Ukuthengiswa kotywala umntwana. UMthetho kokuthintela zokuthengisa utywala

Kakhulu futhi kubalulekile umba, nkqu imilinganiselo namhlanje, ukuthengiswa kotywala ubuso minor. Ingozi umthetho onjalo? Yintoni na isohlwayo kakuhle? Konke oku kuya kuxoxwa ngazo kweli nqaku.

iimpawu umthetho

Qaphela ukuba, benesidima kunye nendlela esempilweni yobomi babantwana babo ubathobele abazali. Noko ke, kule imeko kwinqanaba kufanele kwenziwe high-high umsebenzi yokulwa kolutsha butywala. Ngoko ke, ngo-2016 inani alkogolezavisimyh ongumntwana phantse-14 amawaka. Man. Kodwa oku kunxulumene kuphela manani ezisemthethweni, amanani bokwenyaniso kakhulu ukuba aphezulu kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, la manani zibonisa into enye kuphela: ukubonelela umsebenzi ngempumelelo zombini noluntu kunye kwinqanaba intrafamily.

Kuthekani indima edlalwa ngurhulumente mpi? Wayeqhuba kusetyenziswa kakhulu ukukhuthaza ubomi obusempilweni, kwaye kananjalo ngenxa bakhusele komgomo ezinjalo, ezifana nokuthengisa utywala senze. Iimpawu ze sigulo emibuzo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

• uxanduva lolawulo ngenxa ukuhlukunyezwa eyodwa;
• nobutyala ngenxa nokuhluthwa amaxesha ngaphezulu ezimbini kweenyanga ezintandathu.

I eyingozi ngakumbi ukuthengiswa kotywala senze?

Kukho abantu (abadala kakhulu) abakholelwa ukuba uthenge utywala - into zabucala zomntu ngamnye, kuquka elivisayo. Kakade ke, oku sibi nomgwebo ngempazamo. Awukwazi bathelekise izisombululo abadala kunye kukunyaba kunye Ukungabinalwazi bantwana. Ulawulo abantwana kufuneka kusoloko phezu yinxalenye yentsapho kunye norhulumente. Kungenjalo, iingxaki zilandelayo zibonisa up kuluntu lwethu;

• impembelelo etshabalalisayo zotywala emzimbeni umntwana (ephule enkulu yomsebenzi emzimbeni nasengqondweni);
• lwentlalo ingozi: kokuphuma ulwaphulo-mthetho, enkulu inani anti-social izenzo;
• amaqondo aphantsi kuphuhliso lwezoqoqosho, yenkcubeko neyentlalo kurhulumente.

Ukuvela ezi ngxaki ziye enokuchatshazelwa kakhulu ukuthengiswa kotywala ubuso minor. Kungenxa yoko le Russia yamkela umthetho yokuthengiswa kotywala senze (esimalunga nomqathango intengiso umthetho).

Ngubani na umntwana?

Kude kube ngoku, esi uluntu Russian kukho ukungaqondi malunga koko, xa engakanani ngobudala ukuthenga iziselo ezinxilisayo. Abaninzi baya kuthi ukuba lo yobudala Kudala kwaziwa - yiyo yobudala emntaneni. Nangona kunjalo, amatyathanga ezininzi lentengiso athengisa utywala kubemi engama-21 ubudala, yaye akukho wumbi. Kulo mzekelo, umthetho uthi?

Enyanisweni, yonke ilula. Ngokusesikweni, le ukuthengiswa iziselo ezinxilisayo livumelekile ukuba abantu abaye attained kweminyaka elishumi elinesibhozo. Noko ke, iivenkile ezininzi unelungelo ukuseka imithetho yayo yokuziphatha kunye nokuthengiswa kubantu abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-21 (nge endleleni, lo mkhwa uye eSoviet Union kwaye isasetyenziswa nangoku kumazwe amaninzi Western). Kukho enye ingongoma ukuba unako ukuhlawula ingqalelo: ukufunyanwa yokuqala umthamo (iminyaka eli-16 ubuncinane). Nangona kunjalo, ukuthengiswa kotywala bantu bill ayithi nto.

Ingaba umthetho nayinto amapolisa?

