Vasily Chapayev: ibhayografi amafutshane namanqaku anika umdla. imihla umdla nolwazi: Chapaev Vasiliy Ivanovich

Wazalwa Vasily Chapaev ngoFebruwari 9, 1887 kwenye Budayka kwilali encinane, ngomhla ummandla kwiphondo Kazan. Namhlanje le ndawo yinxalenye Cheboksary - ikomkhulu Chuvashia. Ngu imvelaphi Chapaev waba Russian - kwabalelwa ukuba umntwana yesithandathu kwintsapho yamahlwempu enkulu. Xa Basil ixesha lokufunda, abazali bakhe bafudukela Balakovo (kummandla Saratov mihla, ngoko - kwiPhondo Samara).

kwiminyaka yokuqala

Inkwenkwe wathunyelwa ukuya esikolweni, eyabelwe mabandla lawo. Uyise wakhe wayefuna ukuba abe ngumbingeleli Basil. Nangona kunjalo, ubomi ezilandelayo unyana wakhe, bengenanto yakwenza ibandla. Ngowe-1908 Vasily Chapaev wayilwa sokungena emkhosini. Waye wathunyelwa Ukraine e Kiev. Ngesizathu esithile, amajoni babuyela reserve phambi kokuphela sobomi nkonzo.

White amabala iibhayografi wokuvukela odumileyo ezinxulumene kukunqongophala banal amaxwebhu iqinisekisiwe. Xa historiography eSoviet kuye imbono esemthethweni kukuba Vasily Chapayev eneneni dula aphume umkhosi ngenxa iimbono zakhe. Kodwa akukho ubungqina obuziimpepha yale mbono ngaba akude kufumaneke.

The First World War

Loxolo, Vasily Chapaev echwela yaye ehlala kunye nentsapho yakhe kwidolophu Dimitrovgrad. Ngowe-1914 leMfazwe yokuQala yeHlabathi, kwaye amajoni kwi stock kwakhona sayilwa ukungenela umkhosi asebukhosini. Chapaev waba 82nd elihamba Division, walwa Austrians kwaye amaJamani eseGalicia kunye Volyn. Ngelo ngaphambili, wafumana i-George Cross, ukwenzakala kunye isihloko igosa eliphezulu ezingezo-ethunywe.

Ngenxa yokusilela ngasemva Chapayeva kuthunyelwa kwisibhedlele Saratov. Kukho phoyisa kubulisa Februwari Revolution. Kophilisiweyo, nguVasili wagqiba ukuzibandakanya iiBolsheviks, yaye wenza September 28, 1917. iziphiwo zakhe zomkhosi kunye nezakhono yena wanikela icebiso kakuhle ngokwemiqathango asondelayo Civil War.

E Red Army

Ekupheleni kuka-1917 Chapaev Vasiliy Ivanovich wamiselwa umphathi webutho reserve omi Nikolaevsk. Namhlanje, isixeko yaziwa ngokuba Pugachev. Ixesha lokuqala igosa owayesakuba yomkhosi tsarist amalungiselelo endawo Red Guard, kwiBolsheviks Kwasekwa nifudula ngamandla. Okokuqala, abantu-35 kuphela xa iqela lakhe. Ukuze iiBolsheviks wajoyina amahlwempu, amafama, Millers, njalo njalo .. NgoJanuwari 1918 Chapayevites walwa ngamanqindi zasekuhlaleni, aneliseke yi-Oktobha Revolution. Ngokuthe ngcembe, lo squad owakhulayo wakhula Bulelani Inkuthazo ukulwa uloyiso olusebenzayo.

Oku kumiswa emkhosini ngokukhawuleza kakhulu washiya enqabeni usapho ndiye kulwa omhlophe. Apha, kwi esezantsi kuyo iVolga ukuphuhlisa amandla ekhubekisayo Jikelele Kaledin. Chapayev Vasily Ivanovich wathabatha inxaxheba kwiphulo nxamnye inkokeli intshukumo White. idabi Key ingxabano kufuphi nesixeko Tsaritsyn, ngelo xesha nayo ngumququzeleli weqela, Stalin.

iqela Pugachev

Emva Kaledin ekhubekisayo zixinge, engobomi Chapaeva Vasiliya Ivanovicha kunxibelelene Eastern Front. Ngasemthonjeni ka-1918, i-iiBolsheviks kulawulwa kuphela inxalenye yaseYurophu Russia (kwaye ngoko hayi zonke). Xa ngasempumalanga, ukususela kodonga lasekhohlo iVolga, wahlala amandla emhlophe.

