Ukuba umhlaza ke ilifa? Njani umhlaza?

Umhlaza - sesinye sezifo embi kakhulu ukuba kwenzeka nawuphi na umntu. Zibizwa yamathumba amabi abunjwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

Njengoko kukho umhlaza?

Oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba ukuvela somhlaza - intlanganisela yeemeko zangaphakathi nangaphandle. Eyokuqala ithetha unciphiso ebalulekileyo kwinqanaba sifo non-ngqo, akhoyo kuzo zonke umntu, kwaye eyesibini - ifuthe izinto ezinobungozi kunye avela kwezi kwiDNA.

Iiseli ngokuguquka ukwahlukana kwabo Nedlac uqalisa kwasekwa nangezilonda ebubonisayo nesibuhlungu. Yokuqala okanye akayi ukuthintela umntu, okanye zingakotshwa isuswe ngaphandle iziphumo eziphilayo. Kodwa ngamathumba amabi, kunye nomhlaza na. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi kwesi sifo. Abanye iyanyangeka, ezinye ziyabulala kwiimeko ezininzi.

Ngesizathu esithile, oko ekugqibeleni ukuphuhlisa umhlaza, akukho bani owaziyo. Impendulo ngqo lo mbuzo akukho. Ngoko ke abantu abaninzi baxhalabile malunga nendlela umhlaza ethunyelwayo. Ngaba I ungenwe kukudibana kwisigulana? ukuba umhlaza ke ilifa? Akukho somhlaza ngokuthi ngamathontsi emoyeni musa begula, heeee, umngcipheko wokungenwa ezi gene.

Cancer ilifa

Kuba abantu abaninzi, umhlaza wazisusa abahlobo nezalamane ezininzi. Baninzi abantwana abamsulwa nokubandezeleka kulo sifo yoyikekayo! Oludale ziyingozi lo mbuzo: "Kuthekani ukuba umntwana osanda kuzalwa iya kuba sifo, njengoko yayizizalamane owayenesifo Oncology?" Ngapha koko, akukho namnye uya kunika isiqinisekiso ngokupheleleyo ukuba umntu alifumaneki, lo ngezifo.

Kukho iintsapho usaba umntwana elizayo, baya kulidla ilifa nomhlaza abala ngokupheleleyo ukuba abe nabantwana.

Abantu abaye bakwazi ukoyisa ukugula kakhulu, kwiimeko ezininzi ayikwazi kuconjululwa ngelo isicwangciso ukukhulelwa.

Cancer nabantwana

yobudala yabantwana luphawulwa iintlobo ezifana womhlaza ukuba ayenzeki abadala, yaye vice versa.

Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba unobangela lomhlaza iba ufuzo. Emva kophando kakhulu, kwakugqitywa kwelokuba uninzi zomhlaza nobuntwana ekuqaleni ukuba ikhule ngexesha siswini. Bona ezinxulumene yemfuza gene okanye ukungaqheleki yemfuza. Nangona izazinzulu abakwazi ukunika impendulo ocacile wokuba umbuzo njani izifo kwezakhi kubonakaliswa, kunjalo, uphando kule ndawo sele ehamba ixesha elide.

I-guquko ichaphazela ukuyilwa amalungu kantu kwizihlunu zomzimba imfundo. Umsebenzi eliphezulu pathways kwabantwana kukhokelela kuphuhliso olukhawulezileyo yamathumba.

Eyona rhoqo kubantwana - yofuzo kumhlaza iintlobo ezimbini: nephroblastoma kunye retinoblastoma. Ngokufuthi, nethumba sikhatshwa iintsilelo ezininzi. ukuba amaxesha amaninzi.

Abazali abalindelekileyo Ungafumanisa ukuba yeyiphi na amathuba okuba umntwana wabo ilifa umhlaza. yemfuza khokela, ngokusondeleyo benza isifundo kwesi sifo, senze iiprogram uvavanyo lomhlaza, nto leyo ibonisa ipesenti amathuba zizifo.

