Umsebenzi Isisu kunye nesakhiwo

Zokutya - inkqubo eyimfuneko ukusebenza komzimba womntu. Esiswini kudlala indima enkulu kule nkqubo. imisebenzi isisu ongazicebanga ubunzima ukutya, ukwenza kwayo buso nokukhuthazwa ngakumbi emathunjini, apho ke nokwenziwa kwezondlo. Zonke ezi nkqubo kwenzeka phecana zesisu.

Isisu: isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza

Kuyinto ilungu umngxuma dystrophy kwinkqubo yokwetyisa, nto leyo ifumaneka phakathi kuvuleke iminxunya kunye duodenum 12.

Emva koko, siya kufumanisa ukuba yintoni na umsebenzi esiswini kunye ukuhlalutya isakhiwo sayo.

Luquka macandelo enemiqathango alandelayo:

1. Wentliziyo (input) ecaleni. ndlela kwayo iimbambo 7 ngasekhohlo.
2. INqaba okanye nayiphi ezantsi leyo ibekwe kumngcipheko ekhohlo 5, ngakumbi ngqo, intlala yayo.
3. Iqumrhu esiswini.
4. Pyloric okanye pyloric. Ngamashishini esiswini na sphincter pyloric ukuba esahlula isisu ukusuka duodenum 12. Kwelivi wesango na ngaphambili phambi kwe-8 ekunene ubambo ekumbindi kunye ngasemva phakathi kwe 12 thoracic kunye 1 empontshwa vertebra.

Ukumila komzimba ufana umlobothi wakho. Oku ngokukhethekileyo kubonwa ngokucacileyo kwi-X-reyi. Esiswini uba ugobile encinane, nto leyo mayibhekiswe isibindi, yaye omkhulu ejongene udakada.

Udonga umzimba Wenziwe ziimaleko ezine, lowo engaphandle apho yena a serosa. Three nezinye umaleko - yangaphakathi:

1. Kwezihlunu.
2. Submucosal.
3. Singabhalwa.

Ngenxa imisipha umaleko nzima elele kuso submucosa, isifo iye nezibaya zemihlambi ezininzi. Imimandla lomzimba fundus ezi nezibaya abe ROOTN, longitudinal kunye ezinqamlezayo, yaye kummandla amagophe amancinci - longitudinal kuphela. Ngenxa isakhiwo enjalo isifo kumphezulu esiswini inyuswe kakhulu. Kube lula ukwetyisa of bolus ukutya.

imisebenzi

Yintoni umsebenzi esiswini? A lot of kubo. Sibala engundoqo.

• Motor.
• Secretory.
• Sokufunxa.
• Excretory.
• Kukhuseleko.
• Yonyango.

Nganye kwezi imisebenzi inkqubo ukwetyisa idlala indima enkulu. Ngaphezu koko, umsebenzi esiswini sihlolisise. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba inkqubo yokwetyisa iqala emlonyeni, kukho ukutya ngokusebenzisa kuvuleke iminxunya kungena esiswini.

umsebenzi motor

Esiswini, kukho ukugaywa ngakumbi. Motor umsebenzi nesisu zokwanda ubunzima ukutya, machining kwayo nokukhuthazwa ngakumbi emathunjini.

Ngexesha wokudla kunye kwimizuzu yokuqala emva kokuba isisu ekhululekile, nto leyo ekhuthaza ekufumbekeni ukutya kulo, kwaye ibonelela nokwabiwa secretion. Okulandelayo ukuqalisa intshukumo contractile, enika umaleko kwezihlunu. Ngenxa yoko kukho ukuxuba ubunzima ukutya juice esiswini.

Kuba umzimba umsipha yayiphawuleka ntlobo zilandelayo intshukumo:

• Peristaltic (esimfaneleko).
• ISystolic - zenzeka kwi pylorus.
• Wokuqinisa - negalelo ekunciphiseni ubungakanani isisu kwisisu (ezantsi umzimba wayo).

Emva kokufumana ukutya yokuqala amaza peristaltic ababuthathaka. Ekupheleni iyure yokuqala emva kwesidlo, ukuba ziyanyuswa, nto leyo ekhuthaza bolus ukutya yokuphuma esiswini. Xi kwinxalenye pyloric ukukhula isisu. sphincter Pyloric ivula yaye inxalenye ubunzima ukutya ongena duodenum 12. Kuhleli kukho inxalenye enkulu yale ubunzima ubuyela pylorus. Baphume umsebenzi esiswini ayikwazi lwahlulwe enjinini. Zinika nokutshixiza kunye iqhagamshela ubunzima yokutya negalelo ukufunxeka ngcono kwezondlo ethunjini.

umsebenzi Secretory. glands esiswini

Umsebenzi secretory ye nesisu iikhemikhali bolus iphathwa eziveliswa nge secretion. Ngosuku ukuba umntu omdala kuvelisa enye ukuya kwiilitha enye enesiqingatha yejusi esiswini. Oku kuquka a zehydrochloric acid kunye nenani enqanda: pepsin, lipase kunye chymosin.

