Vacuole - le kwisisu igcwele iseli incindi

Namhlanje siyazi kunye nawe, oko kukuthi umngxuma ezele iseli incindi. Oko kukuthi, siza kuqwalasela ukuqeshwa vacuole lomzimba. Njengoko yaziwa, iseli - lusisisekelo esisiseko noshowo zonke esingqongileyo. Kodwa iquka inani elikhulu organelles. Omnye wabo ikhangeleka ngathi umngxuma ezaliswe iseli SAP, kwaye unalo igama vacuole.

Imisebenzi ye organelles zahlukahlukene kakhulu, siya kuba qiniseka ukuba ziwuthathele ingqalelo lo mbandela. Ngoku kufuneka uqonde ukuba iseli ngenxa organelles yayo, ikwazi yokuphila ezimeleyo. Ezi amasuntswana amancinane akukho mfuneko ezidityanisiweyo nasiphi na isakhiwo complexly. Kuye eziliqela iipropati evumela ukuba khona ngokuzimeleyo. Ngoku makhe sihlolisise enye yala maqela, enza indima ebalulekileyo kwinkqubo umsebenzi cell.

vacuole

Ngoko ke wathi lweHo- uzele iseli SAP, ubizwa ngokuba vacuole. Le organelle izaliswe isisombululo zolwelo kwezinto ezahlukeneyo, phakathi kwazo sinokufumana zombini eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo. kufuneka inxaxheba ukudala vacuoles:

• EPS.
• izixhobo Golgi.

Masiqalise nesibakala sokuba zonke iiseli zesityalo ziqulethe i data organelles, kuphela ndodana okungakumbi. Kutheni le nto isenzeka? Ngenxa yokwanda kwabo fusion nto, zize ekubunjweni vacuole engundoqo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukhulile yeseli yezityalo izaliswe phantse ngokupheleleyo nale vacuole (kwama-90 ekhulwini). Ngelo xesha linye ezinye zonke organelles yaye kwasekwa kwiseli ukuya iqokobhe.

Vacuole tonoplast alinganiselwe kangaka ngokuba inwebu yeseli izityalo organelle. Loo engamanzi ibekwe ngaphakathi vacuole - kule seli incindi.

Ngoko ke, lo lweHo- ezaliswe iseli etyebile, ukuba imilinganiselo ngaphezu 90 pesenti lonke iseli kwisisu, - a vacuole engundoqo. Ukwakhiwa kwale ijusi ziquka inani elikhulu kakhulu kwezinto, kuquka:

• ityuwa;
• monosaccharides;
• disaccharides;
• acid;
• glycosides;
• sezakhi;
• anthocyanins, njalo-njalo.

imisebenzi

iiseli kwisisu ezaliswe iseli SAP, unalo igama - le vacuole. Yena wenza imisebenzi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo. sicebisa ukuba siqwalasele ngoku. Okokuqala, ukuba ubanike kuluhlu:

• Ukunciphisa amanzi. Amanzi kubalulekile ukuba ukugcinwa izityalo kunye nobomi zezityalo. Kwakhona H2O iimolekyuli ezifunekayo ukuze izityalo photosynthesis.
• izityalo imibala. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba ubukho anthocyanins izinto. Banalo ikhono ukupeyinta imizimba izityalo (iziqhamo, iintyatyambo, amagqabi).
• Isiphelo ngayo izinto eziyityhefu. Kule vacuoles kwenzeka ziikristale oxalate kweeshelfu. Ezinye metabolites zasesekondari kufuneka okuhle (luncedo) Iipropati, umzekelo, anike izityalo incasa ekrakra, uzigcinele ukutya.
• Supply izakhi. Iseli uyakwazi ukukhetha ukuthatha ithuba kwezixa vacuoles, njengoko igcina inani kwezinto luncedo ukuba iiseli.
• Ukwahlula iindawo amahasa iseli ngokwenza Latex.

Vacuoles ezitokisini zezilwanyana

Sele wathi lweHo- kwi icytoplasm, ezele iseli incindi - lo vacuole. Kodwa phambi kwalonto candelo waxelelwa malunga iiseli izityalo kuphela. Ngoku siza kukhangela imisebenzi yalo organelle kwizilwanyana.

Vacuoles zikhona uninzi eziphilayo zilula. Ngoko ke, umzekelo, ukuba eliguquguqukayo ngayo amanzi kwaye zisetyenziselwa ummiselo osmotic. Abanye ezinomqolo multicellular kwiseli enye kwaye vacuoles esiswini, eziquka izixa ezikhulu enqanda ezahlukeneyo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba izilwanyana eziphezulu organelles data abunjwe ziiphagocytes.

Umahluko phakathi iiseli izityalo kunye nezilwanyana

Sele wathi organelles, ezo nemingxuma ezaliswe iseli SAP, bamfumana yezityalo eziseleni zezilwanyana. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwabo? Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuba esiseleni kungekhona inani elinye. Lo mzi-mveliso ezinazo 95 pesenti, kwaye isilwanyana - ekhulwini 5 kuphela.