Isidingo genetic counselling

Ngoko ke, nokuba somdlavuza ilifa? Umnye kwimeko cancer entsatsheni unika izizathu ungenakuwuxhalabela malunga nempilo yabo kunye nendlela iya kuba abantwana elizayo. Njengoko amanyathelo othintelo kufuneka akhokele indlela yokuphila esempilweni kwaye zibekwe esweni rhoqo.

Ukuba elinye uhlobo lomhlaza kwenzeka usapho omnye, lo gama bambalwa abantu bafanele bajonge somdlavuza yabo imizila yemfuza. Onke amalungu entsapho basengozini. Ngelo xesha amanyathelo zingawuthintela njani na isifo. Okanye uphando rhoqo ukubona umhlaza kusekwangoko.

uphando izifo

Abanye abantu nzulu sicinga umhlaza isasazeka njani, yaye ukuba bosulelwe, ukunxibelelana kunye nezigulane. Le ukuziphatha ngokungenangqiqo njengoko Oncology ngokwesondo okanye emoyeni amathontsi musa ukukhetha up.

izinto Common kuphuhliso yamathumba zezi:

• yofuzo.
• Carcinogens nezinto ezithile.
• amagciwane.
• Uxinzelelo kunye nengxabano luvo.

ngamathumba rhoqo ungenxa

Ezinye iintsapho isakhi mutated ekhokelela iimeko zesi sifo uhlobo oluthile lomhlaza. Eyona ezivame:

• umhlaza webele. Olu hlobo lo mhlaza eqhelekileyo ababhinqileyo. BRK1 amafa BRK2 gene wezakhi unika 95% oko kwenzeka kwabasetyhini yobubi esebenzayo. Ukuthambekela umhlaza, okt ukuba izalamane ngqo ukuba esi sifo, nto leyo eyandisa amathuba ngesiqingatha.

• umhlaza Ovarian. Kude kube kamva nje, izazinzulu babeqinisekile ukuba ukuba isifo eso kubantu abalupheleyo, ngoko, kwinqanaba gene, oko ongenakuwelwa. Akunjalo eside eyadlulayo, izazinzulu isiJamani ziye ngawo omane esi simangalo. Akunamsebenzi nokuba oko ubudala kuye kwafunyaniswa ukuba "ithumba". Ubukho balo ibonisa ukuba ingozi yokuba esi sifo kabini losapho.
• Umhlaza esiswini kunye nenkqubo yokucola umonakalo. 10% kuzo zonke ezi izifo kwiintsapho. Umfutho uphuhliso ithumba uba isifo asha esiswini kunye isilonda Ukwakheka.
• Lung umhlaza. Olu hlobo lo nangezilonda zixhaphakileyo amabi. Ukutshaya kwandisa amathuba okufumana sifo njengoko umsi wecuba ichukumisa iseli wezakhi. Izazinzulu ezivela UK bakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba olu hlobo lomhlaza ikwabonisa intsapho eliphezulu utyekelo. Umfutho uphuhliso sifo iba ifi nomonde. Ukuba sifo ibanjiwe kusekwangoko, oko zinokunyangeka. Kwinqanaba lokugqibela ine- ithumba esingasebenziyo.
• somdlavuza wendlala. Oku kumiswa entsha akujongwa ukuba ilifa, kodwa ukuba indoda yafunyanwa esi sifo, predisposing umngcipheko uba ephezulu emizalwaneni ngqo.
• unomhlaza wamathumbu. Amaninzi, le neoplasm ezimeleyo. yofuzo uphawuleka-30% yamatyala xa polyposis wamathumbu ngesondo ngendlela amafa. Kusenokuba nangezilonda zombini ebubonisayo nesibuhlungu. Kwenye ixesha polyp ubomi uguqulwe bakhe zibe ngumhlaza.
• umhlaza ndlala. Ukuba umntwana ufumene sesichengeni sosasazeko lwemitha abantu, uphuhliso olu hlobo lomhlaza na amathuba eliphezulu.

