Uyakwazi njani i X-reyi yemiphunga abantwana?

Kunzima ukukholelwa ukuba ngaphezu nje kwekhulu eyadlulayo, abantu abazange kuva malunga inkqubo eziqhelekileyo ezifana-X-reyi. Ukusebenzisa X-reyi ukulungiselela iinjongo zonyango baqalisa phantse nangoko emva ifunyanwe. Olu phando isekelwe iimpawu zabo, ukuba buthathaka, edlula nezihlunu umzimba, baze ziboniswe ngohlobo iikhonto omzimba sifundo kumphezulu womfanekiso elizayo.

Namhlanje yenye yezona enokuthenjwa ethandwa ekuhlaleni ngeendlela zonyango ukuqinisekisa iSifo ezinkulu ezifana ezifana nesifo sephepha okanye inyumoniya. Kakade ke, uxilongo olusebenzayo ezi zifo ayiphelelanga-X-reyi. Emva akhanyisele ukuba zingasetyenziswa naliphi na iziko yabantu.

na kwenziwa njani?

Kuba ayibona le nkqubo kudala akukho nzima. Uphononongo X-ray, njengoko umthetho, izigulane ziyakhuthazwa ukuba banxibe okhokelayo ifaskoti okhethekileyo njengomkhuseli esigquma umzimba wonke kwaye eshiya kukho umsantsa kwinxalenye ukuba ufuna ukuhlola. Ukulandela inkqubo, umguli kufuneka ukuba akhulule esinqeni kwaye balahle bonke metal - nezikhonkwane nezacholo, nezikhonkwane, ukhuseleko.

Isigulane ke ngoko uba iqonga ezizodwa kunye neqela licinezelwe ngokuchasene esifubeni metal nembasa, kwaye isilevu - nenqwelo elizinikeleyo kwi iyunithi. Emva apho umvavanyi umqeshwa wazisusa ikhaka aze anike umyalelo uphefumlela ubambe umphefumlo wakho okwethutyana.

Oku kwenziwa ukuze isifuba ngalo mzuzu umfanekiso yaba ububanzi ubuninzi kunye izikhewu butyhileke. Kwesi sikhundla, inkcazo ilula ukufunda nokuchonga iingxaki. Njani esifubeni X-reyi umntwana, photo, eboniswe ngezantsi, ibonisa kakhulu ngokucacileyo. Ibonisa ntoni isikhundla isigulane encinane ukuya kwisixhobo, kwaye yintoni indima yabazali kulo mzekelo,

phi ndenza esifubeni X-reyi na umntwana?

Ezo zifundo zenziwa iprofayile kwiziko lonyango, kunye nemeko yomntu oqeqeshiweyo kunye ukufikelela kule uhlobo lomsebenzi, ofisi baxhotyiswe izixhobo ezinikwe kunye namaxwebhu ayimfuneko, kwaye, kakade, imvume kolu hlobo lomsebenzi.

Uninzi kula magumbi lixhotyiswe kwi ezikliniki, amaziko umothuko okanye amaziko ezempilo TB ezizodwa. Ngokutsho imigangatho yococeko izixhobo X-ray kufuneka abekwe kwisakhiwo emi yedwa. Akuyi kuvunyelwa ukuba ukubamba ofisi enjalo emakhayeni, kumgangatho wokuqala leyo waphoswa kwiziko lonyango.

Ngubani akuvumelekanga ukuba uthwale ngaphandle kule nkqubo? Ukuze ube nokufikelela zoviwo X-ray, ingcali kufuneka ugqibe yemfundo kwinqanaba kwezonyango alithe gangqa kwezonyango, ukongeza, uqeqesho ethile. Lo msebenzi ibhekisa kwinani eziyingozi, ngoko abasebenzi rentgenkabinetom kufuneka udidi efanelekileyo kunye namava lobabalo.

Akuthandabuzeki ukuba umzali

Xa abazali ingxelo ukuba umntwana wabo sabelwe iimviwo X-ray, ngoko nangoko kuphakamisa imibuzo emininzi. Chief phakathi kwabo: indlela iimfuno olu hlobo uphando? Ingaba ikhona enye into? Malunga yintoni kanye nenguqulo kumbuzo - fluoroscopy, x-reyi okanye CT scan? Kuthekani ukuba iziphumo ezifunyenweyo kulo mfanekiso lingenako ukuhlangabezana oogqirha? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba abantwana ukuba benze esifubeni X-reyi kwakhona isikhewu encinane?

Kwinqaku wokugqibela kufuneka ngoko nangoko isigqibo: musa waneliswe indlela yesibini! Thatha iziphumo ezikhoyo uze uthabathe kubo kwenye ugqirha.

Chest X-ray emiselweyo abantwana, njengoko umthetho, kunqabile, nje ngenxa yezizathu ezibalulekileyo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, enye indlela ukuqinisekisa okanye ukuphika isifo esithile akakho. Ezifundisayo kakhulu kwaye ngexesha uhlobo olufanayo gentle ye x-reyi ayinakubalwa Itomography na. Kodwa le nkqubo ayikho lula kakhulu kwaye ifuna kokuhlala ixesha elide kwindawo emileyo, ukuba maxa wambi akunakwenzeka ukuba umntwana.

