Kwitekisi: ukwenza njani kwaye wenze okubhaliweyo kube lula ukufunda. kwitekisi siyavakala kwaye lwesemantiki

izigidi ezininzi zeetekisi bazalwa yonke imihla. amaphepha Virtual ivula kakhulu kangangokuba kunqabile ukuba bathobele accounting. Izigidi zabantu ubhala ngokwenzekileyo iziganeko zabo ebomini, chaza isenzeko, xoxa iindaba, share esisebenzayo, epapashwe udliwano, dala amabali, babhale imibongo, amabali, iinoveli, kwaye nkqu iinoveli. Le asinto uluhlu alupheli zezinto ezenziwa luluntu kwi-network, kodwa kukho licandelo eqhelekileyo - soloko kudala itekisi kunye nesakhiwo ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ngokucophelela.

Kukho isakhiwo yesicatshulwa, ngokulula waqonda, kodwa kukho kwakhona omnye apho Ukuqonda akukho ilula kakhulu. Cinga ezinye iindidi izinto okubhaliweyo, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - uya kunika iingcebiso malunga nokudalwa itekisi efana, ekulula nekhawulezayo ukufunda beqonda kakhulu.

Ubume wesicatshulwa. uhlobo

Kuxhomekeka umsebenzi lweziqalelo ayalelayo zezi creator ngamnye. Asingabo bonke ababhali banako ukuyenza loo nto, kuba ujika ukuba ezinye iitekisi bade kwikonw ngekona baqonda ngokupheleleyo, ngoxa abanye kuyanyanzeleka ukuba ndiqale uhlele amagama kwisivakalisi ukufumana intsingiselo. Indlela ukunciphisa nokungaqondi isiphithiphithi?

Kwengcaciso epheleleyo, isakhiwo okubhaliweyo zahlulo eziliqela nokuphathwa kakubi ngokwezigaba. Isicatshulwa kufuneka ibe header ukuba akunakwenzeka ukuphoswa, yaye inxalenye ephambili, njengoko umthetho, yahlulwe zibe yimihlathi enentsingiselo. Plus ukwandisa kakhulu imbono umgangatho namagama nezintlu. I-core inokuba nelayo - zangaphakathi - Isakhiwo umbhalo (kuxhomekeke imisebenzi ejongene ngumbhali nokufuna).

Nditsho kumsinga isenesazela umbhali Irish Joyce kwincwadi yakhe ephawulekayo "Ulysses" yakhiwe ngenkuthalo kwaye ugqame. It has isakhiwo yaso - chaos ngobugcisa odwa. Kwaye, umzekelo, itekisi ishishini kufuna indlela eyahlukileyo zihlanganise. Okokuqala, kufuneka uqonde iifomu ekhoyo kunye neentlobo yokubhala yalondolozwa.

Isakhiwo sangaphakathi kunye neentlobo zayo

1. Icandelo ubhalo. Iimpawu: kumhlathi ngamnye phakathi kwentsingiselo enxulumene elidlulileyo, ngokuthe ngqo okanye ngokungathanga ngqo, nokuqhubeka intsingiselo yalo. Izikhokelo Practical, amanqaku, iinkcazelo, ngamafutshane, yonke into iphantsi igama elithi "umbhalo ishishini", lubonakala ngokuba licandelo enengqiqo, lwesihloko. Alithandabuzeki elokuba, le yindlela elula kakhulu ukubhala izicatshulwa, yaye imbono yabo. Ingakumbi lula le ndlela, uhlalutyo yesicatshulwa, kwaye ingakumbi ngokukhawuleza ekhethe aba kwizigqibo ezilandelayo.

Umzekelo, apha komhlathi wokuqala, umbhali uchaza indlela yokusebenzisa isakhiwo ubhalo ingxenye yombhalo. Eyesibini sicaphula umzekelo yokwakha. Okulandelayo iya kuqwalaselwa uhlobo ilandelayo lwesakhiwo. Njengoko ubona, yonke into elula. Isakhiwo ubhalo wesicatshulwa Ifezekisa uqhubeka kuqalile kwi ingentla apha imihlathi.

