Yintoni basil? imbewu basil, izithole, ukutyala

Ngokuqinisekileyo umntu ngaphezu kwesinye wambi ndazibuza ukuba yintoni na nebheyizile. Kubonakala ukuba abazaziyo yonke imifuno, ukuze aphathe nje ngayo kwaye kukhangeleka ngayo - leyo ngokwenene ukwazi kancinane.

Yintoni basil?

Basil (in Greek - "Royal") - enye oyithandayo ubulawu, inzalelwane Asia, kumaxesha amandulo yaba ndaba bomntu eCeylon, Greece, Iran ne India, kwaye amaNdiya ingqalelo kuye "ukudlula" amagqabi ngaphakathi kwiparadesi efile. Izidanga, umsebenzi nebheyizile kwafunyanwa iiphiramidi baseYiputa, nto leyo ibonisa ukuba iminyaka elikhulu kwisityalo. Kwiincwadi zakhe, le imifuno amayeza okhankanywe uAvicenna, noHippocrates noPliny lexicographer wamaRoma. KubeLungu ixesha elide uphuma kwenye inkcubeko okubabayo simenze; Kwakukho inkolelo yokuba esi sityalo uqalekisiwe, yaye ivumba layo, umntu osebenza ngomlingo siguqule yokugqibela ibe unomadudwane. Kuphela emva amakhulu ambalwa, Yurophu ndisakuthanda ngokupheleleyo oko nebheyizile, wamthanda ngenxa isongo ezimnandi kunye amayeza. E Italy ke kwakuhlwa ingqalelo ufuzisela wenzala kunye nosapho kakuhle-ntle.

imbonakalo

Enomtsalane imbonakalo nebheyizile: Ifom zokuhombisa entle ityholo branched (ukuya kwi-60 cm ngobude) kunye namagqabi lume-okweqanda ecwebezelayo, kombala leyo iyahluka ukusuka ohlaza uyakufika. Amaphetshana kwahluka nje kuphela lombala; e iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, inokuba dissimilarly emise: incence, elintlangothi idlakadlaka okanye iflethi nje. Yeyona livumba nguThixo yokugqibela yi sizathu siphambili ezikhulayo nebheyizile. Shinyi, lezikhinkci izityalo amalungiselelo racemiform yokudubula ngombala owahlukileyo (ukusuka sakuba ukuba limhlophe Violet). Ithuba eneentyatyambo kukuba ngoJulayi-Agasti; ngeli xesha nebheyizile yapapashwa isoya, ngenxa nokwanda zamafutha ebalulekileyo amagqabi, esisityebi kunene.

Basil: nokuqalisa

Mhlawumbi kukho iingcali uthanda ukuba ngesakhiwo yakho isoloko isinongo entsha. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukwazi ukuba ndilutyale njani nebheyizile. Kukhethwa ukuba uphume kwiindawo ezivulekileyo enelanga kunye kumhlaba otyebileyo. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba ngaxa lithile emhlabeni ukuze isityalo nebheyizile ngomgca akukhuthazwa kangangeminyaka eliqela, kungenjalo kuya kukhokelela sifo Fusarium, apho amabala brown ifomu amagqabi. Xa isityalo yangaphambili inkcubeko okuneziqholo ingatyalwa akukho ngokukhawuleza ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5. Kunqweneleka ukuba izandulela le nkcubeko kwakukho iitapile okuneziqholo, iitumato, cucumber kunye neembotyi.

izithole Basil etyalwe kwindawo evulekileyo kuphela ekuqaleni kukaJuni (ekukhethwa ukuba zibe ngorhatya okanye imini yamafu), kuba isityalo ubushushu-enothando kakhulu, nokuba ungenako ukubathwala amaqondo aphantsi kunye kuneqabaka ngesiquphe ngakumbi. Pre-kwakheke umhlaba lulandelayo: ngokuba imitha nganye square dibanisa 2 kg umgquba, umgquba kunye wamatye ngoko nangoko emva kokuba efike ngokuyintabalala ubunamanzi (sirhelele amanzi kukhethwa ashushu). Basil, nokuqalisa nto leyo nzima ukuba kulinywa kumgama 15-20 cm ngaphandle, umqolo izithuba kufuneka ibe malunga nama-30 cm.

