Ngubani e Greece yamandulo ebizwa ootitshala? Imisebenzi katitshala e Greece yamandulo

BC More, abantu baye bazama ngandlela zonke ukuba ukuhlola olujongwayo lubonwe. Ngelo xesha isakramente zokwakha izakhiwo wezakhiwo zisala izibalo, ezisekelwe phezu "isiseko" yeprojekthi elizayo. Loo zezibalo zamaGrike bakwazi ukunika inkxaso kwinzululwazi. Yaye bambalwa siyazi ukuba inzalelwane beli lizwe yakhiwa zonke izimiso yemfundo yenkqubo yabantwana abathi kamva kuphuhliswa oosonzululwazi yaseYurophu kunye zobulumko.

Yintoni? Kakade ke, ootitshala. Bezizwe kuqala siqonde ukuba ulwazi Akwanelanga ukugcina - kufuneka udlule. Indlela kuphela ukuphuhlisa nokuphucula. Yaba amaGrike amandulo liqalise inkqubo yemfundo yesinyanzelo lokuqala, kwaye ngenkuthalo ngokuphuhlisa inkqubo kwizikolo zeli lizwe liphela. Nkqu yiSparta angalaleli kakhulu amandla aleleyo pedagogy kunye namathuba oko inikeza ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuqwalasela zonke iinkcukacha zoqeqesho, iwabonakalalise umba obalulekileyo kwinkalo yemfundo - wanibizayo ootitshala Greece yamandulo?

ukuganga iimbandezelo

isibini ngasinye, apho ekugqibeleni baba umkhaya, ukuba babe nabantwana. Yaye ke kokufika wosana ukuya sibini sele ngokuzenzekelayo wabelwa zonke iintlobo noxanduva: oku ukunqulwa yesithethe nokwamkelwa unqulo yonke imisebenzi zonqulo sizukulwana azalwa.

Ukuzalwa amazibulo Eneneni uloyiso lokwenene. Emnyango wendlu, apho kwakukho unesi, ihonjiswe kunye namasebe omnquma kunye imisonto yoboya. Baby sasihlambela isixovulelo yamanzi lowo kongezwa namafutha omnquma enyulu kunye newayini.

Kodwa abantu abasoloko nentembelo ngutata wakhe. Kokulinda emva kweveki ngokuqaphela iimpawu zobuso ngendlela umntwana, nkqu ke balungiselela iholide yokwenene zonke iindwendwe.

Warriors ebuntwaneni

Imfundo e Greece yamandulo yabanjwa kubanjiswene kunye nezithethe zenkcubeko ngohlobo oluthile. Kwakukho, Kakade, kunye izimiso jikelele ngenxa yabantu bonke, kodwa ngamnye intsapho kunye neminqweno yabo.

Inkoliso zigxininise kwimfundo welungelo lokhokho, oko ngokukweka wabhekisela isiqingatha eyindoda.

Ukususela ebuntwaneni, abazali bakhulisa abantwana babo amazwi izilumko kaHomer. Le misebenzi zaye zonke waziqaba kwaye yakhiwe, ingakumbi imithetho yokuziphatha kwabantu ekuhlaleni. Le ndoda kwafuneka ukuyibuyisa lokhokho, izenzo ezenziwa kuphela kubantu bakhe.

zivuthiwe

Ukulungiselela ubomi abadala lwenziwa ngokwahlukeneyo amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana, ukuba bonke abantu ukuba benze aksenti yakhe kuqeqesho.

Amadoda babelindeleke ukuba babe nako ukubhala, ukufunda, ukwazi iingoma ezimbalwa ezikumila wamajoni, ukuze bafunde imbali kunye nentsingiselo izithethe zonqulo. Kakade ke, lo kwithambeka enkulu baya kuqeqesho ngokomzimba mlilo. Iimvavanyo abazange lula. Abantu abatsha baye bafumana ubunzima penny lokwenene: yindlala, iintlungu, ubushushu zingenakunyamezeleka, ukubanda njalo njalo.

Emva kwezi "kwizifundo" yamalungiselelo amakhwenkwe wabagxotha esibingelelweni yesithixokazi uArtemis wabethwa ngeentonga. Abo abaziphumeleleyo uvavanyo olulandelayo, waya kuleli lizwe ngaphandle ngeendlela zokuphila nkqu ubuncinane zokukhululana. Ukuze athwale yaye savunyelwa ukuba anelise kunye nendoda eqinileyo waba elite kuluntu.

isabelo kwabasetyhini

Njengoko kwisiqingatha emihle, ukuya kwiminyaka esixhenxe babephantsi ngabalondolozi neneni yakhe ezimanzi okanye nanny. Okulandelayo, zazifundiswa ukujija, aluka, ukujonga emva kokuba ifama. Kodwa nantsi zihlandlo yemfundo ukusuka kudidi 'ukufunda, ukubhala "kuhlawulwa ubuncinane ixesha.

Umzekelo, imfundo amantombazana eAthene kwakuxhomekeke abazali kunye neminqweno yabo, kodwa Sparta, nobuhle abatsha ukwenza imithambo zemithambo nokulwa namadoda-amagorha.