2. Isakhiwo pyramidal. Olu hlobo luphawu lokubhala feed iindaba kunye neendaba ukhulule. Iphiramidi ujika ngamahla-phantsi ngenxa noseko lwalo esibanzi, oko kukuthi, kwasekuqaleni, umbhali ubeka zonke iinkcukacha ezisisiseko. Ngaphezu koko, nje ofumana iinkcukacha atyhila uqobo.

Umgaqo zepiramidi zocaphulo inceda umfundi ukuba afunde ekunene ebalulekileyo: yintoni eli nqaku ingaba unomdla kulo, ukuba uyafuna ukufunda ngakumbi, siphengulule iinkcukacha. Kodwa ke into enika umdla kukuba enoba umsebenzisi kuvala i window kwikhusi, ingcamango esisiseko, nto leyo ethetha ukuba itekisi yonke yeshishini, ukuba sele ufunde. Ngamafuphi, ngamafuphi, amabinzana ulwazi kakhulu - isitshixo empumelelweni. Kuthiwa ukuba kungenzeka ukwenza itekisi ngokuchanekileyo. Umsebenzi eyenziwa ngumbhali.

3. FAQ-isakhiwo. Itekisi le leta kakhulu okufana kokupapashwa ndlebe, okanye imiqolo ngeempendulo zemibuzo edla ngokubuzwa. Kulula ukufumana ingqiqo nentsingiselo: kumhlathi ngamnye kukho mnye kuphela isibini - umbuzo kunye nempendulo.

Oku ngenene kunceda ukufezekisa okubhaliweyo unobumba igumbi ekuqaleni umxholo anonxibelelwano ulwazi. Kulo mzekelo, funda eninzi itekisi olungeyomfuneko ayikho kuyimfuneko, kwaye ngoko nangoko ukufumana iimpendulo kwimibuzo abafundi '.

4. isakhiwo Commercial. Umsebenzi ophambili yokuthengisa kwaye ikopi yeentengiso ukuthengisa okanye ukukhuthaza. Kufuneka sifumane indlela lifutshane kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba impendulo into engaba umxhasi: lidini umnxeba, ubhaliso, kuthengwe iimpahla okanye odolwa kweenkonzo. Kungenxa kwisiphumo isakhiwo kwesicatshulwa intengiso idaliwe kunye nokusetyenziswa imifanekiso nokuthengisa. Ngokomzekelo, yeAIDA. It iqulathe izigaba ezine, ezichaza iimpawu ezisisiseko izinto zetekisi. Kuyimfuneko ukuba alumkise ukuba le isakhiwo ayisekelwanga intsingiselo yetekisi, ubuhle okanye guquki. Apha ke sisiphumo eyodwa kwaye kubaluleke kakhulu. Ubume wesicatshulwa zentengiso ngokusekelwe koko.

5. Indlela edityanisiweyo. Le ndlela uphawu iiblogu. Amaninzi, le webhlogi kuqala baziswe malunga isiganeko (kwaye yiyo esetyenziswa yi isakhiwo iphiramidi ngayo kwitekisi yoncwadi), yaye emva koko ohambisana iingcinga zakhe ngalo mbandela okanye ahlalutye, oko kukuthi, ukwakha itekisi, ayalelayo kube ngokulandelelana.

Ukusebenzisa imodeli zidityanisiwe, kufuneka silumke kunene; ulwazi oluthile okanye iindaba, ixutywe uhlalutyo nefilosofi homespun, idala chaos ngokweembono womfundi.

6. Isakhiwo bahlupheke. Ukudideka okwenzekayo xa umbhali akakwazi ukusebenza njani na umbandela, kwaye uthi ukuba ubume umbhali ngayo kwitekisi yoncwadi.

Noko ke, nabaqondisi smart waqonda ukuba kuveze ezingqondweni lwabathengi maxa wambi iluncedo kakhulu. Kubafundi ubuhlakani ulahlekisa xa imfuneko ukunyelisa abantu, iinkampani, nkqu oorhulumente - nayiphi ngabom kalula ngenxa isakhiwo umbhodamo ngayo izicatshulwa.

Indlela yokwahlula zibe yimihlathi

Umfundi kufuneka kube lula ukufunda intsingiselo yetekisi, ngoko yonke umaleko wahlulwe laziinyama iliso ifikeleleke ngakumbi. division ezincinane kakhulu, kodwa uyakhululeka ingqalelo. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba ubume lwesemantiki okubhaliweyo nto izifeleyo neqwengiweyo, ukuya kumhlathi umhlathi.

