Klinker Brick khazi: Imilinganiselo

Clinker na iimpawu ezigqwesileyo zokuhombisa elide emangalisayo. Yintoni na ububanzi bayo? Yintoni uluhlu zobungakanani, iifomu, imibala kunye noburhabaxa ezikhoyo kubathengi? Oku kuya kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Yintoni clinker?

Ngenxa yindibaniselwano ezohlukileyo ngenkangeleko eziphambili neempawu ezintle yokuphatha, izinto zokwakha uthathwa elite. isicelo sayo iya kunceda ekhaya khangela nezamkelekileyo sikholisa ngexesha elifanayo anike uqinile olungaphambili njalo. Clinker kakhulu zibiza imali eninzi izinto daka, kodwa umgangatho Mathews iindleko. Kuye kwemoto waza waqalisa ukuba kuveliswa ngendlela engazange mveliso kule eNetherlands kwinkulungwane XIX. igama layo liguqulelwe ngeendlela Dutch "yokhaliso". Ekuqaleni ukuba isetyenziswe kuphela ukupheyiva iindlela, kodwa kamva waba ngomnye izinto ezininzi athandwa umphandle nomphakathi.

iimpawu

izitena ejongene Clinker na iimpawu ezizodwa ngokwasemzimbeni kunye nokuhombisa. Bona iimviwo okubangelwa kukuvela kwemeko ubuchule yokuvelisa engaqhelekanga kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezizodwa. Izitena imveliso kuphela njalo-ebizwa ngodongwe ndayame ezinomthamo eliphezulu zentlabathi zwi. Le umxube idayi kwezimbiwa eliyinjubaqa kunye abangelwe mlilo inokongezwa. Isanti eliphezulu lobushushu uguqulwe kwiglasi. Imibandela ukudubula okusilelayo zahlukile kakhulu umgangatho. Ukuze ufumane umgangatho wacela imveliso kwi lobushushu oveni kufuneka zigcinwe ngokuchanekileyo 1300 ^C. Thelekisa, kwinkqubo ukudutyulwa, izitena eqhelekileyo ngokwaneleyo ^malunga 900 C. Emva kwezi meko inkqubo kuqinisekisa porosity ubuncinane izinto eziphathekayo mninzi yayo. It uzuza amandla ezizodwa kunye nokufunxwa ephantsi kakhulu ubumanzi.

Iyahlala nokuphepha

izitena ejongene Clinker sangaphandle ayifuni yinkathalelo ebalulekileyo kunye neenzame ukuba alondoloze inkangeleko kubuhle. Ukungcola ntoni ukungena kwi komhlaba kwaye ngokulula ndakuhlambulula ngamanzi, oko kunika izinto porosity ephantsi kakhulu. Olu phawu kwakhona kuthintela imbonakalo moss ezindongeni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, lo umbala yezitena akuthethi lusithobe njengoko iidayi kwezimbiwa zongezwa ngqo kwi udongwe kwinqanaba ngamalungiselelo. Le izinto akhande igcina inkangeleko yayo yoqobo yobomi.

Ngokwemiqathango amandla clinker ejongene ngezitena kabili eqhelekileyo. It has a kwinqanaba eliphezulu yokumelana ucinezelo nokuzabalazela umonakalo. Abakhi usebenzisa yona ukwakhiwa kweziseko kunye angaphantsi lwezakhiwo, eziqulathe ubunzima zokwakha kwaye kufuneka ukumelana imithwalo enzima.

ukufakwa kwamanzi kunye nokumelana iqabaka

Isakhiwo yangaphakathi kakhulu clinker mninzi izinto ngenxa precompressed iyadubula lobushushu eliphezulu. Ukungabikho phantse epheleleyo pores obungabonakaliyo kuthintela kwii-ukufuma. ejongene Clinker izitena ukufunxa 3-5% sobunzima wayo amanzi. Ukuba imveliso unalo kwindawo eyenziwe ngezitena, akukho ukufunxa ukufuma. Thelekisa, nezinye izinto, eli nani yi-25%.