Uninzi lwabemi Russian baziwa ngokuba iingxelo ethile kamabonwakude malunga nendlela catch amapolisa abathengisa abanganyanisekanga utywala "kwi kokuloba ubomi." ingaba loo imisebenzi kuvunyelwe? Yintoni lo mthetho uthi ukuthengiswa kotywala senze? Kufuneka ukuba siyiqonde.

Ukususela ngokombono iinkundla, imilinganiselo echazwe apha ngentla, njengoko batshovo, phezu brink. Oku kungenxa yokuba umthetho olawula umsebenzi yokusebenza-uphendlo, ayinikeli inxaxheba kwimisebenzi ezinjalo abantwana. Nangona kunjalo, amagosa asebupoliseni wasebenzisa kroba zomthetho, kokuqwalasela ofikisayo, kungekhona njengamalungu ukusebenza, kwakunye abathengi ngqo. Noko ke, iinkundla banelungelo babize abaququzeleli bale imisebenzi enjalo akhawunti (ngokungqinelana neSiqendu 14.16 kweKhowudi Administrative).

Ukuthengiswa kotywala umntwana: kwetyala

Zeziphi imigaqo esemthethweni elawula ukuvalwa yokuthengisa utywala senze? Ngqo ibhekisa kubutyala la maxwebhu alandelayo:

• Umthetho 171 ka 1995. Yiyo lo mthetho lilawula nengeniso lweemveliso utywala kummandla we-Russian Federation.
• Inqaku 14.16 weNdlela of Administrative Amatyala of the Russian Federation (CAO). Ngokutsho kwakhe, kuba amapolisa zonke iingxelo eziyimfuneko kwi ukunyhashwa xa kuthengiswa utywala. Aziyeke kunye nokuthengiswa kotywala senze.
• Inqaku 151,1 ye-Code Criminal. Oku kusetyenziswa xa kuqwalaselwa isenzo angaweli phantsi inqaku weKhowudi zoLawulo, yaye ngoko, akukho mthetho, njengoko sele ulwaphulo langoku. On kunokuba umthengisi enetyala abathengisa utywala senze ngendlela ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

yokuhlukumeza bokwakha

Intengiso iziselo ezinxilisayo kugqalwa unetyala ngokufa xa wazibonakalisa ngokupheleleyo ubunyani zentengiso, wabeka Umthengisi yesazisi kwaye zingeniswe isigwebo esifanelekileyo. Kwangoko kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba izohlwayo lokuthengisa esikhulu semali. Ngenxa yoko, isohlwayo yemali, ngokungqinelana neSiqendu 14.16 ye-Code zoLawulo, nabo bonke kunokulonakalisa ezinye iivenkile ezincinane.

Yaye yintoni na enokuthethwa kuthengiswa utywala phantsi kweminyaka abemi elinesibhozo nje ulwaphulo-mthetho? Kule meko kufuneka kwaba umthetho ngokuphinda-phindiweyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba amisele umhla ngqo phakathi ukunyhashwa. Ngoko ke, ukuba ngaphantsi kweentsuku ezili-180, isenzo ekuthethwa sele lulwaphulo-mthetho (inxalenye yayo esesikweni). Kule ngenjongo Seller ziya kuqwalaselwa ngqo yaye, ke ngoko, isohlwayo uya kuba efanelekileyo.

Inoxanduva lokuphendla yokuthengisa utywala senze

Oku, ekugqibeleni, ukujongana kanye isohlwayo sigulo kuthethwa. Yintoni esongela abathengisi abanganyanisekanga ukuthengisa (okanye kwakhona intengiso) iziselo ezinxilisayo ukuba abantwana abafikisayo? Yeyiphi kuhle ukuthengisa utywala senze ubuncamela umthetho?

Umntu wemvelo, ngokutsho Code Administrative uya kunyanzeleka ukuba uhlawule 30 ukuya kuma-50 amawaka. Engange. Official - ukusuka nekhulu ukuya elinamanci mabini amawaka. abantu Legal uya ubunzima ngakumbi. Ngenxa yoko, ngexesha mthetho kufuneka ayenze, ebuncwaneni inkundla 300 ukuya amawaka 500. Engange.

