Ukubunjwa block amagwebu. Iiprojekthi zezindlu-enomgangatho omnye iibhloko amagwebu. imveliso iibhloko amagwebu

Penoblok kuyinto material aneentunja cellular ene isakhiwo ngenxa yokuba amaqamza asasazwa kulo mqulu lonke. Ezi mveliso ezingabizi kakhulu kwaye kulula phakathi kwabo banikela namhlanje yi emarikeni kunye zisetyenziselwa ukwakha izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo. Sebenzisa amagwebu block ngakumbi, kunye nobushushu ne isandi kweendonga.

Ukuba nawe isigqibo ukusebenzisa le nto, ufanele wazi ukuba ukwakhiwa kwibloko amagwebu, yaye oko yimveliso zobuchwepheshe.

kuqamba luyinto

Ukuze ufumane isiponji block ixesha elide yaye ezikumgangatho ophezulu, kumele ukuba zichithe nemigangatho karhulumente kunye nobuchwepheshe nemveliso. Izithako zilandelayo ziqulathwe ukwakhiwa block amagwebu:

• Portland;
• njengentlabathi;
• amagwebu arhente;
• kwezithako.

Ngokuphathelele Portland isamente, ukuba enze a yokubopha. Brand esetyenziswa kwi barotehnologii - M-500. Ukuba imveliso isekelwe ubuchwepheshe yamandulo, kumabanga alandelayo ePortland isamente zingasetyenziswa:

• M500 D20.
• M400 D0.
• M400 D20.

Indima itshe nesanti lokufaka, isenokuba i ukungcola zomdongwe mali ukuya kwi-3% zwi yaye - ukusuka kuma-75% nangaphezulu. Enye yeendima amanzi. kusetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye ugwebu arhente. Iiplastiki eyenziweyo okanye protini. Okokuqala ezisetyenziswa barotehnologii, ngoxa yesibini - kunye indlela yamandulo kwimveliso. agents protein amagwebu, ezibizwa kunye protein, mihle ngoba kukuvumela ukuba ufikelele ukuvelisa alephuze amagwebu ekumgangatho ophezulu, nto leyo uyakwazi ukwenzakalisa empilweni yomntu.

izithako ezongezelelekileyo

Ukuze lukhuni umbandela ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka, esebenzisa kudla ezizodwa. Kuxhomekeka iteknoloji ingasetyenziswa neentlobo ezahlukeneyo ukuthambisa ajikeleze. Ukubazi kunye nesakhiwo alephuze amagwebu block, uya kufunda ukuba arhente ugwebu zenziwa kwisiseko kulu ithambo, pine rosin, fihla iglu, soda abuhlungu ngenxa yobugcisa, Intlama yokutyula, kunye namanye amacandelo.

KUQULUNQO UMZEKELO amagwebu block

Kuba abathengi, kuya kuba umdla ukwazi ukuba ukwakhiwa elisondeleyo le amagwebu ukuvelisa imitha enye cubic ezibonakalayo. Isiseko iya kuba PC isamente Portland 500 D0. Ukuze ufumane i-alephuze amagwebu block M400, sebenzisa 300 kg zesamente, iilitha ezili-160 zamanzi kunye 0.85 kg ugwebu arhente. Sand kulo mzekelo awusebenzi.

Kuba uhlobo amagwebu M-600 kufuneka athathe 210 kg zesanti, 330 kg zesamente, amanzi 180 L kunye 1.1 kg frother. Kubalulekile ukufunda ukwakhiwa kwibloko amagwebu, ukuba ufuna ukufumana uhlobo eziphathekayo M-800. Kulo mzekelo sisebenzisa 340 kg zesanti, 400 kg zesamente, iilitha 230 zamanzi kunye arhente ugwebu, imali leyo 1.1 kg.