Ukukhulisa imbewu izithole

Nangona izithole nebheyizile ethengiswa kwimarike, unga zama akhule kuyo ngokwakho - akuthathi kakhulu. Ukulungiselela le njongo, ekuqaleni kuka-Epreli ilizwe lizele zeendawana ogalelwe (umgquba, wamatye umhlaba umyezo Amanani alinganayo) malunga 1 cm kwiibhokisi olunzulu ifakwa imbewu ukuba ngenjongo kunokwenzeka pre-ukuntshula ziqhume kakhulu.

Phambi ekulimeni, umhlaba kucetyiswa ukuba ukunkcenkceshela isisombululo ilandelayo: iilitha 5 zamanzi ukunyibilika ½ amacephe iti urea, superphosphate, potassium chloride kunye potassium sulphate. imbewu Basil isiqhuma kakuhle kubushushu degrees 25-28, ngoko umthamo okulindelekileyo amahlumelo abaselula kuhlawulwa yi iglasi eqhelekileyo okanye ifilimu. izithole Basil ivele ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo sele 7-8 iintsuku. Kwaye kuqikelelwa izityalo ukuba akukho mfuneko; inkalo ebalulekileyo ngeli xesha yamanzi ngexesha. Asinako ukuvumela umhlaba amanzi, kungenjalo kwisityalo bayagula baze bafe.

Unga kuhlwayela imbewu nebheyizile kanye emhlabeni evulelekileyo vee wenza ukuba intshule ngokukhawuleza Kucetyiswa ukuba kuthungwa ngayo ngefoyile ye de ukuvela izithole.

basil Care

Indlela ukutyala nebheyizile ngendlela eqondakalayo umgaqo. Kodwa emva kokuba kunjalo kufuneka nenyameko, ezibandakanya ukunkcenkceshelwa ngexesha (njengoko omiswe of the soil), kunye isondlo rhoqo (kanye ngenyanga kunye izichumisi initrogen, isenzo sakhe kujolise ekuvuseleleni ukukhula ubunzima eluhlaza ezityalo).

yokuvundisa Kuqala kwenziwa iintsuku ezili-12 emva kokuba kuhlwayelwe; Ungasebenzisa nitrofos, 2 tbsp. amacephe nto leyo efunekayo ukuze inyibilike iilitha ezili-12 zamanzi. OQhelekileyo oSetyenziswa 1 sq nganye. imitha waba iilitha 3-4 zesakhiwo uzilungiselele.

olunokuphuhlisa yesebe nebheyizile ngokususa neziqu kubonakala; Amagqabi abaselula nokwalekwa kwamantloko kulo mzekelo kuya kuba lula ukuba kunqumle a ixesha kabini.

Ezicetyiswayo izihlandlo eziliqela lonyaka ukwenza izityalo nokuchithwa evela ukhula kwaye bezikhulule umhlaba, emva kokuba izityalo kufuneka yanelisekile.

Basil ayinyangeki ngokwaneleyo inkangeleko izinambuzane nezifo, ukusuka apho kuyingozi amabala kunye blackleg. Baya ezinokubangelwa yamanzi ngokugqithiseleyo. Ukuphelisa esi sifo kucetyiswa ukuba ukuqokelela izityalo ababesifa, intshabalalo yabo ngokucokisekileyo imba umhlaba emva kokuvuna.

Zokucoca basil: Iimpawu

Zokucoca nebheyizile kwenzeka njengoko bekhula zikhethwe. Ekuqaleni kweentyatyambo inqunyulwe amasetyana kakhulu elimnandi kunye amagqabi, ukuqokelelwa kuyo bekufunwa ukwenza ngenyameko, ukusika okanye akrazule amagqabi mnye, ukuba siphephe umthi ezweni isityalo engundoqo. NgoJulayi, nomphakamo 15-20 cm unqanyulwe kwiindiza nebheyizile, kunye nezityalo ngokwabo - ukhula, ndigalele umgquba nitrate kunye ngokuchanileyo ugalele. Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba nebheyizile endle ukuya ekupheleni kuka-Agasti liza kubonelela ukukhula yesibini ebonakalayo amagqabi, leyo wonqanyulwa, angabikho phambi iqabaka. Womise okubonakalayo ziqokelelwe ezifunekayo emthunzini (zizithungu) kwisiza, apho ukuhamba rhoqo komoya ekhoyo.

imihlobo basil

1. nebheyizile (okanye izitiya). Kungenjalo ikwabizwa ngokuba camphor - kuba apile, efana kancinane ukuya cloves, incasa. Bajikeleza hlobo kulo lonke ihlabathi, amatyholo zayo ukufikelela kubude-50 cm.

