Yakov Kostyukovsky: engobomi, iifoto, iincwadi zeempendulo

Blockbusters ngexesha eSoviet kuhlala namhlanje, nkqu iyantlukwano ngoku bhanya, eyona ethandwa phakathi baseRashiya zesiqhelo. Sonke khumbula nithanda film "Diamond Hand", "Operation Y", "mbanjwa eCaucasus" yaye "nexoki incorrigible", kodwa bambalwa siyazi ukuba amaphepha zonke ezi mizobo yayibhalwe ngumntu omnye, umbhali, umbhali kunye nombhali iingoma Jacob Kostyukovsky. Isiphelo unike lo mntu italente yoncwadi kunye ingqiqo kakhulu uburharha, olo olwaye lwahlangula ubomi bakhe.

biography

Future Umbhali yiSoviet wazalelwa Ukraine kwidolophu encinane ebizwa ngokuba Zolotonosha kummandla Cherkasy Agasti 23, 1921, kwintsapho yamaYuda. Uyise kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi I, apho wazakhela ibhaso obekekileyo zomkhosi ngenxa isibindi nokuzinikela. Kuloo minyaka, abameli abantu bakhetha ukufumana i-George Cross kwakungenakwenzeka. Eli wonga wanikela inani amalungelo, kuquka ilungelo ukubhalisa kwisikolo ophambili, uyise Yakova Kostyukovskogo imbasa wanika umnakwabo wakhe, kangangokuba waba ngugqirha.

Kungekudala emva kokuzalwa, unyana wakhe, intsapho yakowabo yafudukela eKharkov, apho ke umbhali oselula. Le ntsapho hayi ngqo izithethe oosolusapho yamaYuda, kwaye umfana wayengazi Ukrainian kuphela Russian. Esengumntwana, uYakobi Kostyukovsky kwakunye a lot of fondini xesha, bayinqule kwaye ayeze nobuntu Stalin kaThixo. Noko ke, unina wachazela kuye ngokukhawuleza kakhulu, kunokuba ngempela iinkokeli 'odumileyo "abantu yaye kutheni indumiso yakhe radio nganye. kamva Kostyukovsky uthe-ndlebe ukuba kwesifundo sokuqala yezopolitiko.

Uphuhliso ubuchule bokuyila

I Seme Kostyukovsky rhoqo kakhulu wadibana, abantu umdla abafundileyo, kuquka Rabbi Sandler. Maxa wambi esathetha nkwenkwe, wambetha iingxelo zabo uhlakaniphile ngqo kunye look ngqindilili. Yakov Kostyukovsky wafunda ukufunda izihloko "Izvestia" phephandaba, nabo abahlobo kayise ngokufuthi bazizisa ndawonye iincwadi ezinomdla kunye namaphephancwadi ukuba inkwenkwe. Baxoxa Friendly ngayo uncwadi kunye nembali, uburharha elungileyo kunye nobuqabane - konke oku kube negalelo kuphuhliso ubuchule bokuyila komntwana.

Esikolweni, waya isangqa boncwadi, apho wafunda malunga neentlobo, iindlela neempawu umsebenzi zombhali. Ngoxa umfundi, awanibhalelayo lephephandaba udonga zezikolo amabali ahlekisayo, imibongo, epigrams, wayethanda ukuba labelane nabanye ngoko bakuqapheleyo kwaye baxabane kunye nabahlobo bakho. Abazali bazama ukuphuhlisa ubuchule yakhe yendalo wathumela uYakobi encinane studio boncwadi kwi Palace wesixeko Vulindlela ogama emva P. Postysheva. Yayiyindawo ekhethekileyo apho ababhali yavelisa amagqabi wazuza amava umbhali ngoko eyaziwa-NP Trubailina.

