Ukufumana Museum-Manor "Tsarina"? "Tsaritsyno" (Museum-Estate): amaxabiso, iifoto kunye nokusebenza

Engasezantsi eMoscow yinto wembali ibhotwe kunye park entsonkothileyo ekhethekileyo, oko kukuthi lesikhumbuzo mkhulu izakhiwo, imbali nenkcubeko. "Tsarina" - open-air imyuziyam.

Ukusuka kwimbali sinzima

Iindawo ukuba namhlanje tsalela Tsarina, ziye kwaziwa ukususela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVI. Ngaloo mihla le fiefdom udade Borisa Godunova kaThixo, Tsarina Irina. Emva koko ke lali ngokuba Bogorodskoye. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XVI Izakhiwo Queen batshatyalaliswa, le ndawo kwaba senkangala, ukuxubana kwamachibi zihleli, nto leyo ifakwe Godunov.

Ukususela ngo 1633 le ndawo yaziwa ngokuba emnyama. Abanikazi lali baba izinduna Streshneva, izalamane yokumkani yokuqala Romanov ubukhosi - uMikhail Fedorovich.

Ngowe-1684, kwilali olinene yelo wanikezela nomzukulwana wakhe - A. V. Golitsynu, ngubani luthandwa lwe inkosazana Nozipho. Xa wazidla, yena, ipropati Golitsyn zilahlwe inikwa kurhulumente.

Ngowe-1712 phantsi ngommiselo Peter I nelizwe Black Ukungcola ekufuphi ocande ilifa Prince Cantemir - Mufumi aseMoldova, ally Russian abanyanisekileyo longquzulwano ne Turkey. Le Cantemir ubunini omtsha zamakhela ibhotwe ngomthi phezu kwentaba.

Tsarina uCatherine II e

Yakuba i-Grand uKumkanikazi, edlula kummandla ngodaka emnyama, wachukumiseka gqitha kukubona ubuhle bezi ndawo yaye ngaphandle kokuthandabuza bathenga kwilifa Prince Cantemir. Oku kwenzeka ngo-1775. Ukuba ihlobo kuba uKumkanikazi yakhe ozithandayo Prince Potemkin kwakhiwa ibhotwe somthi, eliquka amagumbi ezintandathu kuphela, kwaye isithuba ofisi kakhulu kuyimfuneko.

Ngowe-1775, uKumkanikazi uCatherine II wayalela ukuba ukwakha kule sayithi a yokuhlala ukuzonwabisa ngaphandle eMoscow. Yenza iprojekthi wasibeka qheliselo neTumim wezakhiwo omkhulu V. Bazhenov. UKumkanikazi wayenqwenela ukuba isakhiwo indawo Moorish okanye Gothic, isimbo, kwaye park yafakwa ngathi yomhlaba.

Museum "Tsaritsino" eMoscow

Ngowe-1984, le park wabonakala kwi Tsaritsyno Museum lobugcisa kunye nemisebenzi yezandla. Ngeli xesha baqala ukubuyiselwa izakhiwo ezininzi ezintsonkothileyo. Ngowe-1993, wafumana ixesha ebalulekileyo ubume myuziyam-Reserve, yaye ezinye kwexesha kamva yaqukwa kuluhlu lwe ezikhumbuzo yenkcubeko ezibalulekileyo federal kunye nembali. Ukususela ngo-2005, i-Museum-Estate "Tsarina" laba impahla yesixeko eMoscow. Ngelo xesha kwi kwilifa iqale lokubuyiselwa. imisebenzi Landscape bakhokelwa ngumzobi M. R. Morinoy. Okwangoku imisebenzi eqhubekayo ukwenzela ukuphucula kunye nokubuyiselwa iipaki - Bahrushinki kunye Orekhovskaya eludinini.

Sesigodlo "Tsaritsyno"

Le complex, ezakhiwe abakhi kakhulu kwinkulungwane XVIII, V. Bazhenov, kamva ibikade utshintsho. Grand Palace ezakhiwa ngamathuba ukususela 1786 ukuya 1796 kwisiza kwe izakhiwo pre-alihlahlelwanga Bazhenovo. umfundi wakhe sakhiwe womzobi enkulu Matvei Kazakov. Ngandlel 'ithile, oko uza kuphinda ingcamango Bazhenov. Oku kusekelwe - imilo square apho emagumbini apho amalungiselelo uCatherine II, kunye Tsesarevicha Pavla amaphiko amabini. "Wings" izakhiwo eziqhagamshelene yinxalenye eliphakathi ukufeza magingxigingxi. Noko ke, nangona kukho eqaqambileyo pseudo-elements - iinqaba, nezingqameko Lancet, xa isigqibo sayo wakomkhulu kufutshane izimiso classicism: ukwahlulwa yinxalenye ezithathu olungaphambili, ulingano engqongqo, intsalela siswele. Ubukhulu becala Big Tsaritsyno Palace kubonisa "ngamandla kakumkani." Awunazo Bazhenov ndandifeketha na kanti ukudlala.