Inqanaba aphantsi ukufakwa kwamanzi unika izibonelelo eziphathekayo. Ingaphakathi ingasetyenziswa kwiindawo ngqwabalala, ngaphandle kokwenza imigudu ezongezelelweyo ukuze awukhusele imvula. Kukho unxulumano phakathi ukufakwa kwamanzi kunye nokumelana yeqabaka. Xa izitena afunxa amanzi amaninzi, isakhiwo sayo wamginya kwiqondo lobushushu eliphantsi. Clinker akanalo yale ukushiyeka uyakwazi ukumelana ubuncinane 75 Imijikelo ukuqanda thawing.

iyahlala

Kule parameter izinto ngokuqinileyo isesikhundleni phambili. Ngokuxhomekeke zonke iimfuno zobugcisa ebudeni ukusetyenziswa kwayo ekwakhiweni kunye nokusebenza kwexesha isiqinisekiso kunokuba ukuya kwiminyaka eli-100. Le elide kuyamangalisa sisiphumo iimpawu ezininzi ezintle clinker. kancinci ubumanzi, ukumelana eliphezulu iqabaka kwaye ihlala ngokuthembekileyo awukhusele zonke iimpembelelo eyonakalisayo kokusingqongileyo.

Ukhuseleko: ukhathalelo lwendalo nomlilo ukumelana

Clinker ejongene izitena iquka kumafa namasebe kuphela yendalo yendalo: udongwe, isanti kunye nezongezo ezahlukeneyo kwezimbiwa. Yena ayikhuphi naziphi na izinto eziyingozi. Le impahla wokwakha unako ngokuzithemba kunganxulunyaniswa kakhulu indalo. Clinker ukumelana ngaphandle deforming lobushushu ukuya ku 1800 degrees ^C. Loo ukuxhathisa emlilweni kufuneka infusible umxube ukusuka apho prozvodyat. Ukusetyenziswa kwale nto kolu lwakhiwo kwandisa ukhuseleko emlilweni kwezakhiwo.

ukushiyeka

Ukuba kukho ezininzi eziluncedo clinker izitena lining na neengxaki ezithile. Ezi ziquka iimpahla zazo ubushushu eliphantsi. Ngaphezu koko, imali ngokwemigaqo ubushushu ngayo malunga izihlandlo ezibini ngaphantsi izitena eqhelekileyo obomvu. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba le eqhwalela engagqibekanga uyahlawulwa yokuba abenzi siyasivelisa iintlobo ezininzi lulilize le mveliso. Umzekelo, clinker isitena ingaphakathi ngenxa kugudiswa umphandle kwiimeko ezininzi yenzeka ngobuwena ezinjalo. Ubuze iphucula kakhulu usambathisa thermal.

Fields of application

Iintlobo ngezitena ejongene clinker ixhomekeke khona. Front isetyenziselwa ngombala umphandle, ayidli kumphezulu emenyezelayo iyawulwa ukufuma kunye nokhuseleko ubuninzi. Abavelisi zinika uluhlu olubanzi imibala kunye noburhabaxa yolu hlobo ngezitena. Wamatye esetyenziselwa ukupheyiva iigadi kunye driveways. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba ngenxa yokuba amandla ayo, inika ukuxhathisa elihle imithwalo eziphakamileyo, umzekelo, ngokwelitye yemoto. Ukwakha ifomu ezisetyenziswa ukwakha isiseko kunye fundametov.

Ngobukhulu nemibala

Kukho imigangatho engqongqo ngokungqinelana ne apho clinker ejongene izitena. Ubukhulu abakwazi baphambuke ngaphezulu kwe-4 mm ubude, ububanzi 3 mm ne-2 mm ubukhulu. Ukuchana kuxhomekeka kumgangatho umenzi izixhobo isiqinisekiso kweengcali yayo. Kukho ngokusisiseko ubukhulu ezintathu kwemathiriyeli yokwakha:

• eyodwa (250 x 120 x 65 mm);
• sesquihydrate (250 x 120 x 88 mm);
• Dual (250 x 120 x 140 mm);

Standard yaseYurophu - 250 x 85 x 65 mm. Iimveliso uthandwayo abenzi German. ejongene clinker izitena Russian libambe share market engabalulekanga. Abathengi imibala eyahlukeneyo ezikhoyo kule nto. Iinkampani zinika abangasekhoyo malunga nekhulu, wadalwa ngokudibanisa impahla ekrwada e-nongo kwezimbiwa. iimpawu zokuhombisa, idityaniswe uqinile yenza clinker ngezitena omnye kakhulu ubenomtsalane kaloku akugqiba ingaphakathi ngaphandle eziphathekayo.