uqeqesho

Yakov Kostyukovsky ukususela ebuntwaneni hlukile ukunyamezela nokuzingisa esikolweni, isikolo eziphakamileyo wathweswa isidanga imbasa yegolide, kunye nemfundo ephakamileyo lo mfana waya eMoscow. Nangona kukho ukhuphiswano enkulu, ungeniswe odumileyo Institute of History, Literature Philosophy. Le eyunivesithi liqeqeshe abantu abaninzi abanetalente, kodwa kule minyaka-30 ezabelwe laba ukuzithandisa inkokheli, Stalin wacinga ukuba abafundi bayonyuselwa ukucinga okhululekileyo liberalism kwezopolitiko. Mhlawumbi ngenxa yesi sizathu, ngowe-1939 kunyaka wonke wokuqala, kuquka uYakobi Kostyukovsky athunyelwa ngaphambili ukuxhasa abantu benza ukulawula le Ukraine Koloni Belarus.

inkonzo Military wanika Yakovu Kostyukovskomu amava angathethekiyo, amava kunye nabahlobo abatsha. Emva konyaka, abafundi babuya ekholejini, kodwa isiphelo akazange avumele ukuba ukugqiba izifundo zam, iMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic.

indlela ebubuchule

Kuyo imfazwe Yakov Kostyukovsky kuye phambili, kulapha, phantsi iziqhushumbisi kunye iimbumbulu, ngokwenene ozelwe italente yakhe ahlekisayo. Le nkwenkwe nangoko bayamenywa ukuba "Moskovsky Komsomolets", kodwa ke umbhali oselula wavusa emibi kakhulu ukuba abaphathi abaphezulu yesihloko - kufa ngayo phantsi iimbumbulu Economic bangaqeqeshwanga. Inqaku yakhe ngokuba abaphathi ngumsindo, waza wathunyelwa ukuya phambili, kwi elingqingqwa, eli xesha othile yokulwa "Komsomolskaya PRAVDA".

Yakov Kostyukovsky akazange ahlale kwi imisele, yena ithathe inxaxheba ngokusebenzayo Idabi eMoscow, nkqu wafumana imbasa agqamileyo, uye kufika ngokuphindaphindiweyo phantsi fascists ngomlilo wahlatywa. Kwiimeko kakhulu loo mfana zange baphulukana nemvo yawo eyodwa uburharha, ngoko, xa imbambano nomnye yeenkokeli yembono ye-Young Communist League, waphendula wathi izityholo mbumbulu-up satirically kwaye ngobulungisa, kunokuba kwakhona wazuza esinye link.

Umsebenzi amaphephandaba

Kostyukovsky Jacob Aronovich njengonobhala lesigqeba iphephandaba "Kuba looMawokhulu!" Kwakhona wathumela phakathi kweziganeko zomkhosi, apha wabhala News yokuqala, kwaye, kakade, xa umxholo emkhosini. Abahlobo babethanda ibali, baza banikela intatheli oselula ukuthumela umsebenzi wakhe magazini "Ogonyok". Kukho News naye kukungcamla uhlelo, yaye kungekudala le ngcali lwapapashwa kanye ngexesha advance waseJamani kwi eMoscow. Nalo eli phephancwadi liza kuba ngenxa izinto ezininzi kubomi Yakova Kostyukovskogo, apho kamva wadibana M. M. Zoschenko kunye S. K. Oleshey, ababhali kunye ukudala lwencwadi "Ukuhleka -. Kungumbandela onzulu"

Emva kwemfazwe, umbhali ubuyela umhleli "Moskovsky Komsomolets", apho waqhubeka nomsebenzi wakhe zoncwadi. Enakho inani lamaphulo amatsha iphephandaba, ngoko wenza ikholam ahlekisayo "Strange kodwa yinyani '. amabali Yakova Kostyukovskogo kwaqala ukuvela kwezinye iimagazini Soviet "Crocodile", "Pepper" et al., yaye ngo-1952 engeniswa kwi-Union of Writers of Russia.

