Yiyiphi izinto ayibizi ukwakha indlu? Apho ukuthenga izinto zokwakha indlu

Ukugqiba ukuba ukwakha indlu, siceba ngenyameko le nkqubo yokwakha ngokwayo, kwakunye ufuna iindlela zokonga imali. Kakade ke, ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zokuhlala namhlanje hayi fun yayixabisa, kodwa hayi ndimele, ekhetha izinto zokwakha zokwakha indlu. Namhlanje, xa kunokwenzeka ukuba ukusebenzisa ubugcisa bale mihla yaye akukho izinto ngaphantsi ezintsha kunokuba cheap ukwakha umgangatho ophezulu kakhulu kunye nendlu elungileyo. Ke ngoko kufuneka uqhubeke ukukhetha kwezinto kunye kakuhle Bacinge.

Isakhelo: ukwakha lula!

Namhlanje, ngakumbi yaye ngokufuthi ngakumbi isetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa zobugcisa isakhelo lwezindlu. Ukukhetha izinto ukusuka apho ukuya kwakha indlu ayibizi, abaninzi ukhetho ikuthintele kwi kwisakhelo. Njengomgaqo, olusekelwe phezu kwayo kwakhiwa izindlu iindleko. Le nkqubo-sikhokelo ngokwayo inokuba iinkuni okanye umgubo wentsimbi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba, kunye kwisantya ulwakhiwo le ndlu iya kuba ukhuseleko ezahlukeneyo eziphilayo, iipropati elungileyo yokugquma thermal, iyahlala nokhuseleko lomsebenzi. Umenzi uqinisekisa ukuba indlu Isakhelo ukuma iminyaka ezimalunga nama-40, ukuba kwiplanga, kunye neminyaka eli-100 ubudala, ukuba ifreyim yesinyithi.

Ithekhinoloji kokwakhiwa elula, ngoko ke akunyanzelekanga ukuba ebandakanya iqela labasebenzi. Okokuqala sakhiwe isakhelo, nelisebenza njengoko kwenziwe isiseko sendlu kaThixo. Usambathisa thermal ambiwa yoboya okanye ilitye namawa kakhulu ngokufuthi zisetyenziswa. Izinto eziya kusetyenziselwa ukwakha indlu, ezizezi: iiplanga iindonga, imigangatho, enziwa kwi kwisityalo, ze ke bamnikele kwisiza, apho liya. isakhelo yangaphandle alekwe ngokuyimfuneko izinto ezinokutsha ngaphakathi gasket kufuna ubushushu kunye nomphunga imiqobo.

Ahombise indlu isakhelo

Ukuxhobisa inxenye engaphandle kwesibonelelo yokuhlala, ungasebenzisa udonga elibele, ujike, izitena ubuso okanye sistucco, ngokunjalo ipeyinti kobuhle. Ukugqibezela izinto for kumakhaya namhlanje amelwe ngamanani amakhulu, ngoko iingxaki kunye ukhetho wabo akayi kuba ngqo. izindlu isakhelo Feature ukuba abahlehli, ukuze uqalise ukugqiba ngokukhawuleza zigqityiwe ukwakhiwa. Ukongeza, isakhelo izindlu - kakhulu nenoqoqosho. Okokuqala, ngenxa lula umbandela akukho mfuneko isiseko esiluqilima, yaye oku - yolondolozo ezibalulekileyo kwimathiriyeli. Okwesibini, saphela - agqibileyo ngaphakathi nangaphandle - ayikwazi kufuneka, njengoko iindonga kwaye wafumana anencasa nkqu.

Namhlanje, inani izindlu Isakhelo nama-12% ye ukwakhiwa, umzekelo, xa kummandla eMoscow. Kodwa ngenxa kuqoqosho kunye nobuchwepheshe, lula abathengi ukwazisa ukuba kusifanele. Ngoko ke, ukwakha cottage ezinemigangatho emibini ngenxa yeendleko technology isakhelo malunga kangangoko ukuthenga indlu le ndawo inye izakhiwo endlini ngomgangatho woqoqosho.