Yintoni embi?

Chest X-ray kuthathwa abantwana ukuba benze yingozi ngakumbi kancinci, xa kuthelekiswa ne-umfanekiso, kodwa inkqubo kuthatha ixesha kwaye yabelwa nokuba kubelekwa. Njengoko intshukumo incinane ngexesha lenkqubo yokufumana umfanekiso kunokulonakalisa yoko, wamema abazali izigulane lincinci ukuba babekho ngexesha lokwenziwa kolhlolo abasabambelele usana lonke ixesha layo elifutshane.

Kulo mzekelo, umzimba umzali, kwakunye nenxalenye yomzimba zosana (ngaphandle isifundo) kufuneka ukhuselwe zokuzikhusela lead nenkcula.

Olunzima kakhulu kwaye iyingozi kwimpilo kucingwa photoroentgenography ukuba abantwana akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo. Usebenza ukusuka kwiminyaka engama ubuncinane 16-18.

amagama amaninzi abadala

kubantu abasempilweni akufuneki inkqubo X-reyi ukukhanya, kodwa imigangatho ekhoyo sanitary abantu yonke abadala unyanzelekile kanye ngonyaka yaliwe zifo ukufunda x-reyi kunye ngokubeka uphawu kwi ikhadi zonyango kunye nencwadi sanitary. iitshekhi Mass abasebenzi, kukho amashishini amaninzi.

Abanye mpikiswano nokuba ukuchonga kunokwenzeka usebenzisa fluoroscopy okanye X-ray ukukhanya kubukho loo mkhwa, ezifana nokutshaya. Ngelishwa, akukho. Ukumisela oku kunokwenzeka kuphela ngoncedo Itomography computer, nalapho ke kuphela xa nemiphunga lo utshayayo kunye iminyaka emininzi iinguqu ezinkulu yaqala.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba wenze le nkqubo kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo? Akukho X-reyi kokuba contraindicated ngokungqongqo ngenxa kumngcipheko ophezulu kakhulu izakhi kwi olungekazalwa.

Sithini na ke ngoko?

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokuba le nkqubo? Inyathelo elilandelayo - ukufunda Amagosa afumana umfanekiso kunye nenkcazelo. Ukuqhubeka nemfundo zonyango, kule meko kakhulu, kubaluleke kakhulu. umsebenzi wakhe - musa ndiphoswe iinkcukacha single emfanekisweni.

Indlela ukuchaza, umzekelo, umhlaza wemiphunga? Ukuze uqinisekise le diagnosis zezi CT okanye ray. Kodwa ukuba ezinye iimpawu iqapheleka kwesi sifo esiyingozi akakho, inkoliso umhlaza wemiphunga ibanjiwe umfanekiso fluorography. Kubonakala ngathi indawo engqukuva abangaboniyo ufana ingqekembe.

Ubukho yinyumoniya uthetha indawo distinguishable ngokucacileyo mnyama kumfanekiso ukukhanya, apho ugqirha ebhekisela sizimisele indawo nebakala kwesi sifo. Ukuba sithethe sephepha, iimpawu zayo ekuqaleni ziyazibhaqekela ngethuba loviwo fluorography yonyaka (abadala). Phambi umguli eko mayibhekiswe ifilimu x-reyi ukuba negalelo kakhulu.

Ukuba kwemigudu nomonde, radiograph ubonisa ukuqina kweendonga inyumoniya, nogunyaziso umzobo yemiphunga nezengekho awucaci ezinemiphetho iingcambu zemiphunga. Nangokurhala, kwakunye pneumonia, kukho uhlobo umfanekiso amabala emnyama kuchazwe ngokucacileyo. Iimpawu ziyafana nezo emphysema njengoko iphika, kodwa kubi ngakumbi.

malunga neziphumo

Ziqonde shot specialist ubhala iziphumo - ngeziphumo zabo ikhadi nomonde iphetshana lokuthumela. Le ngxelo - ukuqinisekiswa olusemthethweni okanye refutation kwesifo. Kulo mzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwegama elithi "zicinywe" ibonisa ubukho indawo emnyama kwi ariya eqaqambileyo shot ukukhanya. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kwakhona usebenza amabala, elula ngaphezu kwimvelaphi ezingqongileyo.

Xa kuziwa imiphunga esempilweni, wabonisa isakhiwo bomzi, umfanekiso ocacileyo agudileyo kwaye kungekho naziphi na amabala ukusuka mnyama.

Chest X-ray umntwana - kufuthi kangakanani na?

Uninzi lwabazali banikwa imibuzo efanayo. uyakwazi njani i X-reyi yemiphunga umntwana? Indlela engakhiyo koviwo? Yintoni umlinganiselo ithamo sosasazeko lwemitha ngexesha lonyaka kwaye kufuneka kuqwalaselwe ekhuselekileyo?