Ukusebenzisana nabanye ababhali

Emva kokushiya ubuntatheli ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokukhula nokonyanywa kwamaJuda eluntwini yiSoviet, Kostyukovsky uYakobi Aronovich kunye nenye umbhali sele-kusekwa ze-yaziwa kakuhle USEBENZE Bahnovym uqala ukusebenza kunye. Out of usiba ngaphandle iivesi zazo, imibongo satirical, satires, imizobo kunye reprises. umsebenzi wabo ebonakala ngamazinga aphezulu ulwimi obugcisa, ubhekisa uhlakaniphile, ukuba baye basebenzisana kunye nabadlali abadumileyo umculo Soviet. Ngokomzekelo, kubhaliwe Kostyukovskgo ongumnini iintetho eziliqela odumileyo Tarapulki kunye namagumbi plug zolinganiso A. S. Belova njalo njalo. D.

Isiphumo duo zabo zokuyila ziye thile mnogoaktovyh udlala "baphathwa casual" (1955), "Incwadi ngaphandle zintsomi" (1960) kunye nabanye. Ukubambisana yokugqibela yaba film "esingakhatyelwa zipalini" (1963).

Ukusebenza L. Gaidai

Incopho bebhalela Kostyukovskogo Yakova Aronovicha weza kwi 60s, xa wadibana uHorace MR Slobodsky, nabadumileyo umlawuli bhanya Leonidom Gaydaem. Le trio lokudala wanika abantu Russian ezi bhanya zakho ozithandayo, kudala babe ziyahlonelwa: "Operation Y neZinye Adventures Shurik" (1965), "mbanjwa eCaucasus" (1967) kunye "I-Diamond Ingalo" (1969).

Amabinzana ezi mizobo ukhumbula abahlali elalisakuba yiSoviet Union, elifutshane, funny kwaye ulwazi, ngokukhawuleza, waya ebantwini. Conciseness kwakuyinto ezikhethekileyo creative Yakova Kostyukovskogo. Iincwadi zeempendulo, iprozi, imibongo kunye satires umbhali waba ubutyebi yokwenene inkcubeko Russian lwekhulu XX.

isici

ezihlekisayo lakhe kuthiwa uburharha lobulumko, ngoko hlobo kunye nemifanekiso oludlamkileyo wajika Shurika, ixhaphaza okanye ukungenisa ukusilela. Kostyukovsky eyaphakanyiselwa bahleke ngu Ilf kunye Petrov, kwaye nootitshala bakhe ngqo baba Emile esifutshane UNikolai Erdman, ukuyilawula uncwadi Soviet ezihlekisayo. Umbhali ngokwakhe Kuyinto ebalulekileyo yomsebenzi wakhe umbhali, waphawula ukuba le nkundla kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukuhlela isiziba ayiphumelelanga kwaye ulivavanye kulo mdlalo olandelayo, le movie zonke ezibhaliweyo kanye kunye bonke.

Yakov Aronovich wagxininisa ukuba zonke amabinzana ndisazi iimovie dumeke yasungulwa kwakhona kwaye angenziwa kweminye imithombo okanye ezilula. Kunye ne Slobodsky Gaidai yaye bezama ukubona indlela ifanelekileyo kohlekayo, kuba ukuba kwakuyimfuneko ukuze uqonde ukuba funny mnye, kunye nabanye singafani. Kwaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, le joke kufuneka ibe 'ubomi ", ebotshelelwe imeko yokwenene nasengqondweni.

iincwadi

Yakov Aronovich akazange ukusebenza amabhaso nokuwuqaphela, lo gama injongo yayilula - ukuphumeza, bhala into ofuna ngayo yonke into. Kungekudala waziva ngovuyo umsebenzi creative, kuba ubhala kwakhe esikolweni. Lucky kunye Institute, kwi ziko walawula kakhulu umoya simahla, imo kwimibongo umngane. Kodwa ekugqibeleni ukuchaza umsebenzi wakhe Kostyukovsky wanceda imfazwe. Apha, kwiimeko loloyiko kunye neentlungu, usindiso nako kuyifumana ezihlekisayo.

