Yiyiphi eyona: inkwenkwezi okanye umhlaba kweenkqubo ezahlukeneyo star

Esibhakabhakeni ebusuku abaninzi kangaka iinkwenkwezi! Yaye zonke zibonakala ezincinane kangaka! Kwaye ke Umhlaba - kuba mkhulu kangaka. Ngoko njani na eneneni, kanene yiyiphi na enkulu, inkwenkwezi okanye iplanethi? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, simele siqonde ukuba yintoni eyenza nganye kwezi imizimba yasezulwini.

star

Izazi ngoko umzimba ekuthiwa, apho kuthi ngayo mbawula. Oku iibhola ezinkulu yerhasi exuding mali lee ukukhanya nobushushu. Bona akhiwa ucinezelo omxhuzulane irhasi kunye nothuli ukuba bazalise yonke. Inkwenkwezi kubunzulu of obushushu izigidi ezininzi hydrogen Kelvin e reactions yenyukliya aguqulwa abe helium.

Umphezulu ngeenkwenkwezi abandayo: kuphela amawaka ambalwa okanye amashumi amawaka kelvins. Iinkwenkwezi - izinto eziphambili iphela, kuba ziqulathe isixa engundoqo ukukhanya kwindalo. Kanti ulwazi esincinane sinokunceda ukuphendula omkhulu: a inkwenkwezi okanye emhlabeni.

Zonke iiplanethi kwiinkqubo solar ukujikeleza inkwenkwezi. Kwinkqubo yethu, neeplaneti Bajikeleza kwicala elinye, apho ilanga lijikeleza phezu axis yayo.

A inkwenkwezi uzalelwa

Noko ke, le nto zonke iinkcukacha ezifumanekayo izazinzulu ehlabathini jikelele enxulumene iinkwenkwezi. Kudala kwaziwa ukuba mkhulu: inkwenkwezi okanye emhlabeni. Ukongeza, ufumanise ukuba kuvela indlela iinkwenkwezi. Yaye azalwa gas oluphakathi. Phantsi yempembelelo womxhuzulane yayo ilifu nto zixinaniswe kancinci. Kule nkqubo, amandla omxhuzulane iba shushu. Emva lobushushu kwiziko ufikelela izigidi kelvins, le ucinezelo siyeka endaweni iqala nucleosynthesis. Eli nqanaba mde kobomi inkwenkwezi, ihlala ixesha elide kangangoko aphume zamafutha kwi core. Xa hydrogen iguqulelwa kwi iziko kwi helium, ukutshiswa siyaqhubeka elunxwemeni nucleus helium.

isakhiwo inkwenkwezi kwixesha lotshintsho. Ubungakanani konyuso iqaqambile, ezi zoleko engaphandle yandisa ngaphaya isakhelo eqhelekileyo, ngoxa embilwini zixinaniswe nangakumbi. Aqaqambileyo kwenkwenkwezi tsakisi. Emva kokuphela endalo iqondo lobushushu i lenkwenkwezi leyo kuthiwa ingxilimbela ebomvu. Kwesi sigaba, ihleli ixesha elifutshane kakhulu.

Umzekelo zenkwenkwezi uluhlu ngexesha lethu kungathathwa olwenzeka zerhasi lekroza Orion. Esi sakhiwo oluya phantse kwindawo yonke le leKima, kuquka ubunzima ezinto eziphilayo kunye igesi cala, uthuli, kunye mafu eziliqela. Stars ukwenzeka apho sele izigidi ezininzi zeminyaka kwixesha langoku.

iplanethi

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba ngexesha elinye kunye inkwenkwezi iyahluka ilifu efanayo uthuli zokuphuhlisa umhlaba, kwaba kudala ngoko akukho mfihlakalo ukuba engakumbi: inkwenkwezi okanye umhlaba. Ngokubanzi, izijikelezi-langa ibizwa ngokuba umzimba yasezulwini Bajikeleza inkwenkwezi. Ezi izinto kufuneka ubunzima ezaneleyo ukuze zifumane i imilo ngeenxa zonke, kodwa hayi ubungakanani ngokwaneleyo ukuba yaqala ngayo yenyukliya. La maqumrhu ukuba zihlanjululwe ukusuka planetesimals space Orbital.

Ngaphambili, oosonzululwazi baye ungaqinisekanga kubukho izijikelezi nezinye iinkwenkwezi, kodwa namhlanje wafumanisa inani elikhulu la maqumrhu, ebizwa exoplanets. Ukubona phambi kwabo, abaphandi bangasebenzisa kuphela teleskopu isithuba zinamandla.

Isibakala nje ukuba sikwazi ukubona iinkwenkwezi kunye langa bangamalungu iinkqubo zabo - hayi, sithi loo ngaphezu: inkwenkwezi okanye emhlabeni. Kwelinye icala, ezinye iiplanethi wezijikelezi zalo, kwakhona ukubona, kunjalo, phantsi kweemeko ezithile, oku akuthethi ukuba ngaphezulu inkwenkwezi wethu. Oku kwenzeka kuphela ngenxa yokuba ezi neeplaneti sikufutshane Umhlaba ngaphezu inkwenkwezi wethu.

Nokuba umzimba inkulu zesibhakabhaka Bajikeleza inkwenkwezi elincinci kakhulu (ngamanye amaxesha okanye amakhulu amaxesha) ngaphezu into engundoqo yale nkqubo. Ngapha koko, ukuba kungenjalo, izijikelezi-langa babengayi ukujikeleza inkwenkwezi, kodwa nje eyahlukileyo. Kodwa ke oku kuchasene yonke imithetho iphela.

isiphelo

Ngokusekelwe kulwazi ukuba izazinzulu ziye zafumanisa malunga isixhobo kuphela yeyethu, kodwa nakwezinye iinkqubo inkwenkwezi, impendulo umbuzo kanene yiyiphi na enkulu, inkwenkwezi okanye umhlaba okungummangaliso. izidumbu ezincinci ezigxile ngakumbi. Le izijikelezi-langa zijikeleza ngeenxa zonke inkwenkwezi, ngoko ke inkwenkwezi mkhulu lee ubukhulu kunye nobunzima babo.

Ukongeza, umbuzo kanene yiyiphi na enkulu, inkwenkwezi okanye umhlaba, okanye satellite, impendulo iya kuba njalo. Ngaphandle ukucacisa ukuba isathelayithi yokuqala nendawo eyayisaya emhlabeni wabo, yaye emva koko kuphela zombini ezi imizimba enye ixhomekeke inkwenkwezi yayo.