Uthixokazi Egyptian yamandulo Bastet. Egyptian cat-uthixokazi Bastet

Ku nga ha va ezintsha ukuba imbali waseYiputa yamandulo imnandi kakhulu ngokwalo umxholo. Inani elikhulu yoothixo noothixokazi ebesoloko kwatsala ingqalelo abantu ukwazi. Kweli nqaku endifuna ukuthetha ngayo ngqo uthixokazi Bastet; ngokuba obukuye patroness kwaye xa ngayo abantu uncedo.

egameni

Inyathelo lokuqala ukuba babe nesimilo yokuqala yale isithixokazi. Ngoko ke, ekuqaleni kufuneka ukuba kuthiwe Bast kunye Bastet - ezimbini emva kuthixo omnye umnxeba njalo, njalo njalo. Ngokwemvelo yena - intombi ubumnyama nokukhanya, nguye lwalo ubufazi, ubulumko kunye nobuhle. A uhlobo ubutshantliziyo kunye ferocity nowomfanekiso kwavela ngexesha lokuqala, amaYiputa bazisa ukuqonda imfudumalo mnandi ekhaya, ngumama, ukuchuma, kunye zokuzikhusela zomzimba.

ngentsapho

Ngokutsho kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo, uthixokazi Bastet intombi kunye uthixo Ra (Iliso yakhe) kunye nomfazi wakhe. Ungafumana ulwazi malunga ukuba Bast intombi Isis kunye Osiris. Ngokutsho kweminye imithombo, indoda Bastet ingaba uthixo Bes - umxhasi abadala kunye nabantwana, uzisa amathamsanqa kunye novuyo. kubalulekile kuthi kwakhona ukuba abe ngumfuziselo RA Union woothixo uthixo Bastet waba Mahes - uthixo komsindo wemfazwe iboraksi, leyo uvezwa intloko wengonyama (ukuba jize izithsaba ezimbini laseYiputa).

umfanekiso

umdla kakhulu kukuba indlela kuchazwa yothixokazi Bastet. Lo mfazi nokuba ekwimo ikati, okanye intloko ikati yakhe. Noko ke, ngo eYiputa yamandulo ukufumana imifanekiso ziyadanjiswa, iikati ndlu. Bathi achazwe izilwanyana zasendle kuphela, ezifana ikati waseOni. Kwaye kuphela AD ngenkulungwane II, isilwanyana bahlangana ngokuqinileyo nabantu kunye ezifuywayo. Ukususela ukuba iikati lixa ayeze yonke, wabathanda vika kubo. Emva kokufa kwezi zilwanyana, bamqhola uSirayeli, maxa wambi baqubuda. Kubonakala umdla nento yokuba ikati kugqalwa isilwanyana engcwele uthixo kwelanga. Ziikati wabona kokufa kwakhe, yaye amehlo kwezi zilwanyana, ngokutsho amaYiputa, obaneleyo kwelanga.

patroness

Ngoko ke lowo wenza uthixokazi samandulo saseYiputa Bastet kulondolozwe, zabashumayela ithamsanqa, ngubani na ukufikelela kuyo xa kuthe kwakho iingxaki ezithile? Ngoko ke, kukho iinguqulelo ezininzi. Okokuqala, lo ngowona patroness soomama, ngokuba yena - ibhinqa-ikati. Uza naye ezininzi iingxaki, kuquka xa nenekazi ayikwazanga ukukhulelwa. Yeyona isithixokazi inenimba kunye wenzala kuzo zonke obubonakala. Bastet kananjalo ingqalelo uMkhuseli ekhaya, wamsa endlwini emnandi, uthando kunye novuyo. udunyiswa kakhulu lo thixokazi yaye oogqirha baloo maxesha. Bona ngokuqhelekileyo zizotywe izindlu umfanekiso wakhe - ikati emnyama, ukuze asindise isigulana ekufeni kunye ngokukhawuleza yokuyikhangela. Kodwa nangona konke oku, uthixokazi Bastet kananjalo icala yayo emnyama. Ngapha koko, yena - intombi yobumnyama, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha yena uvezwa intloko wengonyama, enomsindo ekhangela phambili, yaye igama yesibini - Pashto, uthixokazi Bastet-Pashto.