Izinto ezikhokelela yamathumba

Iingcali ukuchonga eziliqela izinto ezibangela kwiDNA zabantu. Eku sunguleni, into esele ebizwa - icuba. Neoplasms nako ukuphuhlisa ngenxa inhalation ngomonde umphunga kwemichiza ezifana asbestos. Ungcoliseko lomoya kwandisa ingozi yokuba nomhlaza.

Kakhulu lizala radiation amadlozi esebenzayo ukuba iseli izakhi kunye, ngenxa yoko, kuphuhliso umhlaza.

Kwenza ezininzi zokutya yemfuzo uluntu namhlanje. Rhoqo ukusebenzisa kwabo inokukhokelela kuguquka iiseli eziphilayo kunye ukuyilwa yamathumba.

papilloma

Olu hlobo abanentsholongwane kukhokelela kuphuhliso kwezifo ezifana nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Izazinzulu ziye zabonisa unxulumano ngqo phakathi kwabo. Kwaye ngoku, apha umbuzo njani ukudlulisela umhlaza inokuba isidanga encinci ukuzithemba ukuqinisekisa ukuba liyakwazi nokunikezelwa ngeendlela ngesondo. usuleleko Papillomavirus wathatha ngale ndlela. Musa ukoyika, kulungile - ingozi yokuba esi sifo incinane kakhulu, ekubeni intsholongwane sele phantse wonke umntu wesibini.

Ukuba iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza zenzeka kunye ukonakala imeko jikelele, le nazimpawu. Izifo emva ukwehla ngokukhawuleza kwaye ebalulekileyo nezifo. Izazinzulu baye isitofu sokugonya ukuba ukuthintela esi sifo, kodwa avunyelwe ukuba angene kuphela abo uqalile umsebenzi ngesondo.

kugci-

Ingxabano kunokukunceda ukuqinisekisa ukuba umhlaza esabangela. kuvela Ithumba ukusuka ingcinezelo ngamandla lweenkqubo lomzimba, ilandelwe yi-ukuguquka nokomzimba.

genetics Cancer

Izazinzulu zisoloko baphonononga iintlobo zomhlaza nendlela ukumelana nesi sifo. Baba siphuhlise neendlela ezinokusenza sibusebenzise ukuchonga zofuzo mutated ezikhokelela kuphuhliso wolusu, umhlaza webele, iphecana zesisu nepancreas.

Institute of Oncology liphuhlisa iimvavanyo ezintsha, hlolo olo lunokukhangela izinto ukusoloko isifo kwaye uqale unyango. Mhlawumbi kwixesha elizayo kuya kuba lula ukufumanisa umngcipheko somhlaza ngokuthi kusetyenziswe iimvavanyo zesiqhelo zegazi.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kukho ezininzi Kwiimeko, xa umntu efunda malunga umhlaza, kuphela xa athe ithumba esingasebenziyo. Yonke into ibe oogqirha - ku tirhisa ichemotherapy isantya kancinci phantsi ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo kwaye kulibazise ukufa umguli.

Ekuphetheni

Cancer - sisifo esibi, kodwa akusoloko isigwebo. Ukuba une kusekwangoko, kwaye isigulane liphantsi ikhosi epheleleyo yonyango, amathuba recovery ngokupheleleyo. Medicine akemi ngxi, abaphengululi nokuphuhlisa iindlela ezintsha moshilongo ekuqaleni kwesi sifo.

Njani na umhlaza, kwaye ayinamsebenzi. yofuzo ukuya isifo akuthethi ukuba abantu ukuba zigula nto. Wonke umntu kuseli phantsi kweemeko ezithile zibe ngumhlaza. uhlolo rhoqo, isimo sengqondo ezibuthathaka kwimpilo yabo, ilungelo indlela yobomi - kwaye sifo lungenzeki.