Ngenxa ukufa ngesiquphe uKumkanikazi Palace asigqitywanga. Akazange lisusiwe. Kuphela 2005-2007, imyuziyam "Tsarina" wadalwa (photo ungabona kwinqaku lethu). Namhlanje le ndawo yokhenketho ethandwa kakhulu.

Museum-Estate "Tsarina": Petit Palais

Zonke iindwendwe lomculo eyahlukileyo etsala kwibhotwe encinane phezu kwentaba kufutshane elunxwemeni Upper Pond, kufutshane Ice Bridge. It is eyakhelwe Vasiliem Bazhenovym ngo-1776-1778 ngokulandelelanayo. Esi sakhiwo ubungakanani obuncinane, kunokuba efana ngumnquba epakini, zinokuhonjiswa monogram ye uKumkanikazi. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye izakhiwo Ilula zinokuhonjiswa "Tsaritsyno", le omfuziselo izukileyo ezintle - umhombiso kuphela isakhiwo, ngaphandle kokuba ungqameko eliphezulu entsonkothileyo. Kukho kwinguqulo ibhotwe yayakhelwe uKumkanikazi ukuba wachitha ixesha apha umdlalo card, nto leyo zithandwa kakhulu.

Kwindawo encinci Bazhenov likwazile ukwenza amagumbi ezintandathu. Ababini kubo zincinane kangangokuba umntu omnye kuphela banokuba kubo. Mhlawumbi oku na igumbi ixesha. Igumbi kakhulu iphangalele elimbhoxo ephambili. Ukususela iifestile eli gumbi inikeza umbono omangalisayo ichibi eliphezulu. Kwibhotwe bonke amanqugwala isilingi.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XIX kokuba isetyenziswe njenge shop ikofu, apho watyelelwa uhamba epakini. Emva koko ke clink yabalindi ilifa. Kwixesha elizayo, akasayi kusetyenziswa waza wajika waya yamanxuwa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane XX. Iminyaka esixhenxe (1989-1996 GG.), Isakhiwo ngokutsha. Ngoku ke Imiboniso olondolozo lwembali wenziwe.

indlu isonka

Amawaka abakhenkethi ngonyaka tyelela i "Tsaritsyno". Manor, Park Museum, imithombo kunye, Kakade ke, iNdlu isonka umdla apha iindwendwe kuphela kwilizwe lethu kodwa avela kwamanye amazwe.

Bread House - isakhiwo, inxalenye lomculo ekhethekileyo, eyakhiwa ngumzobi V. Bazhenov unekhono 1785. Oku kufanele ingqalelo omnye kakhulu eyoqobo nenomdla izakhiwo zakhe. Ukongeza, ukuba isakhiwo inkulu womzobi, ugcinwe nje kuphela "Tsarina", kodwa zonke eMoscow.

Igama Bread House waba kubulela ngenkulungwane XIX ekusindeni kwi lwefacade ngaphambili imikrolo eziphakamileyo ebonisa isonka kunye netyuwa shaker.

Le isakhiwo isakhiwa njenge cabinet nekhitshi. Kanye ngo-1786, akanelisekanga Bazhenova n II umyili bagxothwa yesakhiwo kwilifa "Tsarina" ebakhokela ukuba babe M. Kazakov.

Kitchen Isonka House ixesha elithile sele isetyenziselwa injongo eyenzelwe yona. Kukwakho nesithuba ofisi Tsaritsin kwilifa.

Ngowe-1849, ngokomyalelo uNicholas I le projekthi ye kukhubazeko kwesakhiwo phantsi poorhouse kunye esibhedlele yasekwa. Ngowe-1852, isibhedlele wavula apho abalimi. Ngowe-1920, xa isakhiwo woluntu wabonakala ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokuthe ngcembe kuyo yonke ezinikezelwa lonke, Ndidlala kwelimiweyo lomzimba. Yayiqhubeka de 70s kwinkulungwane yokugqibela.