Kwakhona wafundisa amantombazana bayacula bengqungqa ngokunjalo nendima yabafazi kwimisitho yonqulo yayiphila.

Le mfundiso - ukukhanya

Isikolo yokuqala Greece yamandulo yavela ngenkulungwane V. BC Umxholo wezemfundo yaba ubhetyebhetye kakhulu, ngasekhohlo ithambeka zenzululwazi ezahlukeneyo.

Abazali phantse kwasekuzalweni igqiba ngubani ukuba umntwana, yaye ngokuxhomekeke iminqweno othunyelwe kwenye kwizikolo:

1. eMileto School - in yokuqala wobuntu yaye isicelo inzululwazi bulumko.

2. Ukuqokelelwa kwe Pythagoreans - ulwazi iimpawu amanani ngobhalo ubunye emhlabeni.

3. Institution of Heraclitus-Efese - ekufundweni nesenzeko endalo kunye imfazwe.

4. Elea School - iingxaki kuvulwa into nokufunda.

5. Atomists - athom bafunda kunye amasuntswana eziphathekayo.

kusekho izikolo zamandulo zamaGrike ngazo: ekufuneni kubukho lokuqala, bulumko ezivulekileyo kunye neengcinga kunye ingcaciso ngezenzeko abangaziwayo ezivelayo kokusingqongileyo.

Ngoko ke phantsi kwemiqathango kwi umanyano yabantu, kwaye umahluko phakathi iingqondo wayengekho kakhulu.

ukuzimisela engafanelekile

Kodwa, eGrisi amandulo ekuthiwa ootitshala?

Kungenzeka, uya ucinga ukuba aba bantu abo bafumana imfundo ezizodwa, ukuqhubeka ukuba igunya kule ndawo. Kodwa oku akuyonyaniso.

Kumaxesha amandulo ukujika "ikhoboka elithembekileyo-ukuba ootitshala" iqulethe ukuchongwa kwamagama ezinxulumeneyo. Oku ikakhulu amadoda ungafanelekanga ukuba umsebenzi ngokwasemzimbeni kuyo nayiphi inkalo yomsebenzi, ngoko baziswa ekhaya. babezinikele kusapho kunye ubomi kwindawo yokuqala.

Imisebenzi ye njengekhoboka enjalo ukukhangela emva zabantwana ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka esixhenxe. Utitshala-Utitshala elimgcinayo yewadi yakhe xa eshiya indlu, kunye sisikolo kunye noluntu iziganeko. Kwakhona ndayibeka ulwazi lokufunda nokubhala kwinqanaba aphantsi.

Konke oku kwaqhubeka de ubudala xa abantwana niwugqithe embundwini sivuthiwe kunye ubulumko ethile.

Not ngaphandle kunye namabhinqa kulo msebenzi. Baye yaba umfundisi ulwimi isiGrike, ngokusisiseko kubabeka kubantwana abancinane.

concept of imfundo

Kuphela ngexesha lethu, abantu (umzekelo, uphando historical) bamangalisiwe ngokuba ngubani Greece yamandulo ebizwa ootitshala.

Ngelo xesha, imfundiso iindlela zokufundisa bazalwa njenge bulumko flow okhethekileyo. concepts senkolelo yakhuthaza zobulumko enkulu - Democritus, uSocrates, uPlato noAristotle. Mngeni zichongwe inkqubo yemfundo kunye nemithetho yendalo kunye wavula isithethe usapho ngokusebenzisa iimfundiso bulumko.

Democritus wafunda komuntu kunye nemisebenzi yayo.

USocrates wamisa into yokuba imfundo engcono - yinto ingxoxo kunye nabafundi, njengoko kuphela imbono efanayo kwenkcazelo ukufumana iziphumo ezincumisayo.

UPlato wafunda ngaphezu umba ebukhobokeni pedagogy. Wabhala imisebenzi emibini - "The State" yaye "imithetho."

Aristotle kuzo zonke zijongwe bemilo yehlabathi zendalo. Injongo yemfundo ukuqonda yakhe yahlulwe kabini: uphuhliso imiphefumlo macala ezikrelekrele kwaye womelele-enokususwa.

Ngelo xesha, yaMandulo Greece ngokufutshane kodwa ngokucacileyo gqitha izimiso zabo kwinkqubo yemfundo. Kwaye ezi ndidi kolwazi bengqondo komntwana alaqhenqetha kuphela kweli lizwe.

ukudlulisa ulwazi esizukulwaneni

Namhlanje, le lwazi yamandulo - koko ootitshala asebenza, akunamsebenzi nokuba yintoni na isifundo. Noko kunjalo, le mithombo ekhokelela Greece yamandulo.

Bulumko akusoloko kuba kucace odlulayo akanankathalo yi eziqhelekileyo, kodwa lowo ofuna ukuqonda ihlabathi, Musa ukuboyika iingxaki.

Kwaye abantu abakulungeleyo kwaye uzimisele ukusebenza kwi kwinkalo yemfundo, uyacebiswa ukuba siqwalasele lo mba wokuba ngubani Greece yamandulo ebizwa ootitshala. Emva kokuba kudlule iminyaka emininzi, intsingiselo yamanye amagama zatshintsha, kwaza oko kwabangela ubunzima ubuncwane zexabiso - abantwana.