Imihlathi kufuneka athobele kumbutho jikelele yesicatshulwa, nokuba ukuba zahluke ifomu yaye iveza ezahlukeneyo, njengoko umbuzo kunye nempendulo, njengoko sisibonelelo enye, njengoko umaleko ube mnye itekisi uluhlu okanye locaphulo. Kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba intsingiselo akufuneki nanini na ukuba anyhashwe, kwanokuba loo mhlathi nangayiphi na indlela bucala. Nokubi, ukuba kulo lonke umsebenzi okhethiweyo kuthetha ukutshintsha: isimbo, ulwimi, uhlobo ntetho, nangona kumhlathi ngamnye kufuneka ube iyunithi ezizimeleyo intsingiselo.

izibonelo

isakhiwo Apha zenziwa ngokuchanekileyo na itekisi yezenzululwazi umhlathi:

• Lidla ngengxaki eqhelekileyo ukuba kwenzeka kule nkqubo - ukuba ukuchonga siphelo imigudu. Sokuveza kakhulu epheleleyo nomxholo - umsebenzi omkhulu, kodwa aninako niyibeke phambili. Ukuze enze konke wamitha kwaye zingabuthisi isifundo close kodwa inkcazelo ingento, kusetyenziswa indlela yokufumanisa ukuba le ngxaki. Phambi kokuba uqale, kufuneka iqulunqe kwisivakalisi zonke ekucetywa ukuba adlulisele uluntu. Ngaloo ndlela, uya kuvela isakhiwo ubhalo kwisicatshulwa. Ngaphandle naziphi na iingxaki kuboniswa umsebenzi uba ngamazwi okanye ukuhlanganiswa abanobuchule.

yakhiwa structure of kwitekisi yoncwadi:

• Ivan, luqhutywa ngumoya, ngokukhawuleza uya endleleni. Ngoko ngokukhawuleza izibawu nkqu ilifu esibhakabhakeni phezulu waphantse wayeka, ulindile. Oko kuya uthi kuye umntu, outstripping umoya? Umntu baqubuda, babambelela amazinyo akhe, maqhuqhuva kuphela ukudlala cheekbones eziphakamileyo, yaye uhamba, uhamba. Phantse iyasebenza. Akukho ilifu iyafika naye, kodwa ngenxa elahlekileyo uthando nobudenge.

Nemizekelo emibini imihlathi zakhiwe ngokungachanekanga, leyo yayikukwaphula isakhiwo lwesemantiki yombhalo:

• Kufuneka wazi xa ekupheleni komsebenzi, kunye nesicwangciso somsebenzi. Iinjongo Inkqubo abulawe kunye nokuchazwa izihloko kufuneka ukuphepha ulwazi ngokubalisa kwakhona. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuvumela kuqulunqo. Kunyanzelekile ukuba ukuqulunqa ingxaki kunye nesakhiwo sesicatshulwa kwisivakalisi efanayo. Baleka wahlela yonke - umsebenzi omkhulu.
• Cloud Ivan Walinda endleleni ukuthetha uthando lwakhe ebilahlekile. Kodwa Ivan wayehamba ngokukhawuleza kangangokuba Wawafumana umoya. amazinyo akhe. Wayeza kuthi?

Nangona umzekelo nevuthisayo, nangona intsingiselo ingqiqo ukuba ndihluthwe ngokupheleleyo. Kukho isakhiwo ethile itekisi yoncwadi ecwangcisiweyo, kodwa hayi mayicaciswe gca. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba umfundi unako ukufumana ulwazi ayinqwenelayo kangangoko uhlobo kunokwenzeka zifikeleleke, ukuze okubhaliweyo ayikho wadinwa nto, hayi edidayo.

analysis umbhalo

Kubalulekile ukuba bagcine nemithetho yokukhethwa nokulungisa isakhiwo phantsi emlonyeni le ngxaki eziphambili ezibangelwe eziphathekayo. Itekisi xa imveliso enentsingiselo intetho kufuneka ube ubuhlobo ingqinelane lwesemantiki yaye ukucoca iliso ecacileyo, ngenxa kunye nomfanekiso ingqibelelo.