Waqala ngokuba nombhali encinane Reprise, amabali ahlekisayo, imizobo kunye ezimfutshane ezinoburharha, kuphela emva ngentsebenziswano ne USEBENZE Bahnovym encwadini Yakova Kostyukovskogo "Unako ekhalazela" (1951), "Incwadi ngaphandle zintsomi" (1960), "lindani indawo yakho" (1954 ). Kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo kusebenza lincinane ngobukhulu, nto leyo kumagama ambalwa yabonisa iingcinga ngamanye amaxesha nzulu kakhulu. Zizo ezo odumileyo "Mamuarazmy" Yakova Kostyukovskogo, ezi ngxelo kubonakala iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zobomi ngokwahlukeneyo ngexesha lama odlulayo, apha umbhali wenza imigqaliselo bakhe amagorha nezigqibo ezibonakala ubomi bakhe elide. wayibiza kubo "ingxubevange memoirs nabalulamileyo kunye akunangqondo lula."

iingxaki yokuhlolwa

Nangona umoya inkululeko lula kuzo zonke bhanya kunye neencwadi zakhe, uYakobi Aronovich wabandezeleka kakhulu zamaqumrhu iliso imingcele eSoviet. Nditsho esikolweni kukuhleka kwakhe ngesibindi satirical kwabangela ukunganeliseki yenkokheli yesikolo, ebudeni bemfazwe yena wancokola wachaza nokucwangciswa ezingalunganga iwileyo besoloko kwakhokelela ekubeni iingxabano. Noko ke, abanamathele amaxabiso yobusoshiyali zange ayeke Yakova Kostyukovskogo. "Diamond usiba" King of Comedy, njengoko ngamanye amaxesha kuthiwa umbhali, zange wayeka umsebenzi zoncwadi.

Zonke mizobo Gaidai ngenkankulu boyise yokuhlolwa karhulumente, ngokuqhelekileyo tape nganye yabamba Kwiimeko ezininzi apho yavuma yokuqala yi abadlali, ngoko ke script, ukuhlela njalo njalo. D. Niggles bubudenge, eyinqaba, ezifana i "Hand Diamond" kwi binzana Nonna Mordyukova "Bendingayi ukumangaliswa, ukuba umyeni wakho oyayo zesikhungu! "," indlu yesikhungu "lathatyathelw with" kwinkosikazi. " abasemagunyeni Regulatory, bathi, akazange ayithande yokuduma umbuzo yamaYuda. A ibinzana adumileyo Shurik "Simele, Fyodor, kulungile!" Ngaba waqonda njenge umnqweno onyelisa ababhali inkokheli Cuba Revolution Fidel Castro, ngubani kwezinye izangqa ngokuba "Fyodor".

anika umdla

Abantu abaninzi abaselula musani nto ifoto Yakova Kostyukovskogo ngokupheleleyo, lo mntu ayikho imbono ngokupheleleyo inginginya, ukanti iziqhamo zomsebenzi wakhe bayazazi nawuphi na umntu Russian. Ngapha koko, simele sazi ngamaqhawe zabo buqu, ngoko phantse bonke ngokulula caphula i "Hand Diamond" okanye "Operation Y"; kodwa igama umbhali ezi blockbusters abakwazi wonke.

Umbhali wakhulela kwintsapho non-oosolusapho zamaYuda, kodwa ekuhambeni kweminyaka ndaphawula benomnqweno ukuba uqhelane ngakumbi ngembali intlungu yabantu bakhe. Sam Jacob Aronovich uncokole ukuba waziva yamaYuda ngakumbi qho ngonyaka.

Ukongeza zivumela iifilimu, Kostyukovsky babhala amaphepha ikhathuni eziliqela, kuquka "Ixesha Machine" (1967), "Ingxaki omtsha enkulu" (1976) kunye "Ukususela kwihlathi Pine" (1974).

Umbhali yabe amabhaso ezintathu nokulwa, kuquka imbasa "ukuziphendulela eMoscow" kunye imbasa "Kuba woloyiso phezu iJamani". Wemidlalo wafa ngo-2011. Ke wangcwatyelwa emangcwabeni Vagankovsky.