Yintoni na kwihi ziimpethu tyaba kwaye ngeenxa zonke? iimpawu zothelekiso ziimpethu tyaba kwaye ngeenxa

ntshulube tyaba kwaye ngeenxa bayazibuza ukufa uzuko Izimfimfithi eziyingozi zabantu kunye nezilwanyana. Ngoko, ulwazi malunga neempawu yesakhiwo kunye nokusebenza akayi yingozi sonke. Yintoni na kwihi ziimpethu tyaba ujikajikeleza, ziziphi iimpawu umahluko, zinokuba yingozi? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo inokufumaneka kwinqaku lethu.

Yintoni na kwihi ziimpethu tyaba kwaye ngeenxa

Umzimba zombini ntshulube tyaba kwaye ngeenxa kwasekwa kwezi kwizihlunu eyenza amalungu kunye neenkqubo zabo. Khumbula ukuba coelenterates izilwanyana azinazo ezi zakhiwo. Jellyfish kunye polyp luqulathe iiseli ezahlukeneyo ezizodwa. Uphawu eqhelekileyo ke side umzimba ziimpethu ngeentlobo zombini, kunye nobukhulu abameli babo, leyo ziyahluka ngokubanzi.

Ngoko ke, flatworm amaphelo iinkomo - tapeworm lenkomo, ikhula ukuya kwiimitha ezili-10. Kodwa pinworm ngeenxa ayifiki idlula-10 mm. Noko ke, ubukhulu babo alichaphazeli ubungakanani umonakalo omkhulu ngokulinganayo.

Ukuthelekiswa ziimpethu tyaba kwaye ngeenxa

yokuhlala

Abameli flatworms njengoko ngeenxa zonke, olwaye lwamfimfitha kwi izibilini izilwanyana ezininzi kunye nabantu. Kuyo kuqala incamathele kweendonga zawo esebenzisa izakhiwo ezizodwa ibekwe kwicala phambi komzimba. Hi xikombiso, le liphiko isibindi emlonyeni sokufunxa kunye tapeworm ventral kunye yehagu - nkawu namagwegwe. Ziintshulube imizimba ufakelo efanayo bengengabo, ngoko ke kufuneka siqhubeke ezihamba intlama ukutya. Ngoko ke, amile, leyo ngokutya igazi kule mithambo we emathunjini amancinci somntu, "ukuhamba" ngomzimba kunye current igazi neoksijini.

Phakathi flatworms kwaye iintlobo free-ophilileyo. Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo planarian kakuhle entsha, amachibi ityuwa kunye hlathi. Iphila ngokuzingela izilwanyana ezincinane: intlanzi, hydroids, kwindawo isinambuzane kunye nezinye ntshulube.

indlela yokuphila

Yintoni na kwihi ziimpethu tyaba kwaye ngeenxa zonke? Okokuqala, ngendlela ekumfimfitheni yobomi. ke ukuba bafikelele kwiminyaka aqolileyo ngokwesini, kufuneka bangenele umjikelo wobomi ezintsonkothileyo. Ngoko ke, worms ngeenxa - irhorho womntu, nibizwayo Trichinella, kwinkqubo yophuhliso athathelwa indawo ngabanini eziliqela. Iihagu bane kwindawo yazo, esidla ukubhalwa nezinye inyama ezahlukeneyo zezilwanyana bosulelekile. Okulandelayo iza uphuhliso lwabo kunye nokungeniswa cysts imicu izihlunu ziimpethu. A onesibetho Trichinella esidla kakubi-kwenziwa hagu inyama. Kulo emathunjini, lo ezidla sisidleleli ishiya cyst, ithuthela kwaye liyinxalenye ijwabu kwezihlunu.

mpethu Flat - sisidleleli Iphiko ikati - kumjikelo yobomi yayo senzeka umzimba onke ezimbini esiphakathi: isilwanyana nentlanzi. Kuphela ke kokuqola Harassment imibhobho kwesibindi abantu kunye nezilwanyana iintlanzi-esidla: iikati, izinja, beziingcuka eziqwengayo.

umzimba uvuleke

Ngokususela kwidatha, oluqulathe itafile, ziintshulube eziliqela iimpawu thuthu eso sakhiwo. Enye yazo ukuvela lapho umzimba. Xa flatworms ngayo emsebenzini ngokupheleleyo. umzimba yabo atshabalalisa kwi dorsoventrally kwaye imilo noxwebhu okanye iribhoni. Izikhewu phakathi imizimba abanayo, ngokuba bezele nge uhlobo kwizicwili - parenchyma.