Ubume bokubhaliweyo ngolwimi Russian angenela, oko kukuthi, kufuneka ukulilulamela kunye nenjongosenzi ukumelwa lomsebenzi, inkqubo kanye, eyona njongo iphambili, zonke iindlela ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye siphumo. Ukubunjwa ngqo yeekhomponenti abonisa mpawu zilandelayo: Umxholo-zokusebenza, esebenza kunye bakhe boqhagamshelwano.

Uhlalutyo umbhalo iqhubeka Ipharamitha ngemithamo kunye makrosemantiki, ngemithamo kunye lwestraksha. Semantics ukwenza imisebenzi soqhagamshelwano ukudluliselwa kolwazi, kunye nesakhiwo kugqiba iimpawu lombutho lwangaphakathi iiyunithi yombhalo. Ukudlala indima ubudlelwane kunye neepateni zonke iiyunithi ngaphakathi kwemida uxwebhu lonke, umyalezo owodwa.

isakhiwo Composite nezangaphakathi

Lo structuring lwangaphandle beqela, ngokutsho apho kuyimfuneko ukwakha izivakalisi, imihlathi, imihlathi, sub-amacandelo, izahluko, sub-isahluko, isahluko, njalo njalo ukuze unyuka. Isakhiwo engaphandle wesicatshulwa engagqibekanga kuphela ukwadityaniswe umbutho eyiyo olwenzeka ngaphakathi kokubhaliweyo, kufana nokwakha ibhulorho ukusuka Intshayelelo: UYobi.

Yenza umbhalo ekunokuthi kusekelwe phezu ulwazi malunga nesakhiwo sayo lwangaphakathi, kwaye ke:

• ingxelo (isiphakamiso hlobo);
• iingxelo ezininzi ngokuhambisana umanyano phakathi-ibinzana, bamanyene enye yaye syntactically kwaye semantically;
• ziqwenga inter-ibinzana ezininzi ezakha ibhloko kunye nokunxibelelana okubhaliweyo eziphuma uqhagamshelwano lwe intsingiselo kunye nomxholo.

Units kwesicwangciso syntactic kwaye zizonke njalo ezihambelanayo. Oku kuthetha iimpawu zesimbo kunye nesimbo kwisicatshulwa. Egqitywe ngale ndlela nokusebenza - Ngaba lo msebenzi wobugcisa, ezenzululwazi kunye njalo njalo. Ukongeza, naluphi na unxibelelwano ukongeza neempawu zesimbo nobuntu yombhali.

Ubume wesicatshulwa advertising

1. Isihloko. Kwindawo yokuqala umfundi uhlawula ingqalelo kule element. Kufuneka ube ngqo, kodwa ke ziyafundisa,, intsingiselo yokuqala ngqo. A Isihloko elungileyo inika umnqweno aqhelane okubhaliweyo engundoqo. Ngokunqwenelekayo lonke uhlobo olukhethiweyo ukusuka eziliqela Kuqulunqwe ngexesha umsebenzi yombhalo.

2. An isiqendu esiyintshayelelo. Yena kubalulekile ukuba abaphulaphuli ekujoliswe kulo, kuba nomdla ingqalelo ibambe. Ihlelo kucace kakhulu apha isasazeka njani umxholo wesicatshulwa, kodwa siqhutywa ufunda inqaku kude kube sekupheleni. Ukuba kufanelekile, uvunyelwe ukuba umcimbi, Kakade ke, ukuba unalo nemvo zinkulu. Ukungena kuyilo inxalenye intshayelelo, ufuna ukuqonda kakuhle kwaye ongase kunye neemfuno zabo neengxaki, izigqibo zabo zonke zazibonakala imigca yokuqala.