malunga ubuhle

Njengoko ngawo onke amaxesha, amabhinqa afuna iindlela ukugcina ulutsha zabo. Kwaye ngokwenza njalo, bancedisana ogqibeleleyo yothixokazi Egyptian Bastet. Ababingeleli udale isixa esithile umthambo ukuba abasetyhini, ngokoluvo lwabo, kwafuneka bayeke ukuba babebona kumanenekazi ubuhle. Ngelo ngexesha lokubulawa kwabo kwakukholelwa ukuba umfazi ezikuyo umoya Bastet, nto leyo eyabangela ubabalo lwakhe, plasticity, kunye namandla abagxothwa umoya. Emva kwezi seshoni amaYiputa babekholelwa ukuba kudala baya kuhlala enomtsalane nabaselula.

Ukunqulwa yothixokazi: ekuqaleni

Xa amaYiputa aqalisa ukuba ngokubanzi ukufunda Bastet? Kwathi eYiputa yamandulo, xa kwiimeko ezininzi, nkulunkulu uvezwa intloko wengonyama (ngokufana uthixokazi Sekhmet) kwaye ingqalelo unina uthixo imfazwe kunye nezitshi Mahesa. Ngexesha kubhiyozelwa ngomhla uthixokazi akuvumelekile ukuba lizingela iingonyama, kuba kwakukholelwa ukuba kule mini, le izilwanyana engcwele, kuba tindhawu umoya Bastet. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, iimpawu zakhe Stavan lithambile yaye ubuso ubuncwane kunye zobufazi. Kwaye phezu kwexesha, Lelona laba yintloko uthixokazi umxhasi obuselukhambeni, abafazi abantwana, uvuyo nolonwabo.

Ukunqulwa yothixokazi: ukunyuka

Ingakumbi amoyika cat-uthixokazi Bastet yaba ngemihla uxolo kuMbindi yoBukumkani, xa abantu bamandulo laseYiputa iye ekugqibeleni bafunda ukuba akhule ngayo umbona smart ngokwaneleyo ukuba uyigcine elizayo, ukuze uphephe yindlala. Akukho nzima ukubona isizathu sokuba kweli xesha, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo yanikwa uthixokazi Bastet.

Oko kuba utshaba iphambili okuziinkozo - le mouse kwaye uthixokazi ikati emva bonke. Ngelo xesha nye sisiqalo njengothixo ezinxulumene ubutyebi elizweni ngokubanzi ukufunda. waba iziko unqulo uthixokazi isixeko Bubastis, nolwathi elise Lower eYiputa. Kulapho lwakwakhiwa ezinkulu netempile engundoqo Bastet, leyo ejikelezwe yi chrism enkulu ihonjiswe amahle BAS-imikrolo. Embindini yaba enkulu oqingqiweyo, apho kukho inani elikhulu zabanquli kufika mihla, bezise isipho esincinane imifanekiso iikati, ngethemba ngezenzo zayo nobubele.

Kuthiwa kule ndlu kwakuhlala inani elikhulu iikati kwi ezinyaweni zakhe yaye zibekwe emangcwabeni engcwele yezi zilwanyana. Kanye ngoFaro ziikati mummify bafunde, baye babekwa sokulungela ngokukodwa iibhokisi abo, awangcwabela iimbeko ngokupheleleyo. Namhlanje, itempile wabatshabalalisa, kumabhodlo kuphela kuhlala kuyo. Noko ke, bonke abo batyelela Bubastis bathi Kowolunye lowo doti kuvuthela amandla kunye nobukhulu kunye nobuhle.

iholide Bastet

Kuthiwa banqula Bastet - isithixokazi eYiputa mandulo - izihlandlo ezisixhenxe ngonyaka. Ngeli xesha ebandleni waqokelela inani elikhulu zabanquli ezeza kunqula uthixokazi. Funda imithandazo ezahlukeneyo, bevume imibingelelo ekhethekileyo ingoma.