Ukuveliswa kwe block amagwebu

iibhloko Production amagwebu kuquka ubuchwepheshe ukuthotyelwa. Oku kubandakanya ukulungiselela isanti kunye nesisombululo isamente, ukuxuba ubume isiponji ukubunjwa iibhloko. Umsebenzi kufuneka ezi zixhobo zilandelayo kunye nezinto:

• wokuxova isamente;
• amagwebu generator;
• uhlobo okanye ikhonteyina;
• isamente;
• hardener okanye isanti;
• amagwebu arhente.

Inqanaba lokuqala lilungiselwa amanzi, isamente kunye nesanti. Kufuneka ulandele inkqubo classical wokuxuba isisombululo oluqhelekileyo. Kwinqanaba elilandelayo ebegqwese wongezelela arhente amagwebu. Ezinye iingcali bacebisa ukusetyenziswa iintlobo kwayo okanye analog eyenziweyo wenziwe ngomthi kulu, rosin kunye sodium hayidroksayidi.

izithako additive ziyabethabethana kunye shushu. Loo mxube kunokuqulunqwa kuphela xa kukho amagwebu generator. Le yokuqamba edibene ikhonkrithi, yaye emva kokusekwa iibhloko amagwebu kwenzeka. imveliso amagwebu block kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa iqhezu encinane kwesanti ayinazo ukungcola ngodongwe. Amanzi zinokusetyenziswa amanzi etephini, akufuneki ukuba ibe ye asidi kunye neetyuwa.

Ingakumbi isisombululo ukuba block amagwebu

Kuba nokuveliswa ngeebhloko amagwebu kwi Umxhubi yokuqala, njengoko izixhobo ekhaya-eyenziwe ayisoloko nako ukunceda ukufikelela kwisiphumo ezinqwenelekayo. Kuba nokuveliswa kweefom ucwecwe aya kusondela, kubalulekile ukugcina imilinganiselo. Ukuze kukhawuleziswe Ukuqinisa ye ekwakhiweni, kufuneka sisebenzise into efanelekileyo. Phakathi kwabo athandwa calcium chloride. Idityaniswe kule ikhonkrithi yaye ukulungele-mixed amagwebu arhente kubethwa. Umthamo kwale nto nama-2% ubunzima iyonke.

Le yokuqamba ngokwentando iifom, kwaye kweemveliso ezigqityiweyo zibekwe kwi pallets, ukuya kwindawo yokwakha. Le ndlela iquka kuxutywa isisombululo ukuzaliswa zentlabathi njengomlambo isamente kungena lokuxhuba, ebegqwese kongezwa ubume kwamanzi kunye arhente amagwebu. Lo mxube ezanyazanyiswa kakuhle, idityaniswa le hardener. Emva kwemizuzu 2 isisombululo ilungele xa sisakhula. Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka ukuyilwa iimveliso, kuyimfuneko ukulungisa etankini. • Umngundo zicocwa evela kwiintsalela ubumdaka okanye imixube, babaphatha kunye sisincoko ekhethekileyo ngaphandle ioli emva kweendonga embilwini. Ukuba usebenzisa kuzakuthothisa, ibhloko ogqityiweyo kube lula zisuswe sokubumba. Ukulungiselela le njongo, itanki ngaphakathi polyethylene hooped. Mveliso kuveliswa indlela ngakumbi ilifinyeze.

Ubukhulu kwanokuxinana kwibloko amagwebu

Yintoni eyenza iibhloko, sele uyazi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukwazi okungakumbi ngezinye parameters, ezifana mninzi. Le yokugqibela iphenjelelwa ukutyunjwa. Ukuba into oyifundayo kuluhlu lexinene M1000, M1200, ngoko ke zesakhiwo. -Insulating iibhloko constructional abe ukuxinana ukusuka M500 ukuya M900. Ngokumalunga iimveliso yokugquma thermal, ukuxinana yabo M300-M500.

