Uphi na Lake Chad? ingcaciso emfutshane

Kumbindi Afrika, kwiindawo lawona emhlabeni, oko Lake Chad. Kwimephu kulula kakhulu ukufumana.

Ngokufutshane malunga main

Imbali edikeni yaqala kwizigidi zeminyaka eyadlulayo, yenye ye lokusinda amachibi relict ezimbalwa. Ichibi akuthethi idreyini, kuphela kwiminyaka ethile engaqhelekanga amanzi kuyenyuka, aphuma phantsi somfula Bahr-el-Ghazal.

Ummandla of Lake Chad - 1 350 km ^2. Eli nani ngendlela engaqondakaliyo, ekubeni echibini lome phezulu ngonyaka. Kunjalo, Chad - omnye kunayo amachibi eAfrika. It ingqongwe inani elikhulu nezimbuku ezincinane. Yiyo loo nto ngamanye amaxesha ukuba sibone apho na Lake Chad, kunzima. Ngapha koko, le maphu ibonisa sele yene sezwe.

igama

igama chibi uvela ngolwimi lwendawo zabantu Aboriginal Kanuri, yaye lithetha "amanzi enkulu". State apho isabelo chibi got igama layo onobuhandiba ngaye. Ukongezelela Chad (ilizwe kweli lizwekazi), eli chibi ngaphakathi ngakumbi amazwe ase-Afrika 3: Niger, Nigeria kunye Cameroon. Kakhulu bonisa olungileyo Lake Chad kwimephu ithunyelwe ngezantsi.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba chibi likhulu kakhulu ngemilinganiselo Afrika, baseYurophu ngalo ixesha elide kwaba ayaziwa. Khankanya into yokuba intliziyo Afrika 'ulwandle olukhulu', yenziwa yi-Arabhu. Kuphela phakathi kwenkulungwane XIX. abahambi IsiNgesi, izazinzulu wawela weSahara zaze elunxwemeni Chad.

Yintoni le yayahlukile na?

Lake Chad (lizwe enegama elifanayo kwakhona ikhona) wahlukile ngokwenene. Kwaye kukho izizathu eziliqela.

Okokuqala, indawo yayo. Le ichibi ise intliziyo ilizwekazi lawona le planethi, phantse kwi-ikhweyitha. Into emangalisayo kukuba macala onke, waya elwandle ngodlame entlango, evela entla - weSahara, ukusuka South - Amathafa Sudanese.

Okwesibini, utshintsho rhoqo kwi umthamo wamanzi. amanzi Surface akwenzeki njalo: urhulumente abaqhelekileyo kwi kummandla kwamanzi ka 27 ^{km2 ..} Ngexesha lemvula, oko kwandisa ku-50 amawaka km ² kwimozulu eyomileyo -. Ithotywe amawaka 11 km ^{2 ..} Ukuzalisa chibi ngamanzi kuthatha indawo, ngenxa imilambo ezincinane ezingena kuyo. I inkulu kubo - p. Chari (1400 km). Yena Uyeza ukuya elwandle, ekusekeni ichweba ebanzi nzulu.

Okwesithathu, i Lake Chad eAfrika ezingenatyuwa. Nangona ngenxa yokuba umzimba landlocked amanzi, kwaye ibekwe phakathi entlango, kufuneka ibe enetyuwa. Kodwa oku akuyonyaniso. Apho imilambo ingena elwandle, amanzi ngamanzi ahlaziyekileyo. Futshane kwiziko, ukuba sele etyuwa eliphantsi.

Ubunzulu kunye nesimo sendawo

Eli chibi nzulu. Umyinge ubunzulu - 1.5 -. 2 m Ngexesha imvula kwaye yandisa kubunzulu liphezulu edikeni, ukuya kwiimitha ezili-11 kufutshane elunxwemeni kwichibi nzulu kakhulu .. Amanzi chibi umbala omnyama nodaka, kwezinye iindawo, igcwele kakhulu kunye nezinto ezimdaka.

Chad kunxweme afumileyo, sene njengompapiri kunye nezinye nohlaza. Kwinxalenye esempuma kolwandle kukho iziqithi ezincinane emiweyo yi kwezinye izizwe zaseAfrika. Uphi na Lake Chad, imvula encinane, malunga 200-400 mm / ngonyaka.

Biota

Kodwa enezityalo nezilwanyana zonxweme ka Chad thusa kunye neyantlukwano yayo. Enezityalo apha unako ukufumana iintlobo ezahlukeneyo yeengcongolo yeengcongolo, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ulwelwe ngaphezulu kwe-1 amawaka, zinexabiso elikhulu kakhulu kwizinto zoqoqosho ziya kuba imbono ethandwayo - spirulina. echibini Rich kunye nabameli izilwanyana iintlanzi. Xa amanzi Chad wafumana iintlobo 179 iintlanzi. Kwezi, 25 - izezo zifumaneka. Uphi na Lake Chad, a lot of izilwane ezahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ukongezelela iintlanzi ichibi, uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana iingwenya, zintokazi manatees. Ukuya ngasezantsi chibi, kuloo Savannah, uyakwazi ukuhlangabezana neendlulamthi, buffaloes, neqwarha, antelopes, iindlovu, iingonyama kunye nakoodyakalashe. Ezinye izilwanyana amalungiselelo kumadlelo kufutshane kunxweme ichibi.

Izimbiwa kunye nokubaluleka abantu

Yetyuwa bezimbiwa yi misela ukuba apha kunye nesoda abuhlungu. Kwakhona ngasekupheleni-imi- 70 kwinkulungwane yokugqibela kwafunyaniswa amasimi ioli encinane. Oku kungenxa yokuba, apho Lake Chad amazwe. Kwakusoloko kukho a lot of resources.

Ichibi sibaluleke loqoqosho olukhulu bendawo. Iminyaka emininzi ukuba baqokelele nezithombo luncedo - spirulina. Kukho kwakhona ishishini lokuloba noko aphuhliswe kakuhle.

Tyelela eli ndawo kuba bonke abakhenkethi abanomdla kwiindawo ebukekayo. Lake Chad enchants nje ubuhle bayo.