Active umsebenzi wokubuyisela yaqala ngo-2005, xa ubunini emzini beza museum "Tsaritsyno". Bread INdlu ungqameko omtsha, ecwangcisiweyo, kodwa akazange ixesha ukwakha Bazhenov. Courtyard busongelwe lwale ngeglasi. Ngo-2006, i-House isonka wavula kwiindwendwe. Namhlanje ke imyuziyam-reserve "Tsaritsyno", hayi kanye mandithi, ukuvela yayo ephambili. Ukongeza, kukho iiholo mboniso ekonsathini.

Park "Tsarina"

Eli litye lesikhumbuzo sixabisekileyo landscape art. Waqalisa ukuba imilo ngenkulungwane XVI, ngexesha xa ilifa ekule Prince Cantemir. A ku ri "igadi rhoqo," apho kwakukho geometry ecacileyo iindlela neendawo eziluhlaza.

Ngemihla wokulawula uCatherine II baba iipaki kusefashonini, asekelwe ubume bendalo. Babizwa ngokuba landscape. Ukudalwa epakini onjalo abagunyaziswe ukuba benze myezo IsiNgesi Francis Reed.

ipaki elichumayo "Tsarina" kufikelela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XIX, xa isakhiwo yomendo sitsib, kwakukho izakhiwo ezahlukeneyo kwasekwa: i gazebo kuBukhosi isimbo, iibrorho, grottoes.

Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XX epakini waba emaxongo kakhulu. Ngowe-2006, "Tsaritsyno" museum-park baqala ukubuyisela. Umhlaba asikawugqibi. Ke enkulu yale paka kwakhona.

ukulima greenhouse

Xa iindwendwe beze "Tsaritsyno" Museum-Estate, iipaki, amabhotwe ukuvelisa yahlala ezingqondweni phezu kwabo. Oku kungqinwa nohlolo ezininzi abakhenkethi.

uqoqosho Hothouse wabonakala phezu kwendawo isephantsi Prince Cantemir. Kuye kwamiselwa kufutshane ndachithelwa amachibi, leyo kamva ngokuba abamba. Ngowe-1776 Bazhenov wambuyisela zokugcina Kantemirovsky kwewayini entsha, koko wakha entsha. It senziwa ngamatye. Ngowe-2006, ngexesha ngabembi yafunyanwa ngama isiseko sakhe.

Ngaphandle imithi yeziqhamo zininzi bazibonise nentaphane imibala, ngoxa kukhetha wayesoloko yanikwa rose. Kwinkulungwane XIX uqoqosho siwile kwamazinyo. Xa isayithi ye zokugcina kwakukho kwilali iholide.

Ngo-2007, izakhiwo gases ziye zabuyiselwa ngokupheleleyo.

Museum "Tsaritsino" eMoscow - oku nje zembali bokwakha lesikhumbuzo ekhethekileyo, kodwa enye yeendawo ezininzi ezintle kwikomkhulu.

Gazebo "Temple of Ceres"

Ukuze ixesha elide oko kwakucingwa ukuba gazebo yakhiwa kwi-1780s Bazhenov. Noko ke, uhlolisiso lwakutshanje lubonisa ukuba esi sakhiwo yakhiwa ngo-1805 I. Egotov. Salawo isakhiwo esihle Bazhenov. Njengoko wakhangela kwimo yalo yantlandlolo ayaziwa, kodwa mhlawumbi, Raccoons into yaphinda umsebenzi wezakhiwo enkulu okanye usebenzise ezinye iimpawu ngeprojekthi yakhe.

Arbor-rotunda enezintlu ezisibhozo komyalelo Ionic. Oku zizakubalulwa lobuhle, imvisiswano enkulu egqibeleleyo. Ekuqaleni, kwakukho oqingqiweyo Ceres - uthixokazi wenzala, kodwa iye yachitheka ukuya namhlanje. Namhlanje, indawo yayo yathathwa yi-imikrolo Burganova. Gazebo "Temple of Ceres" kwinkulungwane yokugqibela idla ibuyiselwe. Ixesha lokugqibela imisebenzi lwenziwa ngo-2007.

sicula umthombo

Le gem wokwenene lomculo epakini. Le ise kuMbindi ichibi. Lomthombo waqalisa ukusebenza ngo-2007. ngonyaka ngamnye ukususela ngoMeyi iingcali kunandipha ukuvisisana imibala, umculo kunye nokukhanya. Fountain similise ngokungummangaliso park yimbali kwi tale ophilayo iintsomi.

Zonke iindwendwe wezindlu ubabethayo imilinganiso yalo sakhiwo. Kwi ukuphakama imitha-15 waphakamisa Jets amanzi 807. Baya kuwa kule amanzi abaleka phezu komhlaba indawo isibuko 2500 m ^2. imisebenzi Fountain, kunye nomculo omnandi. Pump 73 inika ukuzaliswa ngamanzi kwesitya.