Uninzi Chapaev walwa kunye ne-Peoples Army Komuch kunye Czech Corps. May 25, wagqiba ukuthiya ngokutsha phantsi yakhe Olubomvu Guards webutho, ogama emva egameni Stepan Razin kunye Pugachev webutho. amagama amatsha sele iimbekiselo kwiinkokeli adumileyo luqhankqalazo ezithandwayo kummandla iVolga kwi XVII kunye XVIII leminyaka. Ngenxa yoko, Chapaev qhalo lowu abaxhasi yamaBolshevik ukulwela amalungelo Ingxenye yabemi belizwe kwi imfazwe - abalimi kunye nabasebenzi. Agasti 21, 1918 umkhosi bagxothwa kuye Nikolaevsk Czechoslovak lweSizwe. Emva kwethutyana (ngoNovemba) iNtloko Pugachevskaya Brigade laqalisa olushiyekileyo lifune ukubaliswa kwe mzi Pugachev.

Umlo kunye Czechoslovak lweSizwe

Chapayevites ihlobo okokuqala wabonakala phezu ngaphandle Uralsk, kuhlala i-White Czechs. Ke Red Guards kwafuneka siphumele ngenxa yokunqongophala kokutya kunye nezixhobo. Kodwa emva kokuba impumelelo Nikolaevsk kwi kulwahlulo bajika imipu umatshini kwikhompyutha ezilishumi kunye nezinye impahla luncedo irikhwizishini. Xa oku kuhle Chapayevites baya kulwa Abantu Umkhosi Komuch.

amawaka 11 abalandeli abaxhobileyo intshukumo White wazidiliza iVolga ukuze ukuhlanganisa ne umkhosi Cossack Ataman Krasnov. Reds yaba kabini nesiqingatha ngaphantsi. Lwaba olinganise efanayo zathelekiswa iingalo. Nangona kunjalo, lo msantsa zange ayeke Pugachev yoqhawulo iqela bachithachithe yotshaba. Ebudeni belo utyando biography yingozi Chapaeva Vasiliya Ivanovicha kwazeka kuwo wonke ummandla iVolga. Kwaye ngenxa ubuxoki eSoviet, igama lakhe wabonakala andiva kwilizwe lonke. Noko ke, kwathi emva kokufa kwicandelo alimwi odumileyo.

e Moscow

Ekuqaleni kowe-1918 Academy of the General Abasebenzi Red Army wamkela abafundi bokuqala. Phakathi kwabo kwakukho Chapaev Vasiliy Ivanovich. biography emfutshane yale ndoda zizele zonke iintlobo amadabi. Waye noxanduva eninzi yabantu ukubheka ngokwabo.

Kwangaxeshanye, akabanga imfundo esesikweni. Impumelelo yakhe Red Army CHapaev iphumelele ngenxa wit yakhe bendalo charisma. Kodwa ngoku lixesha ukugqiba yonke ikhosi the Academy of Staff Jikelele kuye.

umfanekiso Chapaeva

Umphathi division yesikolo hit the kwabanye, kwelinye icala, prytkost ingqondo yakhe, kwaye phezu kwelinye - ngokungazi isisiseko leefekthi zemfundo. Ngokomzekelo, omnye bhalo zembali eyaziwa, othi Chapaev ababanga nakuzixela kwimephu apho London kunye River Seine, njengoko wavele akukho ingcamango yokuphila kwabo. Mhlawumbi oku kukubaxwa, ngathi yonke into enxulumene ntsomi omnye amanani edume kweMfazwe Civil, kodwa kunzima ukukhanyela ukuba intloko candelo Pugachev waba lifana abakumgangatho ophantsi, kodwa, nakuba kunjalo, uza kuphela ukuzuza umfanekiso wakhe phakathi lweli.

Kakade ke, kule nokuzola diff eMoscow zithokombisile odlamkileyo yaye akazange Ungathanda ukuhlala abantu abafana Chapayev Vasily Ivanovich. ukususwa Quick lokungafundi Committe nako yayiya kumenza imvakalelo ndawo umphathi kwisahlulo kuphela ngaphambili. Amaxesha aliqela wabhalela kwikomkhulu kunye nezicelo ukurhoxisa kuyo angqingqwa yezinto. Ngelo xesha, ngoFebruwari 1919 kwi-Eastern Front elinye okubi enxulumene counter uxambuliswano of Kolchak. Ekupheleni zasebusika Chapaev ekugqibeleni wabuyela umkhosi lokuzalwa kwakhe.

Kwakhona kwi phambi

Kukumthetheli-4 Army uMikhail Frunze Chapayeva wamisa intloko 25th Division, awaniwisela umthetho ngawo de ekufeni kwakhe. Kuba iinyanga ezintandathu lokhu, ezibandakanya isikakhulu kubuthwa yesigaba, iye yabamba iqela imisebenzi yamacebo okulwa ngabelungu. Kulapha ukuba Chapaev uninzi evulwa wayeyinkokeli yasemkhosini. KwiCandelo 25, waba yaziwa kulo lonke ilizwe ngenxa iintetho zakhe somlilo phambi amajoni. Icandelo umphathi jikelele sakusoloko neotryvayas evela angaphantsi kwakhe. Oku isimilo ingakumbi kubonakala zothando Civil War, nto leyo ke udunyiswa kuncwadi eSoviet.