Ngokusungula ndlela echazwe lungohlulwa lube iibhloko, kanti kunqunyulwa. Le yokugqibela ivumela ukufumana iimveliso ngamnye ukususela uluhlu enye njengogwebu. iibhloko eziphathekayo ibunjwe zizaliswa iifom kunye zokwahlula. Penoblok 600h300h200 mm ibhanile, ubunzima balo bahluka ukususela kowe-11 ukuya kwi-19 kg, okuyinene iimveliso usambathisa. Kuba iibhloko amagwebu noshowo ubunzima uvela kg 39 ukuya 47.

iiprojekthi zezindlu

Iibhloko, ubukhulu kunye namaxabiso ezo ezikhankanywe kweli nqaku kwaye kufuneka yaziwe nkonzo, kaninzi yakha isiseko izindlu ezinemigangatho enye. Phambi ekwenzeni le projekthi kuya kufuneka ukuba isigqibo kuphela ngeendonga umthwalo yawo. Ngokuqhelekileyo iindonga engundoqo langaphandle, okuyinene ukuba xa indlu ayikho ngaphezu kwe-6 m. Zonke ezinye izahlulelo zilungiswe ngokwentando yakho.

Ukuba nobubanzi bendlu kakhulu umxhelo kwaye kunjalo nje ungaphaya 12 m, kufuneka ucinge malunga nendawo kwezakhiwo axhasayo, ngenxa yokuba enophahla ngomgama kuya kuba awachukumise, nto leyo eya kubangele ukwanda uxinzelelo zangaphandle iindonga umthwalo-langa. Iingcali bacebisa kule meko ukuqwalasela iiprojekthi kunye uphahla okanye wenze ebanzi ikhaya ngaphantsi.

Kuqhotyoshelwe apha idrafti izindlu-enomgangatho omnye iibhloko amagwebu, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iindonga umthwalo-obuvelisa kufuneka zibekwe phezu kwesiseko. Nje emgangathweni ngokuqhelekileyo ukucwangcisa izahlulelo, ngenxa yokuba izikhohlakali zingamoyiki kuthwala umthwalo okhethekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, uya kuqinisekisa uzinzo iindonga. Ngokomzekelo, cinga indlu eza kuba amagumbi amathathu ophilileyo, negumbi elinye kunye neGauteng eqhelekileyo. Enye amagumbi ezincinane ine indawo 8 m ^2, lokulala iyawasusa indawo enkulu 9.1 m ^2. Ke ukuba igumbi lokuhlala, indawo yayo ngu 11.1 m ^2. inyoba Common ibekwe kwindawo ka-5.2 m ^2. A yangasese nga mayibekwe kwikona yendlu, oko kuya kuba kummandla we-7 m ^2.

Kuqhotyoshelwe apha idrafti izindlu-enomgangatho omnye iibhloko amagwebu, iingcali zidla yenza abahlala enkulu. Omnye umzekelo inokuba uhlobo wendlu iholo ka-26.3 m ^2. projekthi yangasese yangasese eyahlukileyo ine indawo 2.7 m ^2, lo gama ngokuhlamba - 4 m ^2. Le yokugqibela ibekwe ecaleni ekhitshini 7 m ^2. inyoba Common ibekwe kwindawo ka-4.6 m ^2, kuba ingena kwindlela encinane edityaniswe igumbi wabaphilileyo lokulala. Igumbi yokugqibela ine indawo 12.1 m ^2.

Endaweni yesiphelo: iindleko iibhloko amagwebu

Imilinganiselo kunye namanani iibhloko amagwebu - ezi yeempawu umdla abathengi ngaphezu kwabanye. Thenga imveliso kunye imilinganiso 600 x 250 x 375 mm ukulungiselela engange 3600 nge-cubic meter. Kuba block ebunzima 120 kg, ogama bungu 600 x 250 x 200 mm, kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule 120 engange. Ukuba uza kwakha indlu iibhloko amagwebu, unako ukuthenga imveliso kwi ngobukhulu zilandelayo: 600 x 250 x 150 mm kunye 600 x 250 x 125 mm. Ixabiso izinto ezifana iya kulingana 90 no 80 engange isabelo ngamnye ngokulandelelanayo.