Yoshkar-Ola: labemi, iingingqi, uqoqosho

Yoshkar-Ola - isixeko engundoqo i-Mari Republic. okungaqhelekanga yayo umntu Russian abathetha ulwimi lwasemzini beso igama laloo mzi wafumana ulwimi Mari ngokoqobo lithetha "sixeko ebomvu".

Ulwazi malunga isixeko

Kwi kwintsimi lwasempumalanga Russian i Republic encinane Mari El. ikomkhulu lalo isixeko Yoshkar-Ola.

Ubukho Yoshkar-Ola uqale ukususela 1584, xa yabeka Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich ukudala iinqaba kwi Kokshaga emlanjeni. Eli gama lokuqala - Tsarevokokshaisk ukwenza oko de-1919.

Ukususela ngowe-1919 ukuya 1927 esi pereinachili isixeko e Krasnokokshaysk, yaye emva kokuba Yoshkar-Ola ekhoyo ngoku.

Ukusukela kokusekwa isixeko Yoshkar-Ola wakhula, ukuphuhlisa nokuphucula. Noko ke, yena nako ukuqhayisa inani elikhulu labahlali. Population Yoshkar-Ola ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 kwaye abazange ngaphezulu abantu 2,000.

Ngexesha Second World War, xa izixeko ezininzi Russian ziye ATM yaye, ke ngoko, intshabalalo, Mari Republic kumgama ekhuselekileyo noko ukusuka kumgca ngaphambili. It nempembelelo into yokuba, kwisixeko engundoqo kwiriphabliki babefuduswa abaninzi mveliso omkhulu kunye ezibalulekileyo kushishino. Kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe awenzanga nabo, yaye oku kuye abachaphazelekayo kuphuhliso esebenzayo yesixeko kwaye, ngenxa yoko, ukwanda kwenani labemi.

Isixeko olutshintshayo uphuculo yaqala kuphela ekuqaleni 21 kwenkulungwane th, xa intloko siseko weRiphabhliki aseMari El uye waqinisekisa ekuqaleni yokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwezibonelelo ezininzi nembali, inkcubeko kunye nokuzonwabisa. Kwaye sasidla banezimbo ukuba siyakwazi ukubona yonke ndwendwe.

Ukuphila Yoshkar-Ola

De kwenkulungwane ye-19, abemi Yoshkar-Ola yaye akazange ngaphezu 2,000. Ngokutsiba kwenani labemi lo kwenzeka kwixesha kwemfazwe, xa isixeko yazala ushishino okhulayo, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kubantu bathontelana ukusebenza mveliso.

Ngokutsho manani ukususela kubalo yabemi eRashiya, Yoshkar-Ola wawuhlala mali ka-265 044 abantu ngo-2016. Kuba kummandla ka-110 km ² luphawu elungileyo kakhulu.

Xa inani Yoshkar-Ola abahlala eRashiya ohlala kwindawo 74th. Population mninzi - 2594 km ^2. Xa ipesenti Ngokwemiqathango umahluko ngokwesini esixekweni likhaya-45% amadoda nama-55% abasetyhini. labemi Urban - 57,3% (inani labemi ezidolophini), 36% yabantu lilonke Yoshkar-Ola.

A umlinganiselo ekhethekileyo mzi izinga lokusweleka eliphantsi.

Ukwahluka beentlanga

Ngokumalunga ukwakhiwa nobuhlanga komzi, iye iintlanga ezahlukeneyo 96. Abaninzi bahlala kummandla labemi Russian - 68%. Kulandelwe i zemveli Mari - 24%. indawo yesithathu nekuhlala inani labantu Tatar - 4.3%. Ngaphandle kwengoma engundoqo yesizwe, i-urban labantu ifomu Ioshkar Ola:

• Chuvash;
• Ukraine;
• Azerbaijan;
• Armenia;
• Uzbeks;
• Belarusians;
• Udmurts;
• Georgians;
• BaseJamani kunye nabanye abaninzi.

Iinkalo Yoshkar-Ola

Ukuze ukulandelela ukukhula kummandla Yoshkar-Ola kwimaphu, ungabona ukuba kule minyaka ikomkhulu aseMari El yadibana kwiilali ezingqonge-20 kunye namadlelo.