Ebusika, thende ayisebenzi. Ivalwe ngu amajukujuku ezikhethekileyo iimitha 13 ukuphakama. Ikhusela isakhiwo utshintsho kakhulu iqabaka kunye neqondo lobushushu.

amachibi

namachibi kubangela ngo "Tsarina" kwabunjwa kwiminyaka engamakhulu amabini. Mdala kubo - Borisov, leyo wabonakala kuqala ebudeni bolawulo Boris Godunov. Upper kunye namachibi aphantsi wesuka xa kwilifa ephethwe Streshneva. Le echibini elisezantsi wadalwa phakathi kwinkulungwane XVII. Middle Pond wabonakala sele kwi 80s. Emva koko yakhiwe idama eliphezulu, apho sabekwa Novotsaritsynskoe kuhola wendlela, icandelo Pond Ezantsi ibe ngamaqela amabini alinganayo.

Indlela ukuya Manor "Tsaritsyno"

Kuba abo wagqiba ukundwendwela imyuziyam "Tsarina" indlela yokusebenza Kulula kakhulu - Reserve balindelwe iindwendwe yonke imihla iiyure 6.00 ukuya 24,00. Ngeli xesha, ungenza ngokukhululekileyo free ngokupheleleyo ukungena kummandla zakhiwo.

I Bread House, Noko ke, njengoko e Grand Palace, ungaya iiyure 11,00 ukuya 18,00 yonke imihla. Kuphela ngoMvulo apha imveliso. NgoMgqibelo umsebenzi kwandiswa ukuya iiyure 20,00.

Zokugcina kungenziwa batyelela yonke imihla ukususela 11,00 ukuya 18,00 nangoMgqibelo ukuya kwiiyure 20,00. NgoMvulo nangoLwesibini e zokugcina veki kunye nokuthintela imihla.

Ukukhanya nomculo umthombo yonke lonyaka ihlobo (Meyi ukuya kuSeptemba) ivulwa ukususela 9.00 ukuya kwiiyure 23.00.

amaxabiso amatikiti

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, emnyango imyuziyam-kwilifa for free. Wonke umntu ukuba andwendwele "Tsaritsyno" Museum, amaxabiso aza ikushiye kamnandi kuwe. I-Grand Palace, kwakunye kwi Bread House, unako ukuthenga itikiti enye engange-300. Ixabiso yokungena ongcolileyo ixabisa 100 engange, itikiti ezimbini uya malini 180 engange. Kwaye ukuba ufuna ukutyelela ezintathu abamba, ngoko ke kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule imali engange-250.

I-Grand Palace avunyelwe kufota. Kubalulekile ezilikhulu engange. Kwi-Isonka House kunye zokugcina - amahlanu engange.

Ukufumana apho

Ukuba unomdla kwi unique Museum-Estate "Tsarina", indlela yokuya kuye, siya kuchaza.

Xa kunjalo, ukuba ngaba uceba ukuba ahambe izithuthi zikawonke, kufuneka uye kwi metro "Tsarina". Ophumayo kwimarike radio le uhambe ngqo. imizuzu emihlanu kamva ufika emnyango engundoqo eya epakini. Kokuba kufikelelwe ukusuka esitishini, lolondolozo lwembali isikhululo metro "Orekhovo".

Xa imoto Usenakho kanti nokutyelela imyuziyam "Tsaritsyno". Indlela ukufumana ngokukhawuleza? Kulungile ukuqhuba le Manor Street Turina. Kweli icala kukho ezimbini iimoto enkulu. Kule veki, apha ufuna ukuza kwexesha, njengoko ingenakho ukuba izithuba yokupaka ngokwaneleyo.

Namhlanje siza kuthatha uhambo olufutshane ukuze "Tsarina". I Museum i ezinika ezizodwa zendalo nezenkcubeko, akayi kungamohlwayi nabani na akanankathalo. Apha ezikhumbuzo best imbali Russian, kwinkulungwane XVIII. Ke kaloku Manor wabuyiselwa kwaye zikwimeko entle. Ngoko ke, musa ukulibala i uhambo. Yizani i "Tsaritsyno". Museum-Estate uncedo uziva emoyeni bamaxesha amandulo, ukuvumela ukuba baqonde ubuhle bendalo Russian. Yizani njengentsapho, kunye nabantwana. Zizinto ezifana uhambo luza kuba luncedo kakhulu kwaye uya kukhunjulwa iminyaka ezayo.