Ngaphezu koko, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iinketho sisohlwayo phantsi Code Criminal. Sithetha ngalo ulwaphulo-mthetho, kwaye ngokukodwa, malunga nini ukuba angakubhengeza ukuthengisa kwakhe utywala senze, okanye ngaphezulu ncam, malunga nakwenzeka worhwebo enjalo akahoywa, kunye neemveliso ezifanayo abantwana okanye elivisayo kwenye indawo zentengiso ingelilo ixesha lokuqala iintsuku ezili-180. Ngoko ke, kulo mzekelo, ukucwangcisa isohlwayo ukuya ku-80 amawaka. Engange, okanye umsebenzi oluleko unyaka ukuya komnye. Le nkundla inokuwisa, kwaye umlomo phambili umsebenzi umamkeli okanye umthengisi.

Yintoni isohlwayo ukuba nabathengisi wanika utywala kubantu phantsi inkcazelo esekwe ubudala evenkileni? Kakade ke, sithetha malunga neenethiwekhi zorhwebo, ekusekeni umgaqo onjalo ( 'Ndithengisele utywala malunga 21 neminyaka "). Kungenxa yoko le nto sohlwayo simisela ivenkile ngokwayo (ngokommiselo, inkcazo yomsebenzi njalo njalo. D.).

Yintoni nomthengisi?

Umthengisi Masithi wabanjwa yokuthengisa utywala elivisayo. Njengoko kudla ngokwenzeka kwiimeko ezinjalo, yena uyavuma ityala lakhe, uthi malunga kukunyaba lakhe nokunganaki. Yintoni ibe uphuhliso ngakumbi iziganeko? Umqeshwa urwebo kuya kufuneka uhlawule isohlwayo elikhulu yaye akuyi kusinda? Ngokomthetho, kufuneka ukuba indlela. Kuphephe uxanduva andiyi emsebenzini, kodwa ukuhamba ngokoqobo isigwebo. Kodwa njani? Kukho iindlela ezimbini. One - alula kunye ngempumelelo: kuvuma ityala uze ucele isohlwayo ubuncinane. Le ndlela yesibini ilungele ngokude hayi bonke. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba umthengisi bacela amaxwebhu ezincinane, yaye ityala. Xa yokundwendwela waye komhla wokuzalwa. Kamva afika ukuba amaxwebhu abo fake okanye ngokupheleleyo ebiwe. Kufuneka wenze ntoni kule meko? Ukuba siyakwazi ukufumana ngandlela ithile umntwana okanye ukuqinisekisa ngumgwebi lenyaniso leendaba ezi meko (kwidatha locupho, ubungqina, etc .. njl ..), Kusenokwenzeka kukwazi ukunciphisa nasiphi na isohlwayo kwaye ayizange ilandele.

Indlela qiniseka kuphela ukuphepha uxanduva ulwaphulo enjalo, njengoko ukuthengiswa kotywala senze (inqaku 14.16 of the Code Ulawulo) - oko kusoloko kukho amaxwebhu imfuno kubantu abatsha.

isiphelo

arhente zohlolo Russian mayihlale ngenxa yokuba yokuthengiswa kotywala kulutsha akwenziwanga. Ngenxa yoko, izohlwayo omkhulu ejoliswe zithande ukuba bonakalise iplagi. Amaxesha amaninzi le njongo Rosalkogolregulirovanie oxhaphaza ivenkile iphepha-mvume lokuthengisa utywala.

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, manyathelo angentla gqiba ukuthengiswa kotywala senze ezibhaliswe Code of the Russian Federation. Kuyabonakala ukuba kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo, phambi ngoDisemba 2013th, kuba lityala fanayo iindlela ezahlukeneyo ngokupheleleyo isohlwayo. Ixabiso le entle ingawangqi- mayingagqithi engange amawaka amahlanu, yaye ngokwawo isohlwayo ngemali umoni uya kuhlawuliswa kuphela xa kwayo umthetho izihlandlo eziliqela. Kakade ke, imali kuphela ezinjalo umqobo abanye oosomashishini, kunye ilahleko ekungenwe zagutyungelwa iinzuzo evela kwintengiso iziselo ezinxilisayo. Kubonakala ukuba emva Disemba 2013 ixabiso lemali eya kuvuswa iqumrhu elisemthethweni yokuthengisa utywala kubemi ngaphantsi kweminyaka eli-18 ubudala, linyukile amaxesha-10, oko kukuthi phantse imali elinganayo, wobeka phi na isikali lokusela abantwana utywala nzima linyukile.