Yokuphefumla negesi Exchange: sisiseko sobomi

Ngokwentelekiso kutshanje, ekuphela kwendlela ukuze libone ukuba ngaba umntu liphilile, kuye kwenzeke ukuba ukubona okanye ukubona iimpawu ukuphefumla. Kwitreyi umlomo isipili wakhangela ukuba kuba lisibekele. Ekuhambeni kwexesha lethu ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nezinye iimpawu, kodwa ukunqongophala umoya usoloko eyalatha ukuphela ngokukhawuleza okanye sele wenza ukuyekwa ubomi. Yokuphefumla abelane negesi Kusekho wafundela zizazinzulu ukuqonda ngcono umsebenzi we isixokelelwano sokuphefumla xa iyonke. Kuyinto oluthembekileyo kakhulu, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kuba basengozini kakhulu.

Le nkqubo ibandakanya yomoya, isakhiwo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla iyafana ndawo. Ezi ziquka i nakumarhanana, kwingqula, uqhoqhoqho kunye bronchi. Zonke ezi izidumbu matrix intlala, ukuze ukugcina imilo wabo, kodwa ngaphakathi ilandelelanisiwe uhlobo epithelium ciliated. Kuyinto olukwazi izishunqulelo ezichuliweyo amgxothe imizimba ezincinane basemzini ngokuma.

Nangona kunjalo, le nkqubo engundoqo nokuphefumla, imiphunga, lidlala indima ezimbaxa ngakumbi. Kulapha ukuba kukho kutshintshiselwano phakathi kwegazi kunye nomoya kunye vice versa. Yokuphefumla abelane negesi, umsebenzi wabo prayimari zihlobene. Lula aguqulelwe lo msebenzi ngokokwakheka.

Abaninzi kuthi ebuntwaneni, kunyanzeleke ukuba ukuphefumla kuphela empumlweni. Kutheni le nto kubaluleke kangaka? Endleleni ngokusebenzisa umoya uba ulophu ngakumbi lweHo- ngeempumlo, kodwa kungenjalo umoya owomileyo na kwalimala emiphungeni (Khumbula iimvakalelo zam emva baleka kakhulu kakhulu avareji prodolozhitelnosti xa kufuneka ukuba aphefumle ngomlomo). Ukongeza, i-kwisisu ngeempumlo lilibaziseka uthuli, kodwa ngenye nkqu kubantu abatsha emiphungeni ezifanayo mbuthi eluthulini. Ngoko ke, abo emlonyeni uphefumle rhoqo, ukugula kakhulu kwaye ukhohlela nkqu ngasemva lezempilo.

kwisisu ngeempumlo wahlulwe yi isahlulelo ibe ngamaqela amabini, oku emva mingxuma ezikhethekileyo nasopharynx ingxelo. Impumlo iqulethe amalungu ukuqgiba kwakunye amalungu, ekwazi pheromone - izinto ezisenza sibe nomtsalane besini esahlukileyo. Sothi bokuphefumla Exchange igesi umnikelo, kwaye ziqulathe amacandelo nezinye iinkqubo.

Ukususela nasopharynx ngokusebenzisa umoya okungena emlonyeni ukuya kwingqula, leyo kufuneka adlule emqaleni. In pharynx - uhlobo Crossroads nokuphefumla kunye neenkqubo esiswini. Kukho umgcini othembekileyo - le epiglottis enqanda ukutya kunye ulwelo ukuba imuncwe. Kuyinto ngezantsi kancinane imisipha - imicu ezizodwa ilastiki, leyo ayikhuphi isandi ngendlela efanayo njengoko violin.

Kwingqula ifikelela ezantsi kwentamo, apho isigaba esilandelayo endleleni lomoya - noqhoqhoqho. Yintoni umdla kukuba, ukuya kwiminyaka-16 uqhoqhoqho siquka intlala, kodwa kamva - ossified. Nangona lo mzimba kakhulu abongi kwinkqubo nokuphefumla ziyahluka ngokobude apha. Ekupheleni uqhoqhoqho iqhekeka ibe bronchi ezimbini. Baya lwamasebe ngaphandle kungena imiphunga, yaye indawo yezi izenzeko azibonakali ngaphandle.

Imiphunga ayikho ngokupheleleyo apho owoyamaniswe ukuba ukrokrela ubukho babo - esifubeni, nabo wakhupha iisentimitha ezimbalwa ngaphezu clavicle. iqokobhe yabo yahlulwe kubini, phakathi apho kukho igrisi, ngoko ke ukukhanya kunokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye zochuku-free (normal) ukutshintsha imilo yayo.

Isebe bronchi waphuma waya bronchioles, uze kungena amaqamza amancinci - i alveoli.

Ngexesha ukuphefumla nokuzola kuphela 70 ekhulwini umoya ifikelela emiphungeni. Ngenxa umahluko yengcinezelo ioksijini singena emithanjeni igazi Entangling alveoli, kunye ne-carbon dioxide, ngokuchaseneyo, ephuma emithanjeni kunye alveoli emzimbeni.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba inkqubo esempilweni zemiphunga. Kwaye ngoko uya kuba yokutshintshana igesi obalaseleyo. Oku kuya kubonelela ukusebenza ophezulu kunye nokuhleka. Khusela imiphunga yakho ebuntwaneni. Ngapha koko, yonke imini ukwenza kuthi umsebenzi onzima nokuvumela iiseli wonke umzimba ufumana ioksijini eziyimfuneko ebomini.