2. Basil Brown. Igama lakhe yesibini - waseMexico. Isityalo ufikelela umphakamo sisiqingatha semitha, uye iintyatyambo ezimfusa, amagqabi incasa bokuhlala nesinamon.

3. Basil purple. Eli gama yaba amagqabi umbala - amakhulu, anencasa nenyama, lubonakala flavour noxhamla ubuncwane. Oku ke athandwa kakhulu phakathi kwezizwe zaseCaucasus; "Regan," kukho oko kuthiwa.

4. Lemon Basil. Obomeleleyo lemon ukunambitheka isongo - iimpawu ezikhethekileyo kule klasi, semi-ekusasazeni kwamatyholo, obubonakala ngokuba inani elikhulu ubunzima igqabi (250 grams ityholo nganye).

5. Basil msebe. Isityalo undersized, kunye melenkimi amagqabi esiqholiweyo, imilo ungqukuva, ukuphakama cm-15 kuphela. Amagqabi kunye namasebe sizalwa ivumba olomeleleyo clove. Basil zodonga iintlobo idla ngokusetyenziswa kwifomu umgubo njengoko isinongo ukuya izitya lokuqala nolo lukwizinga lesibini, kunye pickles kunye sauce njengoko cloves analog allspice. isongo enjalo amakha ayo ahlale iminyaka emi-3.

Iipropati oluncedo nebheyizile

A uyinxalenye exabisekileyo nebheyizile yenza le imifuno ithandwa kakhulu kwinani neminye imifuno. Inxalenye emhlabeni iqulethe isixa esikhulu iivithamini - A, C, PP, B2 - iswekile, eguqukayo kwaye carotene. Nangona kunjalo, ixabiso ephambili yi-oli kubalulekile ukuba ebangela imfuno kwisityalo incasa ethile kunye livumba elithozamisayo. Iqulethe inani elikhulu kwezinto ezibalulekileyo ezenza nebheyizile iye isetyenziswe ngempumelelo amayeza abantu njengoko indihlaziya, umchamo, antipyretic, arhente anti-ukudumba kunye antibacterial. infusions zakhe akhulule amahlaba, flatulence, ukuphucula ukugaywa; Kuyinto sixhobo sigqibeleleyo esetyenziswa ngamanzi umqala, Oluma eyalekeneyo kunye yokuthoba, rheumatism, kunye yintloko ukhululeke. Kwakhona, imifuno ezomileyo okanye fresh sisiseko yokuphilisa iibhate enuka kamnandi, eliphantsi luvo. Nutrients ezikhoyo izityalo (ingakumbi camphor), ukunceda ukomeleza inkqubo sentliziyo kunceda ukuba umzimba recovery ngempumelelo kwixesha postoperative.

Basil - on kwetafile nganye

Ngoko ke emva koko le nebheyizile? Le zizinongo omkhulu izitya inyama nentlanzi, babuye ibe yobuciko art zokupheka. Oku kusetyenziswa pickles kunikeza marinades, oko ezithandwa kakhulu kwi izitya Asia and Western; Armenia i isityalo spice ozithandayo kakhulu, ngaphandle leyo nje ukuqala ukutya. Thina Abkhazians, abalandeli wangumququzeleli womfuno okuneziqholo, akukho nokuba intetho ethi "Ngubani Basil nezetyisa, yena uphila ubomi obude."

Basil, ukumila kwayo compact, imibala enomtsalane, amagqabi kakuhle abebala incasa ethile mnandi zikhuliswa njengoko izityalo zokuhomba ngaphakathi. amatyholo aliqela nebheyizile sokutyala sebali, ngeke nje yomhombiso wakhe, kodwa uya kunandipha emnandi, kwaye okona kubalulekileyo - isinongo luncedo.