District umzi, ukongeza Yoshkar-Ola, enze iindawo: yokuhlala Apshakbelyak, kwilali Semenovka, ilali: Ignatievo, Nolken Danilova, Savino kunye Shoya-Kuznetsovo, Akshubino ilali, kwilali Yakimovo, kwilali Kelmakovo.

Kwiindawo ezisezidolophini Kwiindawo zilandelayo ilandelayo: ezinde, Alonkino, ezinkulu, isibhedlele, East, Chigashevo, Oaks, Gomzovo, Star, Integral, Mechanical Engineering, Leninsky, uLutsha, Uxolo, Nagorny, mouse, Nikitkina, Orsha, Oktyabrsky, Coastal, Predzavodskoy, Sverdlov , Remzavod, eSoviet, North, Sports, Szombathely, Central.

Ulwahlulwa-mzi ube zizithili baqalisa kwinkulungwane yama-20. Kwiminyaka 70 Yoshkar-Ola kwimaphu yaye eneneni yahlulelwe kwii ariya 2:-mveliso Lenin, nto leyo kumafa yayo ulime ubumelwane zokuhlala kunye nemimandla yasemaphandleni.

Factory indawo ezidolophini bamanyene ngokwayo: (. Nge Kokshaysk kunye nebhunga ilali ipoma, ethe yafakelwa wapheliswa) kwisithili ibhunga kwilali Sidorovsky Medvedevsky, Kokshaisky.

kwisithili Leninsky yayiba lamabhunga kwilali ezininzi Kuyarsky, Sunny, Kundyshsky kunye Semyonov.

izinto

Yoshkar-Ola iya kuba yindawo umdla kubakhenkethi. Kwisixeko mininzi izinto umdla, ezaziwa nje kuphela balapha kodwa abakhenkethi.

"Yoshkin cat"

Sculpture "Yoshkin cat." Yilo oselula wavela kumbindi wesixeko ngo-2011. Sinikezelwa umlinganiswa lwemveli Russian.

Le Umfanekiso efakwe kwi umzimba omkhulu kwiYunivesithi Mari. It yenzelwe njenge kwesitulo ipaki, apho uhlezi lekati yoshishino yoshkin. Ukufakelwa aluwafaneli mahle sixeko kunceda intloko kwiriphabliki.

Cat ndoyilahla ngobhedu ubunzima 150 kg. ababhali zayo abakroli of Yoshkar-Ola.

Bruges eweni

Enye ezitratweni ezintle e Yoshkar-Ola yi Bryggen. Ifunyanwa yindawo entle aloo mzi kweenxweme Kokshaga nomfula. Oku "Belgium yamasuntswana" ukusungulwa ngokusekelwe sesakhiwo kwisixeko saseBelgium Bruges. A gem yokwenene eli chibi baza kufakwa kudidi kulo ezitalatweni izindlu kunye nophahla ezinemibala, iifestile ezinobukhulu obahlukileyo, tubami kunye turrets.

Ivula Bryggen kwenzeka ngo-2010.

Yintoni enye ukubona?

Isendaweni phezu chibi-ofisi yobhaliso Yoshkar-Ola, nto leyo yindawo nje ngomtshato abahlali balapho, kodwa kwakhona isakhiwo kunye Umtsalane woKhanketho esihle, ukwakhiwa isimbo zwe.

Ukuvulwa ozukileyo Palace of lomtshato kwenzeka ngo-2012.

Ofisi Registry ibekwe malunga kwenye ikratshi wengingqi - oqingqiweyo Prince Rainier kunye Grays UKelli 3. Le Umfanekiso i yomntu nesinika.

Xa ikomkhulu Mari na isakhiwo emangalisayo ezisemagqabini kunye icala vukhongeri kwicala - Iiyure "12 Abapostile". Ibonisa kuphela ngexesha Yoshkar-Ola, kodwa yokusebenza. Imihla ukususela 9 kusasa ukuya 9 pm, zonke Iiyure ezi-3, 8 imizuzu kule wotshi wadlala njengomboniso wokwenene: ibekwe kwi emnyango uqoqo i ivula, nangaphandle kufika kwikholam abapostile ikhokelwa ngu Yesu. Ivala column uYuda ngokuyixabela ibhegi 30 yayeyesilivere. Ukuphakama Umfanekiso nganye yi-1.5 yeemitha, zenziwe ngobhedu.