Umdla kukunqulwa isithixokazi entlakohlaza. Ngoko ke, ngeli xesha lwaqhutywa yawo itempile yafakwa umkhumbi omkhulu waliqengqa ecaleni uMlambo umNayile. Oku kwenziwa ikakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba uthixokazi uye wagcina umlambo kumaYiputa elidlavulayo iziphaza yakhe.

malunga cats

Kufuneka wathi statuette uthixokazi Bastet kwakuyimfuneko phantse zonke kwikhaya amaYiputa. Yena njengento ikhubalo eyomeleleyo kunye nomkhuseli ye ezonka. Ukongeza, LITHILE uphawu elungileyo, ukuba wawuhlala ikati live. Kuthiwa ukuba lilungu ezibalulekileyo entsatsheni, maxa wambi kwakubaluleke ngakumbi yaye kubaluleke ngaphezu umntwana. Cat njalo wondla phambi iinginginya kuhlala etafileni, yena walala endaweni ekhethekileyo kuyo, okanye igumbi ekufanele ukuba zinokuhonjiswa.

Kwaba ingakumbi isiganeko ebalulekileyo xa efile ikati. Kwaba buhlungu gqitha intsapho. Yakhe zidumbu ngokwemithetho, ukuba sangcwatywa iimbeko mkhulu sarcophagus ukubeka ukutya ukuba ikati na yindlala kwi elizayo, yaye mouse kuwo akukho uyadika kwakungenjalo. Kangangexesha elide emva kokufa abanini mfuyo i ngxi isijwili ngenxa yokulahlekelwa enxibe iimpahla zokuzila. Kufuneka ke ukuba abulale ikati kwakujongwa isono esikhulu, yaye siyaqeqeshwa ukufa yomthetho. Oku nako kwakhona ukususa ziikati evela emaphandleni, kodwa abarhwebi ukwenza oku kuyo yonke loo ndawo, ukudala kuyo i idini imbeko (oko iikati twa ehlabathini jikelele). Noko ke, ngokutsho uthando izilwanyana yadlala yintlekisa okhohlakeleyo kunye amaYiputa ebudeni imfazwe namaPersi. Into yokuba ukumkani wasePersi wayesazi yale uthando amaYiputa, waza wayalela amajoni akhe ukubophelela Ikhaka ngalinye kwi ikati. Amajoni nje akazange abe nobuganga ukudubula izilwanyana ezingcwele, kwaye akukho zingxaki zafakwa lutshaba.

Ukunqulwa yothixokazi: ukubuna

Kanye kweli lizwe weza abasemagunyeni baseRoma, umYiputa cat-uthixokazi Bastet waqubuda ngaphantsi yaye ngaphantsi, yaye ngowe-390, nehlelo wakhe akazange vala ngumthetho. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, inzala kunye nentlonipho esi silwanyana kwehla, ziikati agcinwa ezindlwini kanye njengoko abazingeli iinyoka kunye neempuku, ngelo xesha yayisathe eninzi. Noko ke, nkqu iikati abahluphekayo elafika eYurophu. Ngokuba uthando lwabo ukuba ahambe ebusuku, ukuvutha emehlweni ezimnyama Catholic Church ibhengeze ukuba uMtyholi lo. Ingakumbi isiphelo elukhuni iikati ezimnyama, ezo ngoko iziqu eYiputa yamandulo, ukuba kwakusithiwa ngamagqwirha kunye nabancedisi bogcino nemiphefumlo iwele babo abangasekhoyo. Cats babulawa, batyakatywa, bahlekisa kuzo zonke iindlela. Noko ke, xa wafika Renaissance, ekugqibeleni ezi zilwanyana ndasala ndedwa, kodwa nomdla kuzo etsha kakuhle. Namhlanje, ziikati azinazo naziphi sengqondo kakubi, kodwa okwangoku ke nangoku mntu nelimiweyo. Ezi zilwanyana, kwakunye ngaphambili, Zihlala kufutshane ebantwini, bahambisana a lot of neenkolelo ezahlukeneyo ukuze abantu esekhona ngaphandle mkhwa ezi ngokuqaphela. Kodwa ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbi kuya kubakho kwakhona, kunye neekati izakufundwa njengangaphambili, bedumisa kwabo useko esisigxina.