Vikings: umzila ngasekhohlo Normans kwinkcubeko European

Ngokusemthethweni - ngabantu ngokungesabi nenkululeko-bothando, kukuchitha ogama endimthandayo neqhosha kumazwe angaphandle. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, le isizwe imfazwe rhoqo ukuhlaselwa imizi yaseYurophu kunye needolophu, ukutsha kwaye yonke into endleleni yayo. Yintoni ofanele ashiywe Normans kwinkcubeko aseYurophu, yaye kutheni imbeko yabo igama lonke ixesha? Kutheni impembelelo yabo enamandla kangangokuba kwiinkulungwane ezininzi kamva, igama elithi "Viking", njengokuba ngaphambili, esasibangela bengcangcazela iintliziyo zabantu?

Ngoobani aba Vikings?

I Vikings, okanye Normans - kuba izizwe zasentla, inkoliso yabo ababehlala eScandinavia, kwakunye kummandla Denmark yanamhlanje. Le mathafa sezulu kunye ezilulwalwa ezibandayo akazange avumele ukuba kude kube umhlaba, ngoko ke, abazange bakwazi ukukhula ukutya okwaneleyo. Ngoko ke, lo Normans ayihlasela amazwe ezikufuphi ukondla iintsapho zabo.

Ekuqaleni igama elithi "Viking" wabizwa iphulo elwandle, kodwa esi sicatshulwa zeminyaka, oomatrose bazindla ukuba bazibize Vikings. Asinto amadoda kuphela waya ilizwe elitsha, abasetyhini mandizekwe, kwaye igorha zinamandla wazala isihloko "Valkyrie."

inkcubeko yaseYurophu phambi kokufika Vikings

Ngaphambi kokuba ekufundweni oko kufuneka besekho Normans emasikweni yaseYurophu, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba yintoni phambi kokufika kwabo. Ngaloo mihla, ukuba ngqo ekupheleni kuka VII kwenkulungwane, iYurophu yahlulwa ibe zizikumkani ezininzi esincinane eyayinokwenza ngokwezizwe empini.

Imbali inkcubeko yaseYurophu kakhulu enxibelelene yamaKatolika iCawa. Amandla i Pope ngelo xesha olungenamiqathango, kunye nabaveleli ababingeleli babona ukuba yonke imiyalelo yakhe babulawa echanileyo ngaphandle Ukuxabana. Kulo mzekelo, le mithetho sinomdla nje kuphela abantu abaqhelekileyo kodwa yezikhulu. Ngapha koko, ngaphandle kwenkxaso beCawa wolawulo uKumkani okanye Duke makhasi kakhulu ngaphambi komhla omiselweyo.

Lulungiselelwe izikolo, zabakho kuloo zafeza nezigodlo. Wafundisa khona kuphela abantwana, namatshawe kunye nababingeleli elizayo. abantwana eziqhelekileyo azaba nakuya kwiindawo ezinjalo, ngaphandle kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu.

Viking Age: Normans washiya umkhondo kwi inkcubeko European?

Ukuba, phambi kokuphela kwenkulungwane VII, i Vikings wahlaselwa nasekuphangweni ngokwamaqela amancinane kwisixeko unxweme kuphela, kunye kokufika kwenkulungwane entsha, bonke litshintshile kakhulu. Ukuqalisa evela izizwe Norman VIII kwinkulungwane waqalisa ukuhlanganisa phantsi kwephiko iinkokeli ezinamandla - ookumkani. Ngoku, zabo zacwangciswa, oluchanekileyo kunye nemibane. Army, omnye emva komnye ngawela phantsi koxinzelelo kwabo, nakwizilawuli, esabela intloko yakhe, sabazisa kubafo wokuhlawula.

Ngoko ayimangalisi into yokuba inkcubeko yaseYurophu kakhulu ngexesha Vikings ubunzima utshintsho ezininzi. Ngokusemthethweni baba nabahedeni, uthixo oyintloko yabo One. Le ukholo kunye ekusasazeni kulo lonke emazweni, amaKristu amaninzi wathabatha phezu kwawo kunye nabo, kuba, njengoko babecinga, ngubani akayithandi oothixo yanika amandla.

Kodwa ke Vikings wafunda lukhulu kuloo kubemi bomthonyama of Europe i Anglo-amaSaxons kunye Franks. Oku ngakumbi isicelo kumashishini afana nezolimo, ngokuba ngokusemthethweni izizukulwana ezininzi emva kulo mba evela kubamelwane yayo.

Yaphela ke Viking era phakathi kwenkulungwane XI, washiya ngasemva kwimbali lesikhumbuzo ezininzi neenkumbulo amadabi ezinkulu. Ngeli xesha uninzi zezizwe ngokusemthethweni ayesele bafudukela kweli lizwekazi, ezinye zazo zaba ngamaKristu, bakhonza kwinkundla yasebukhosini.

Alfred Veliky

Ukuthetha ngento kufuneka besekho Normans emasikweni laseYurophu, omnye asingekhe silibale ngayo loo manani edume njengoko Alfred Veliky. Ke walawula England phakathi kwenkulungwane IX. Le ndoda wayeyinkokeli Anglo-amaSaxons yaye ixesha elide ukunika ukumelana nzima ngokusemthethweni. Kuyinto ngenxa impumelelo yakhe emfazweni nxamnye Vikings, wazakhela udumo nozuko kunye nabantu bakhe, ngaloo ndlela waba ngukumkani.

Ebudeni bolawulo lwakhe Alfred wajika London kwesinye sezixeko inkulu eYurophu. Wakha kwizibuko, walungiselela ukuba matutu zorhwebo, kubandakanywa e-India, kwaye utyale imali eninzi umzamo kwinkqubo yemfundo. Yaba ke wakhupha ummiselo osemthethweni ukuvulwa University of Oxford, kwakunye yahlulwe eNgilani zibe counties kunye Shira.

Kwaye konke oku kwenziwe imibulelo kwenzeka kuphela ngokusemthethweni kunye zabo bungwanyalala, kamva kwakhokelela ekubeni kusekwe Alfred Enkulu.