On indawo wayengusolusapho Yoshkar-Ola kubekwe enye Umtsalane - ilitye lesikhumbuzo-umthombo uPetros Fevronia.

Tsarevokokshaisk yesicelo lifumaneka kumbindi wesixeko. Le yindawo ethandwayo hayi kuphela Yoshkar-Olintsev kunye nabakhenkethi, kodwa kwakhona indawo yemibhiyozo lixesha ukukhumbula ngoMeyi 9, imiboniso kunye neempahla. Ngenkulungwane yama-20, le ndawo kwathiwa Market Square. Iziseko entsonkothileyo incwadi yesicelo iquka: eludongeni ngezitena kunye ezinde 4, itempile kunye kwindawo engaphakathi yesicelo.

Enye eqingqiweyo entsha Yoshkar-Ola waba ileta ngomthi "J".

Ngowe-2007, phakathi komzi, kanye ngakumbi kweli ziko, kwabakho nomdla zokwakha - i Annunciation Tower, inqanaba ukuphakama oziimitha ezili-55. Into yokuqala etsala ingqalelo xa ujonge inqaba, loo nto ikopi encinane chimes Moscow yesicelo.

Theatre Yabantu Abaselula. Eli ziko yenkcubeko, eyenzelwe ukuba abaphulaphuli oselula, yasekwa ngo-1991. Kukho izinto ezenziwa kumabala emidlalo ngeelwimi ezimbini: Russian kunye Mari.

imboni emzini

Plants e Yoshkar-Ola na amashishini ezibalulekileyo mveliso, nto leyo ibe ixabiso ebalulekileyo yeRiphabliki, nangenxa kwelizwe liphela. Umalunga ubunjineli, iindawo zokutya kunye nokuveliswa kwemathiriyeli yokwakha.

Zizityalo swa zobunjineli ukuvelisa iimoto yomkhosi kwindawo yoluntu.

Ukongeza kwishishini engundoqo, Yoshkar-Ola zisebenza nezinye izityalo ezininzi industrial ekuphuhliseni impahla eziyimfuneko:

1. Pharmaceutical, ukuba benza imveliso nezakhiwo vitamin.
2. amashishini ukutya. Yoshkar-Ola wathwala umba nenyama kunye neemveliso zezilwanyana okugcinwe.
3. Yoshkar-Ola candy mveliso. Le nkampani iye khona ukususela 1944. Okwangoku, silwenza iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-60 ezahlukeneyo iimveliso confectionery: Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo waffles, zonke iintlobo epha, toffee ubisi, marmalade eliphekwe.
4. "ELF" mveliso ifanitshala. Le nkampani ukwenza iingcango yokuvelisa, zenu, iiseti ikhitshi, iitheyibhile, nekhabhathi kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi ifenitshala.
5. Ukumpompa Plant EDTB "Crystal". inkampani Industrial yasekwa ngo-1970.
6. Mari oli lokubalekela. Isenzo kwisityalo kwaqala ngo-1998. Phakathi kweendonga zawo zenziwe amafutha.
7. Shoe Factory (YOOF). Products zenkampani nezabelo ngezabelo zezihlangu.
8. Ingubo efektri imveliso neminqwazi. Isebenza ukususela ngo-2006 yaye ngoku uvelisa malunga 140 iintlobo iminqwazi bonke abemi.

isiphelo

Yoshkar-Ola owenza umsebenzi hayi nje ikomkhulu weRiphabliki Mari El, kodwa iziko yayo engundoqo. Sijolise isakhiwo ikakhulu noqoqosho lweli lizwe, kukho kwisakhiwo esikhulu ezibalulekileyo ezimbalini kunye bokwakha mihla. Le dolophu umdla omkhulu ngenxa zombini abakhenkethi Russian angaphandle. abazange kudlule ixesha Yoshkar-Ola ndabulaleka.