Vasily Chapaev, ogama biography libaliswa ngaye balapho imifuziselo inginginya kunye nenzala yabo wakhumbula bond kwawo nabantu abaninzi umntu abakuluhlu kunye lefayile Red Army eyalwa iVolga kunye emaqeleni phambene.

tactician

Njengecebo CHapaev kakuhle iindlela eziliqela ukuba isetyenziswe ngempumelelo ngethuba kwisahlulo komjikelo ukuya ngasempuma. Eyona uphawu kukuba esebenza bodwa evela units encedisayo. Chapayevites sasihlala phambili. Bona babopha ekhubekisayo, yaye ngokufuthi wakhawula utshaba ngokwabo. Malunga Basil Chapaeva kuyaziwa ukuba udla weza Amaqhinga zobuqili. kwisahlulo sakhe zizakubalulwa isantya kunye ukuhamba. White rhoqo musa ukuya endlini yakhe, nokuba zifuna ukuba balwe.

Chapaev siwagcine kwesinye nelisemihlubulweni yeqela ngokukodwa ekulungele, nto leyo wambetha ngesibetho isigqibo emfazweni. Ngesi kushenxa, i-Red Army kuzisa isiphithiphithi kula manqanaba utshaba yaye singqongwe iintshaba zakhe. Njengoko bemfazwe kakhulu kwindawo emathafeni, amajoni wayesoloko isithuba ukuba zigcwalisa. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuthatha isimilo ngokungakhathali, kodwa Chapayevites kusoloko lucky. Ukongeza, sinokungafihlisi yabo yaqalisa abachasi kuma yokutswina.

Ufa operation

Chapayev ebengasoze template. Xa emfazweni phakathi, akwazi ukunika umyalelo kakhulu ezingalindelekanga, ejika ikhondo iziganeko ngamahla ndinyuka. Ngokomzekelo, ngoMeyi 1919, ngexesha ukungqubana kufuphi Bugulma, icandelo umphathi liqalise kuhlaselwa kwimiba ebanzi, nangona Umngcipheko kushenxa enjalo.

Ngqo empumalanga ihamba Vasily Chapaev. biography emfutshane ngqwayi kwaye iqulethe iinkcukacha malunga impumelelo yokusebenza Ufa, apho yathinjwa kwenkunzi yexesha elizayo Bashkiria. Night ngomfutho White River ngoJuni 8, 1919. Ngoku, Ufa waba sokufezekisa le qhubela phambili ye-Red ngasempumalanga.

Ekubeni Chapayevites kuye phambili uhlaselo, kwibhulorho yokuqala White, eneneni babafumana zandingqonga. Division umphathi yena uhlatywe entloko, kodwa waqhubeka umyalelo, ekubeni ngqo phakathi amajoni akhe. Ecaleni kwakhe uMikhail Frunze. Kwidabi ekrakra, i-Red Army ungayithandi isitalato yi esitratweni. Kukholelwa ukuba ngoko White wagqiba ukuba ndimaphule abachasi-ekuthiwa kuhlaselwa izangoma. Esi siganeko yaba isiseko omnye imiboniso edume ukunqulwa movie "Chapaev".

ukufa

Kuba uloyiso e Ufa Vasily Chapaev wamkela Order of the Red Banner. Ehlotyeni, yena eqeleni lakhe akhusela iindlela iVolga. Umphathi esayenza enye yamaBolshevik yokuqala ebanjwe e Samara. Kukuthatha kwakhe ngqo yesixeko ngobuchule ibalulekileyo ekugqibeleni wasiwa hlamba ukusuka Czechs.

Ngu kwentwasahlobo Chapaev waba phezu phambene River. 5 Septemba, ngoxa Lbischenske kunye nabasebenzi bakhe, yena kwisahlulo sakhe kokusutywa uhlaselo esingalindelekanga Cossacks emhlophe. Yaba angenela utshaba ngenkalipho nzulu, oququzelelwe Jikelele UNikolai Borodin. Injongo uhlaselo yaba kakhulu self Chapaev, owaba yintloko anayo White. Kule mpi abakwa, umphathi hlula yabulawa.

Kuba inkcubeko eSoviet ze Chapaev yaye wohlukile kolu lawulo a popular. Ukudalwa loo mfanekiso wenza umboniso abazalwana Vasilyev, zintanda kuquka Stalin. Ngowe-1974, loo ndlu apho Chapaev Vasiliy Ivanovich ezelwe, wajika lwembali yakhe. Igama umphathi candelo ogama kwiindawo ezininzi.