Iinkuni - ukwaziswa zemveli

Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba izinto ilungileyo indlu - emthini. Banyanisile, kodwa lo mthi isicombululo kuyabiza kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwezindlu. Kakade ke, kukho izinto ezinciphisa iindleko. Umzekelo, ukusetyenziswa ngamaplanga aqinileyo. Ukufakwa yona yabuyela mihla, yindlu yemveli kule nkangeleko. Kodwa esakhiweni kukwakho neengxaki, yaye nelona galelo yabo - shrinkage ekhaya, nto leyo echaphazela iinkqubo deformation kunokwenzeka, kwakunye nokwandisa ixesha yokufeza ngakumbi. Kungenxa yokuba kubalulekile kakhulu ukuba bagcine netheknoloji yokwakha.

Glulam: emahle kodwa kuyabiza

Kunye nokwakhiwa kwezindlu, abaninzi isekelwe kwinto yokuba yintoni eziphathekayo kutshiphu ukwakha indlu. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela akusoloko ilungile, njengoko zonke indima enkulu ukudlala iipropati ezifana ukuthembeka ukuqina lwezindlu. Kulo mba, glulam ingena ngokupheleleyo kuba akukho nto naxa akukho ukugqabhuza. Mhlawumbi, le yenye yezona materials esemgangathweni ukwakhiwa, ngokuba umqadi eyipasile egumbini yokomisa. Elements of kuyo ethe ndawonye i kuqulunqo uxanduva nokusingqongileyo ekhuselekileyo ngokupheleleyo ukuba abahlali.

Round ibeka: indlu Izithethe izakhiwo Russian

izinto zomthi ukwakha indlu - okuhle, ngokuba Bona luphawulwa ngeempawu ezintle ubushushu-saving, ukhuseleko lwendalo, kwaye kananjalo isakhiwo "nomoya". Ngenxa oku kunokwenzeka ukuba ukonga kwinkqubo yokwakha, ekubeni nasiphi na isakhiwo ukuprosesa nje akukho mfuneko. Kulo mzekelo, ubukhulu uqoqosho luya kuxhomekeka kwiprojekthi ekhaya indlela kakuhle.

Enoba kunjalo, ukwakhiwa kwezindlu ezenziwe iinkuni ziya kuba nenoqoqosho. Okokuqala, izinto lula, kwaye isiseko phantsi kudingeka nzulu. Okwesibini, iinkuni ngeenxa ukwenza umbala ethile kwigumbi, yaye ngaloo ndlela, imfuno kokugqiba umsebenzi nje ngeke.

eziphathekayo ovundileyo - ukulwa Ufanele ukuya kwisitena

iibhloko Gas silicate kunye eziphathekayo ovundileyo ngcembe indawo ithandwa kangaka kunye izitena yamandulo. Kakade ke, ukuba kancane emhlabeni, yaye ethile yalo ebaluleke kakhulu - kuba iipropati ubushushu ephantsi. Oko kukuthi, kuvela ukuba kukho indlu yezitena iya kuba ngaphandle lalingu kwindlu eyenziwe ngomthi. Usambathisa yayo iya kuthatha kakhulu eninzi imali, kodwa ngenxa yokuba ngakumbi nangakumbi ukhetho izinto ukusuka apho ukuya kwakha indlu ayibizi, oku kusetyenziswa iibhloko eziphathekayo kunye aerocrete.

Okokuqala, abafani apha geometry eyiyo enye kunye iimilo, ngaloo ndlela eyenza kube lula ukonga kwi ezivuzayo. Kaninzi ngenxa amalungu lib imali encinane nje glue. Okwesibini, le nto kakhulu voluminous, yaye ngenxa yokuba uya kuthatha ngaphantsi kakhulu kunalowo wezitena efanayo ukuze kwakhiwe indlu encinane. Okwesithathu, babeke izinto kuba lula yaye ngokukhawuleza kakhulu. Kulungile ke Okwesine, ikhonkrithi ovundileyo ukukukhanya yaye ngenxa yoko ayifuni isiseko nzulu kakhulu ngaphantsi kwalo. Oko kukuthi, ulwakhiwo sayo iya kuba imali ebonakalayo.