ezinye okufihliweyo

imithetho esekwe kakuhle, ngokufuthi ekungathethwayo, sisazi ukuba, unako ukuthintela iimpazamo copywriters abo basandula kuqalisa kunye rewriter. Ngcali ngaphandle ukusetyenziswa phindwe ezifana "Wamkelekile kwi kwivenkile yethu." iinkosi okwenyaniso amabinzana ezingundoqo na inkunkuma: kubhaliwe kwathiwa ukwazisa kwisicatshulwa ilizwi izihlandlo ezine, ngoko ke sesihlanu angeke. Ithunyelwe ngobuninzi babo iba kakhulu buthuntu. Ngaphezu koko, lo mbhalo unika umfundi intembelo kwimveliso zipapashiweyo. "Ngqo" unako yaye uya kusivusa isikali, kodwa walahlekelwa ingqalelo zabathengi. Umbhali olungileyo akayi ubhale "Tolstoyan" elide izindululo slozhnosochinonnymi intabalala inxaxheba kunye namabinzana ebelidlula ngomlomo. Nceda qaphela ukuba iitekisi zentengiso sifunde kwikonw ngekona.

Umthetho ilandelayo - akukho cliches kunye neepatheni. Zonke iintlobo yokuvakalisa esekwe kakuhle kungcono ukulibala ngokupheleleyo, ukudala itekisi yokuqala.

imifanekiso

Per ezingu amawaka, kungakuhle ukuba ukukhetha umfanekiso. Kufuneka ibe weendawo ngokungqongqo. ubungakanani bomfanekiso kukhethiwe ngokungqinelana ne-msebenzi. Ukuba umfanekiso kangangoko ulwazi kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ubukhulu bayo enkulu, ukuba akunjalo - lingaphantsi.

Isihlokwana kunye nomhlathi

Engezansi - izinto Baya kuma phambi kokubhala okubhaliweyo isicwangciso esineenkcukacha. Kubhetele ukuba ukhethe iinketho onke amanqanaba wesibini nowesithathu. Iziqendu isiqulatho iphambili wesicatshulwa ngokufutshane izotywe yi kwisiqendu sokuqala. Apha zonke iinkcukacha emiselweyo ingcaciso echaphazelekayo amanani omangalisayo zentetho xa ecacisa iingenelo zesifundo ezipapashiweyo. Kwaye apha akayi kukushiya ingqiqo zombhali zinkulu!

uluhlu

yenzelwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye nokucacisa wenza phezulu, oko kuyanceda ukuze adlulisele:

• yonke enye inzuzo into iintengiso;
• ububanzi amandla enikezelwe imveliso okanye inkonzo;
• uluhlu lwe Uluhlu lwemveliso banikela;
• iimpawu athelekisekayo nomgangatho ezikhethekileyo into ezipapashiweyo;

Ukongeza, le isakhi inceda ezikwi ngexesha odolo okanye ubhaliso.

Asinako ukuvumela ukwenza uluhlu:

• Sebenzisa amagama kuphela - ithambo, ngaphandle "inyama" ngomlomo;
• phambi yamakhonknco;
• yobunzima xa usenza uluhlu;
• ulwazi izivakalisi eninzi imihlathi.

itheyibhile

Kuyinto wayexatyiswa kuyimfuneko kwaye iluncedo kakhulu. Ngokucacileyo libonisa iimpawu othelekiso, inkqubela, umva, izakhiwo ezinkulu isicatshulwa. Yenza uluhlu, Kakade ke, kulula, kodwa itafile ngokwegrafu. Ingenza nawuphi na sihlandlo, nkqu ukwazisa nje, kubani, nini, phi, umzekelo, wagqiba ukunxiba cufflink, nengubo yokwaleka, yaye ngoobani. Xa ikholam lwe iphawu lemifanekiso uboniso eyahlukileyo enika ukhetho ngakumbi impahla yintoni evenkileni atshiphu, yaye yintoni ungathenga ngokukhawuleza oku.

Motivation ukuba uthenge

Kwaye apha isebenza kakuhle kakhulu uluhlu elifutshane kodwa silandeleke, sibona ukuba yonke into engcono ehlabathini, nguwe. Umsebenzi ophambili we inxalenye yokugqibela inqaku - ekugqibeleni ukuqinisekisa umxhasi amgxothe onke amathandabuzo iingxoxo ecacileyo kwaye ngobunono uzise ukhetho oluchanekileyo kuphela. Njengoko ukhetho - ukusetyenziswa echo-amabinzana, uphindaphinde engundoqo ingcamango kwiindinyana, classically ugcwalise inqaku izaziso.