-X-reyi ezichaphazela inkqubo elinikiweyo emzimbeni, izinto ezinemitha. Xa radiation ngezixa enkulu iiseli lithathwe kunokuba abe kuguquka, eyaziwa ngokuba ukugula imitha, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, iintlobo yamathumba.

Kodwa imisebe yi izixhobo X-ray ukuba ithamo aphantsi kakhulu kwimitha. Thelekisa kube lula ukuba umthamo, ebangela isixeko enkulu kunye zobuninzi kwaye inqanaba radiation yangasemva avareji iintsuku ezimbalwa.

Ngomhla zibheke yokumiswa

Ngaxesha-X-reyi entloko, ihleza okanye ityesi libhekisa neemviwo zonyango eziqhelekileyo kwaye igqalwa oko othwala okubi ngokukhethekileyo umntwana. Ukanti izifundo ezinjalo, oogqirha ukumisela kuphela xa usengozini enkulu okanye ukungakwazi kwabo kokuxilongwa efanelekileyo.

Ngoko ke bemiselwe antibiotics inyumoniya okusolwayo ngaphandle isizathu ngokwaneleyo kunokuba kakhulu yingozi ngaphezu yayibhekisela ukukhanya X-ray. Abantwana kufuneka injongo enjalo kufuneka abekwe ngokuchanekileyo. yezonyango iye iimeko ezininzi apho ngeedosi ezincinane radiation yi usana ngaphantsi kakhulu engenabungozi kwimpilo yabo ngaphezu iziphumo ukwala categorical ukuqhuba X-ray. Ngenxa yokuba uyakwazi ukubona amathambo aphukileyo, intergrowth rhoqo okanye mgaqweni, umzimba angaphandle esiswini, nezinto ezinjengezo.

A ithamo ethile radiation sonke baphume zezulu, ukutya kunye namanzi. Kwaye kwizikhululo zeenqwelo-moya ngexesha introscopes ndima moya nomoya.

Nini yaye kangakanani?

Yintoni na le mali efanayo sesichengeni X-ray iphephile? Okokuqala, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuba indawo nganye radiation yayo imvelaphi yabo. Kuxhomekeke imeko esingqongileyo, ubukho okanye ukungabikho yamatye, ukuphakama ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle.

WHO umntwana isiphelo radiograph yabelwa kuphela xa kungekho amathuba ukuxilongwa oluchanekileyo ngaphandle kwayo. Amaninzi kufikwa zokonzakala ukwenzakala lukakayi, umhlathi, iingxaki entlanganweni hip. Ukuba wenziwe ngethuba lonyaka ayikho ngaphezulu kwe 5-6 iinkqubo ezinjalo, imvelaphi radiation umzimba umntwana akayi kufumana naluphi na utshintsho kunye neziphumo ezibi nga nokungahoywa.

Ngokutsho manani, lo ummiselo ligqithe kunqabile kuphela, ngaphandle amatyala balimala, apho imfuneko x-reyi kwenzeka kakhulu ngakumbi rhoqo. Kubalulekile ukuba lo mfanekiso kuthathwe kuso nasiphi na isixhobo. zobugcisa zale mihla kuvumela ukunciphisa impembelelo ye-X-reyi emzimbeni lomntwana, ngaloo ndlela ekufezekiseni imifanekiso echanekileyo.

Kungenxa yokuba abazali ukufumana ukuthunyelwa esifubeni umntwana X-reyi yesifuba, ezenza kakuhle kubalulekile ingqalelo. Kuyimfuneko ukuba ukukhetha iziko kunye nezixhobo zonyango kakhulu mihla, ingakumbi xa izigqibo aggregate ezithathwe ithamo ngaphambili sele mikhulu.

Thetha malunga nabantwana

Enye yeengxaki ibunzi zobuzali: ingaba abantwana benze esifubeni X-reyi kunyaka wokuqala wobomi, yaye ke ukuba akunjalo, yintoni ubudala? Kwaye kangaphi uphando olo?

Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana azidingayo x-reyi ngoko nangoko emva kokuzalwa - kwimeko deformation emathanjeni yokakayi, okanye dislocation namalungu hip xa uhambisa nge emjelweni lokuzalwa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, umfanekiso sidlalwa kumhlaba kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuzalwa. Abantwana kukhuselwa ngethuba le nkqubo, ibeke igumbi ekhethekileyo yokuvala emzimbeni zokukhanya yonke enye into ngaphandle inxenye isampula.

Kwezinye iimeko, isifuba X-reyi inyanzelekile ukuba abantwana? picture ugqirha esifubeni ngokuqinisekileyo uyakukumisela, suspecting inyumoniya, kwimeko ukwaphuka le iimbambo okanye iingxaki umqolo. le nkqubo ayisetyenziselwa prophylaxis. Indlela lokubhaqa TB ebantwaneni na uvavanyo Mantoux, yaye kuphela ukunyuka rhoqo koogqirha yayo ukumisela uviwo eyongezelelweyo emiphungeni.

Ngamanye amaxesha umntwana kufuneka amazinyo umfanekiso kwiimeko iingxaki zamazinyo. Ukuba kukho urhano lokuba usana yaginywa umzimba amazwe, amisele ukuba kwisisu.