eziphathekayo ingakumbi ovundileyo njenge material

Ukusebenzisa le nto ukwakha, singakwazi ukwakha indlu eya kuhlangabezana neemfuno ukhathalelo lwendalo kunye nokhuseleko. Hi ndlela leyi, ukhuseleko yokusingqongileyo ngenxa yabaninzi - isalathisi eziphambili xa ukhetha izinto ukusuka apho ukuya kwakha indlu. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba udonga ovundileyo eziphathekayo na onokuma phantsi ngomlilo enzima malunga neeyure ezisixhenxe, nto leyo oyintsobi omhle kakhulu. Ukumelana nomlilo ivumela ukusetyenziswa ngekhonkrithi ovundileyo ukwakhiwa bezinto ezahlukeneyo kakhulu ukusuka zokuhlala zabasebenzi.

Ngenxa izinto eziphakamileyo yokusingqongileyo ibonisa kwakhona permeability elungileyo umphunga wamanzi. Oku kuphunyezwa into yokuba eziphathekayo ovundileyo lwenziwe ukususela izinto zendalo kunye zendalo: isanti, amanzi kunye lime. Ngako oko, akukho ukungcola kunye izinto eziyingozi. Kuyinto ebalulekileyo ngokunjalo ukuba eziphathekayo ovundileyo kulula ukuqhubekekisa, oko kusikwa kunye isarha eziqhelekileyo, drill, enika iyunithi nganye ngokumila ethile. Ngoko ke buyafuneka izinto ezo zinto ukuba imilo bokwakha umdla ziya kunikwa.

Ukukhetha izinto ukusuka apho ukuya kwakha indlu ayibizi, kubalulekile ukuba ebala. Ngokomzekelo, isigqibo ukusebenzisa ngaphezu aerocrete kunokuba kufanelekile. Kwindawo yokuqala kuba iindonga izinto ezinjalo ziza kwakhiwa ngexabiso eliphantsi, ngokulandelelana, kweli bakala kuya kuba lula ukugcina phantse isiqingatha. Kubalulekile ukuba aerocrete umbandela - oku ukhetho onesidima, kuba iimpawu zayo ngeendlela ezininzi zokwakha ukuba eqhelekileyo ngakumbi ezifana ematendeni okanye izitena.

izisombululo umdla mihla

Lidla isigqibo sokuqala isenokuba umnqweno izinto ezindala ukwakha indlu. Ngokomzekelo, abaninzi baye beva ukuba i US elide ikhusi ixesha elakhiwe iibhloko hay zixinaniswe okanye iindiza. Kuyaphawuleka ukuba isakhiwo yokuqala eso kwakhiwa ngenkulungwane XIX, kodwa staid iminyaka eliqela kuba Badla inkomo. Kumaxesha mihla, oko kukuthi ngowe-1940, imveliso iindiza phantse liphalele, ngenxa yokuba kwakukho ubugcisa zokwakha kwimizi ukwakha indawo irobust ezongeziweyo kunye nomgangatho. Noko ke, amancedo olu hlobo lokwakha lisekhona:

• ngendleko ephantsi, ekubeni iqela elinye iindiza akwazi kuxabisa amaxesha malunga 1,000 ezincinane ngaphezu isitena;
• eziphathekayo kwakuza kuba kuwonke-wonke;
• ubunzima ekukhanyeni, yaye ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo ubungayi kufuna isiseko enkulu, ukwakhiwa lwaqhutywa kuya kuba ngaphandle kokususa iindlela.

Yenzeka njani le nto?

Njengoko ubona, iindleko zokwakha kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Oku yindlela echanekileyo lwezindlu elizayo, yaye indlela isandi kukhetho izinto kunye nezigaba kokuthotyelwa ubuchwepheshe yokwakha. Kuphela kwimeko kweenkqubo ingxelo yezi bokuqonda kunokwenzeka ukuba ukwakha indlu elungileyo aqinileyo, nto leyo akemi kuphela ixesha elide, kodwa le nkonzo iya malini.