Eliqhele kulo lonke uxakaxa gland komhlaba. Bona glands exocrine avelisa juice esiswini. umsebenzi esiswini buhlobene ngqo le mfihlakalo. Amadlala zahlulwe iintlobo eziliqela:

• Inhliziyo. Akhiwe cardia ekungeneni kulo mzimba. Ezi luqinisekisa bavelisa mucoid slizeobrazny mfihlakalo. Iqhuba umsebenzi zokuzikhusela isetyenziselwa ukukhusela isisu, yena self-ekugayeni.
• indlala enkulu okanye fundic. Akhiwe emazantsi kunye umzimba esiswini. Iveza juice esiswini equlethe pepsin kumafa yayo. Ngenxa ijusi eveliswe ukwetyisa yokutya kwenzeka mass.
• Intermediarnye ndlala. Ibekwe endaweni exineneyo intermediate phakathi umzimba esiswini kunye sango. Ezi luqinisekisa ukuvelisa secretion mucoid viscous ukuba awana kwaye ikhusela nesisu ukusuka incindi ndlongo esiswini. Kumafa yayo, kubandakanywa, kuquka zehydrochloric acid.
• ndlala Pyloric. Ibekwe ingxenye pyloric. Okunye, eveliswe ngabo, kudlala indima yokhuselo nxamnye bume asidi yesiselo esiswini.

umsebenzi Secretory esiswini inikwa iintlobo ezintathu iiseli: kwentliziyo, fundic, okanye eziphambili, kunye pyloric.

umsebenzi sokufunxa

Lo umzimba umsebenzi, kunokuba abe yesibini indima, t. K. Ukunciphisa ephambili kwenzeka ngayo izondlo ethunjini, apho ubunzima ukutya kuziswa kwi imeko apho umzimba kube lula kusetyenziswa onke ayimfuneko ukuze ubomi into ezayo evela ukutya ngaphandle.

umsebenzi excretory

Oku ukuba nkovu kunye negazi em- esiswini uthango iza kwezinye izinto, ezizezi:

• acid.
• Neeproteni.
• Uric acid.
• Urea.
• Electrolytes.

Ukuba uyazikhomba ezo zinto kwi ukunyuka igazi, kunye nokunikezelwa babo isisu inyuswe.

umsebenzi excretory esiswini ibaluleke ngokukodwa ngexesha lokuzila. Protein ezifumaneka egazini awukwazi kusetyenziswa iiseli zomzimba. Bathi kuphela onako ukukuqonda imveliso ekupheleni protein yokuwa - acid. Ukuvuka egazini kungena esiswini, apho neprothini leyo enzymatically phambili ngakumbi nokwahlula zibe asidi acid, ezithi ke ngoko ezisetyenziswa izihlunu zomzimba amalungu abalulekileyo.

zikhusela

Lo msebenzi kuqinisekiswa yimfihlo, kukhutshwe umzimba. amagciwane Ukuhlaselwa abulawa sesichengeni juice esiswini, ngakumbi ngqo, kunye zehydrochloric acid ekubeni kumafa yayo.

Ngaphezu koko, nesisu yenzelwe ukuze xa engena mgangathweni yokutya, iyakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba mazibuyiswe nokuthintela ukungena kwezinto ayingozi emathunjini. Ngenxa yoko, le nkqubo iza ukulumkisa ityhefu.

umsebenzi yonyango

Lo msebenzi wenziwa iiseli ezidalwe esiswini, apho zifumaneka umaleko yayo mucosal. Ezi seli ukuvelisa iihomoni ngaphezu kwe-10 abakwaziyo ukulawula umsebenzi esiswini kunye nenkqubo yokucola ukutya kwaye yonke eziphilayo. Ezi hormone ziquka:

• Gastrin - eveliswe uninzi esiswini G-iiseli. UMthetho asidi juice esiswini, linoxanduva Yindibanisela zehydrochloric acid, kwakunye ukusebenza ngomhla function motor.
• Deli - abangaphangeliyo kwimveliso zehydrochloric acid.
• Somatostatin - abangaphangeliyo ukuba Yindibanisela insulin glucagon.
• Bombesin - le hormone kuhlelwe zombini yi esiswini kunye emathunjini amancinci proximal. Phantsi impembelelo yayo iyazingenela ukukhululwa gastrin. Ichaphazela kwakhona ukuncitshiswa esinyini inyongo nomsebenzi enzyme pancreatic.
• Bulbogastron - abangaphangeliyo le secretory kunye motor umsebenzi esiswini.
• Duokrinin - lukwakhuthaza secretion kwe-12 duodenum.
• peptide Vasoactive isisu (VIP). Le hormone kuhlelwe kuzo zonke iindawo zaloo phecana zesisu. It abangaphangeliyo ukuba Yindibanisela pepsin kunye zehydrochloric acid kunye buyasikhulula kwizihlunu kakuhle senyongo.

Siye safumanisa ukuba inkqubo yokwetyiswa ukunika imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yomzimba indima ebalulekileyo eyadlalwa esiswini. Isakhiwo umsebenzi ngayo kananjalo ezichongiweyo.

izifo ezisebenzayo

Izifo iphecana wokudla, idla ngokwenzeka kwaphula nasiphi na isakhiwo sayo. Ukophulwa imisebenzi esiswini gama kukho kaninzi. ezimbi enjalo ndithethe kuphela xa isigulane ngethuba loviwo lubonise akukho izitshanguba somgquba umzimba.

Ukutyeshelwa secretory okanye motility esiswini kunokwenzeka ubuhlungu ukuqunjelwa. Kodwa unyango olufanelekileyo, ezi nguqu badla ingathityazwa.