Xa ziintshulube kubonakala lweHo- umzimba zaseprayimari. osemqoka kwayo kukungabikho self-yethemba. Phakathi abasemagunyeni rhoqo ujikeleza fluid esiswini, izalisekisa umsebenzi obalulekileyo. Athwala ioksijini ancedisana amalungu, kunye imibhobho excretory to - iimveliso ekupheleni ukutya. Ekubeni ulwelo esiswini iphantsi koxinzelelo, oko kuthetha ekugcinweni ziintshulube omzimba shape rhoqo.

Iimpawu ekugayeni

umahluko omkhulu kuba ezi ntlobo zezilwanyana kwaye ingakumbi isakhiwo kwinkqubo yokwetyisa. Abameli flatworms, kungakhathaliseki ukuba indlela yabo, babe umlomo kunye emathunjini, esiphela ongayaziyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngeke ngexesha elifanayo ukufunxa ukutya zigutyula ngayo undigested. A intshulube bevalelwe ngokupheleleyo emathunjini, ufunxe njengokuba sele zifunxe izinto ukusuka mithambo ye emathunjini amancinci izilwanyana.

ntshulube Round - izinambuzane ngokusebenzisa asemathunjini. Oku kubangela indlela kakhulu emzimbeni. Ngenxa kule sakhiwo, lo kukhuthaza iintsalela undigested musa kuphazamisa ubonelelo lamaqhosha ezintsha.

Ubume kweenkqubo ilungu le

yonke le nkqubo lwemizimba ziimpethu tyaba kwaye ngeenxa banezinto ezininzi abafana ngazo. kele zawo thaca ulusu-kwimisipha bag. Esi sakhiwo iqulathe iiseli epithelium ukutyabeka kwaye izaleko ezininzi izihlunu ingxaki kubo. Loo isakhiwo kwenza kube lula ukuhambisa intshulube esebenzayo emajukujukwini. Gas exchange zingangeni inkqubo yokwabiwa nawo indlela efanayo.

luvo eliquka iindawo kunye neenkqubo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo enomthwalo ntshulube. Ngokubanzi, ukuba ibekwe ekupheleni phambi komzimba. Oku amehlo ukukhanya-sensitive, seta ilingu okanye papillae, amaqumrhu imbono kwemichiza kunye nokulinganisela. Nangona umahluko omkhulu kwizinto zexabiso uhlobo uhlelo zokuzala, iintshulube tyaba kwaye ngeenxa babe nqanaba ezifanayo zophuhliso. Le iqanda, umbungu kunye abadala eziphilayo.

Meaning flat and ziintshulube

Ukuhlaziya worms kufana caba ejikelezileyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ndithethe ngendima ngokobugcisa kwezi zilwanyana. Parasitizing e eziphilayo, Abulala iimveliso zabo metabolic. Umzekelo, flukes kubangela ukudumba kwesibindi, bile duct udonga intshabalalo. Intshulube, ukufunxa izondlo kunye neevithamini kumamkeli ephilayo, kukhokelela ekubeni komzimba wayo, ubuthathaka kunye nokulahlekelwa sezingqondweni. zilwanyana Round abatshabalalise abaninzi kwisityalo, ebangela umonakalo elibalulekileyo kwisityalo. Luphawu eyaziwa inyongo, kunye isiqu ingqolowa nematode.

ntshulube tyaba kwaye ngeenxa zonke ingxaki enkulu kwimpilo yabantu. Ukunqanda ukusuleleka, kufuneka ukuba badle iziqhamo kakuhle ndahlamba kunye nemifuno, inyama ubushushu kakubi kunye nentlanzi, musa ukusela amanzi unboiled, bathobele imithetho kococeko lomntu buqu.

Ngoko ntshulube tyaba kwaye ngeenxa zonke iimpawu ezininzi ezifanayo zesakhiwo. Ezi ziquka: yokuhlala, side, indlela ekumfimfitheni yobomi, ubukho ngeengcamba ezintathu emzimbeni, ukungabikho kwegazi. Noko ke, ziintshulube eziliqela ezinga eliphezulu. Okokuqala, oko ke kukho umngxuma eziziiprayimari ngokusebenzisa emathunjini.