa ukubhala italente dozing lonke ixesha.

ubuqambi

Boris Zhitkov, ogama engobomi ibonisa ukuba wayevela intsapho efundile, ebuntwaneni babekuthanda uncwadi. Wayesoloko idayari, wabhala amabali kunye nemibongo, wabhala ileta ebangel 'umdla.

Kwaye ngamaxesha Soviet, waba ngumbhali ngokwenene. Xa iyonke kule minyaka Zhitkov epapashwe imisebenzi ngaphezulu kwe 192. Ngoko amabali, amanqaku zokuhamba. iincwadi zakhe nangoku zithandwa kakhulu kunye nabantwana, kuba kubo umbhali uchaza kwaye ngenyameko ihlabathi zasendle zakule kunye nehlabathi zendalo kumazwe akude. Amaqhawe imisebenzi yakhe baba oomatiloshe nesibindi, abalweli Russian, izilwanyana kunye nje abantu nobuganga obukwanjalo.

Uthotho imisebenzi wadala Zhitkov ukuba abafundi abaselula kakhulu, wabiza umbhali yena "Encyclopedia ngenxa abaneminyaka emine nyaka." Ezi ziquka amabali ezifana "imagi phantsi komthi weKrismesi", "pudya", "Yintoni ndibone." Amaqhawe ezi iincwadi echukumisayo, ukwazi noluqondakalayo kumntwana ngamnye.

Ixabiso ubomi kunye nomsebenzi we umbhali

ubomi ecacileyo nekulula baphila Boris Zhitkov, ifoto le ndoda yamxabela ujongo ezizodwa, apho umbhali ukhangela abantu. Oku ngqindilili kunye ngaxeshanye look zesintu ukuba ukulungele ukuya kulwa bonke ubunzima yobomi nothando ngexesha elifanayo.

Inyaniso, uthando kunye yomphefumlo womntu ndaziva Boris Zhitkov, ifoto kunye ngobomi bakhe - yokuqinisekisa ecacileyo.

Umbhali wafa abaselula. Wayeneminyaka eli-56 kuphela ubudala. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe, yena ugula kakhulu, kodwa akukho ukungxama ukunika phezulu isigulo sakhe, walwa yonke imihla edlulayo.

B. Zhitkova wangcwatyelwa 1938 e Moscow, niyenze phaya emadlakeni odumileyo Vagankovsky.

kwiminyaka eli-15 kuphela yobomi bakhe Zhitkov wayephila abe ngumbhali. Noko ke, ngegalelo lakhe uncwadi abantwana ayinakuphikiswa. Yeyona umbhali wencwadi ukuvula bonke ubuhle ihlabathi zendalo abantwana bafunde sengqondo ngenyameko yaye intlonelo kuye.