Yabemi Croatia. Inkolo, ulwimi kunye nenkcazo emfutshane lizwe

Croatia - kubakhenkethi ilizwe lweAdriatic kunxweme. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha banzi abantu iCroatia, ulwimi sayo kunye neempawu.

Yintoni na le lizwe?

Croatia ise emazantsi ye Central Europe. It ingqongwe eSlovenia, Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro. Icala lasentshonalanga yi kuLwandle lweAdriatic. indawo Croatia yi 56.542 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. Ukongeza kule mpumalanga, eli lizwe lelethu ngaphezu kwewaka iziqithi. Krk, Cres, Brac, Hvar, iPag yeyona inkulu.

Phambi inkululeko ngo-1991, Croatia yayiyinxalenye lwaseYugoslavia. Ngoku yalilizwe elizimeleyo kunye luhlobo yasepalamente karhulumente. Croatia lilungu lemibutho eliqela, kuqukwa i-UN, i-European Union, NATO kunye OSCE. imali Paper e Croatia ekuthiwa Coons, ngqekembe - eHeidelberg.

Eyona engundoqo kunye inkulu isixeko - Zagreb. Phakathi imizi emikhulu ngayo kwakhona Osijek, Rijeka, Split. Kutshanje, urhulumente uphuhlisa ngempumelelo amandla ayo ukhenketho, ukungenisa abahambi njengoko ezinika zokwakha nezendalo. Eli lizwe iipaki malunga-20 zesizwe kunye zendalo, ngokunjalo izixeko ezininzi izitalato aphakathi kunye nezakhiwo.

yabantu Croatia

Inani abahlali kweli lizwe malunga nezigidi 4.3. elinabantu ithatha indawo 120th ehlabathini. 51% yabantu Croatia imelwe ngamabhinqa. Ngokwecandelo ukuxinana lizwe phezu 94 indawo ngenye square kilometre abantu 79.

Ngokubanzi kuna sokuphila engama-75. Croatia eziphambili kakhulu phakathi kwamazwe ngaphambili inxalenye lwaseYugoslavia. Noko ke, uqoqosho urhulumente usaqhubeka Nokubuyiselwa emva kwemfazwe ngo-1991. Ngoko ke, kukho kwinqanaba lezikolo ngqesho, ukuba ilingana no-17%. Abemi ezidolophini yi phantse-60%.

Croatia yi lizwe mveliso-kwezolimo. Kodwa ngenxa ukhenketho olukhula ngokukhawuleza uninzi lwabantu (53%) basebenza kwicandelo nkonzo. Malunga ne-30% yabantu kuthetha kwicandelo mveliso kunye lezolimo liye% 17 kuphela labemi.

Ubuhlanga, inkolo, ulwimi

labemi Croatia likaThixo kuqamba bomzi yobuhlanga, 90% abemi Croats. Ngabantu bomthonyama, omnye amasebe yaseMzantsi nokuxubana lowo belimiwe ummandla ngoku kweli lizwe nangoku kwinkulungwane VII. Kuba imbonakalo yabantu ebonakala ukukhula kunye neenwele ezimnyama. Red kunye Croats ezimhlophe eneenwele zinqabile kakhulu.

YayingamaSerb zimele nani likhulu bambalwa yesizwe. Inani labo malunga 190.000. Baya ikakhulu abahlala Lika, Gorski Kotar kunye waseSlavonia. Czechs bebekelwa ubukhulu becala Daruvar, abavela - in Istria. Ke ezinye bambalwa yesizwe zihlawulwa kulo lonke elo lizwe. Basonta Bosniaks, Hungarians, Gypsies, amaJamani, Slovenes, baseAlbania.

ulwimi Croatian ne oonobumba Latin kwi intliziyo ligosa. Ngaphandle Croatian, abahlali abaninzi bathetha IsiNgesi, IsiJamani, Italian. Ubuninzi labemi uthi lobuKatolika. Malunga ne-5% yabantu zezi Orthodox, njengoko abantu abaninzi - kubukho bukaThixo. Malunga ne-2% nje amaProtestanti namaSilamsi.

Serbian okanye Croatian?

Croatian lulwimi olusemthethweni, hayi kuphela Croatia. Kwinqanaba ichaze ukuba yamkelwe e Bosnia and Herzegovina, yaseSerbia Vojvodina, kwakunye nakwimo Austria yase Burgenland. Le yenye iilwimi ezisemthethweni i-European Union. Inani ethetha ngayo ngaphezu kwezigidi ezi-6 zabantu.

Croatian fanele ukuba iqela iilwimi Slavic. Kufutshane naye yaseSerbia, baseMontenegro no Bosnian. Kukho nezendawo ezintathu ezingundoqo ulwimi Croatian, leyo kwandile kwiindawo ezithile zeli lizwe. Abantu abaninzi ukubona umahluko phakathi kwabo. Bona ngokwenene ziyafana kakhulu, yaye abemi mazwe mabini Balkan ngo-90% yamatyala ngokulula ukuqonda omnye. lobeko zoncwadi usekelwe, njengoko Serb kwi lwesigodi Shtokavian. Noko ke, ulwimi Serbian, yena inani yomahluko zegrama lungelelanisa.

Kangangethuba elide kwi zikarhulumente zange abe ulwimi, ngelo xesha, kwakukho ezintathu ulwimi yoncwadi, ngubani ezinze Church okanye kwezinye iziyelelane of Croatian. Kwinkulungwane XIX isigqibo ukudibanisa ulwimi kunye Serbian. Kulo mzekelo, endaweni Cyrillic Croatia uyayamkela oonobumba Latin. Ngenkulungwane XX, amanyathelo asebenzayo kwenziwa ukuze ukwahlula ulwimi Croatian. Kwaqaliswa neologisms ezininzi.

Kwemida kakhulu negalelo igqampe kwisixeko sabantu yasemaphandleni. Ngoko, kwi uhlobo eyamkelekileyo zoncwadi iye yaphunyezwa ulwimi lokuhlala nabantu basekuhlaleni. Iminyaka emininzi, urhulumente okhokelwa yi Broz Tito wayezama artificially oludibanisa iilwimi ezimbini, ekuthiwa inguqulelo yoosinga Serbo-Croatian. Akazange xesha lide, kwaye ekugqibeleni Croatia kwakhona aya uphuhliso oluzimeleyo kolwimi kunye nenkcubeko.

isiphelo

The Republic of Croatia yenye amazwe Balkan Peninsula. 1991 kwaba yinxalenye zaseYugoslavia kunye Serbia, Montenegro kunye namanye amazwe Balkan. Uninzi loluntu lwethu Croats zomthonyama. 10 Kuphela% basonta aligcuntswana yobuhlanga, ubukhulu becala abasuka kumazwe angabamelwane. Ngaphandle ukufana kunye namazwe angabamelwane, Croatia ngokuzithemba igcina ukuzimela, uhlanga ubuni balo, aweelwimi kunye nalawo amacandelo ezenkolo.