Umhlaza umqala - umyalezo kunye symptomatology

Umhlaza umqala - umhlaza ngokubanzi eqhelekileyo, oko ebhaliswe malunga ezintandathu abantu abayi-100 amawaka abantu .. basengozini kule sifo Abantu abaneminyaka eyi-40 ukuya kuma-80. Ethelekiswa abafazi amaxesha 20 kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba umhlaza umqala.

Emqaleni Cancer - Oonobangela

Oogqirha baye babizwa izizathu ezininzi ezingabangela umhlaza umqala: ukutya, okuneziqholo, ekutyeni okushushu ezinetyuwa (into ngendlela ukutyabuka), ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala, imbali yosapho, ukutshaya, ukubekwa carcinogens zeekhemikhali, ukunqongophala yococeko esisiseko em- ngomlomo, kwakunye phambi ukudumba ezingapheliyo iinkqubo kwingqula. Izinto ezibangela komzimba ubuntwana, iiseli ezingaqhelekanga kuthiwa carcinogens. biosoedineniyam ezinjalo ziquka izinto ezahlukeneyo enuka kamnandi, isinyithi, iiplastiki, alkoholi, phenols, aldehydes, ezinye sezakhi (umz, inicotine) apho angasebenzisana iiseli acid ideoxyribonucleic, ngoxa ebangela inguqu lwabo amabi. Kufuneka ke ukuba nimqumbise ukuyilwa iiseli umhlaza nga iikhemikhali kuphela, kodwa emzimbeni (radiation ionizing), kwamadlala (iihomoni steroid kunokubangela umhlaza webele), bemvelo (iintsholongwane) zinto, asimele silibale malunga yofuzo yomntu ngamnye.

izifo Precancerous iingcali bohlulwa babe ngamaqela amabini. Nesibopho (isifo ezinezinga eliphezulu yobubi) - papillomatosis kunye papilloma. Iqela lesibini liquka isifo ozikhethelayo (nge-njalo of yobubi) - cyst, fibroma. Kuphuhliso ezi zifo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo bioregulators iqala - iihomoni.

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu ukukhula ithumba: papillary, nodular, infiltrative. Yamathumba zihlelwa ngokweendawo zabo eyendawo: yamathumba le Imihlubulo eziphuma emlonyeni, vestibular, podskladochnye. Iinkcukacha-manani zibonisa ukuba ngaphezu kwe-95% kuzo zonke yamathumba amabi zinikwa laryngeal carcinomas cell carcinoma womqala.

Umhlaza emqaleni luphawulwa ukuyilwa ithumba, nto leyo yenzelwe ukuba nezihlunu pharynx kunye kwingqula. Neoplasms kwi pharynx kunye kwingqula efanayo kwezinye ngamnye (morphology, yiklinikhi), ngoko ke baphathwa kwicandelo elifanayo. Ngexesha inkqubo neoplasms amabi sikhule mucosal inyama kwaye zichaphazela amalungu ezikufutshane.

Ekubeni entanyeni unalo isixa esikhulu igazi nkovu nempahla, oku kakhulu nzima unyango kwesi sifo. Ubukho ephuphumayo igazi kunye ezahlukeneyo iinqanawa nkovu kunye iindawo ukudala iimeko ithembisa ukuba umhlaza kunye Ukudlulela Ukwakheka. Umhlaza emqaleni lidla yenzelwe le nasopharynx, oropharynx okanye hypopharynx. Kwiimeko ezininzi i-ithumba sibhaliwe nasopharynx.

Abaninzi banomdla umbuzo: njani umhlaza umqala? Iimpawu zokuqala ukuyilwa yamathumba umhlaza uneempawu bomntwana lwezonyango, ngoko ke badidekile lula kunye nezinye izifo. Iimpawu oqhelekileyo ndinentlungu engapheliyo umqala kunye indlebe, ukungase-, hoarseness, intloko ebuhlungu, igazi, ematheni, kunzima ukuthetha kwisigulana, iindawo nkovu idumbile entanyeni, umoya embi, eziva ubuhlungu xa ukuginya. Phezu uhlolo olubonakalayo kwisisu ngomlomo ukubonisa isifo yhazi nolwimi. Xa efumanise ezi mpawu kufuneka kwaoko andibhekisanga kunye neengcali ezinamava.

Isiseko unyango isekelwe ngeendlela ezintathu: utyando, ichemotherapy okanye unyango radiation. Iindlela ezimbini yokugqibela sineenjongo ezingatshabalalisa iiseli undifferentiated. Xa surgery ususa umhlaza ezingqongileyo iindawo nkovu.