Ugra - umfula Region ukulungela ukusebenza

Ugra - umlambo owawuphuma kwimimandla ukulungela ukusebenza kunye ESmolensk of Russia. It is a uviko lasekhohlo OB River. Ugra umda zendalo kummandla ongaphandle eyinkunzi lweZwekazi looMawokhulu - Moscow. Ngoko ke, phezu kweendonga zayo Kwathi uqulukubhode ezininzi elizukileyo iingalo egameni lawo. Kulo mlambo ezintle kufuphi eMoscow eza kuxutyushwa kweli nqaku.

Igama Ugra River

iingxabano mome ngokumalunga etymology kwegama lomlambo. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba igama ayikho of Slavic kunye Finno-Ugric imvelaphi. Kulo ulwimi, Ingcambu "vrai" ( "Southern") lithetha "umlambo". Abanye bakholelwa ukuba igama elithi "Ugra" busuka emva yamandulo Russian Qgr ', elithetha "umbungu". Yaba kule umqondiso kwenzeka kwigama elisetyenziswayo lomqhubekisi "sisinkantazi". Ukuba sikwamkela oko hypothesis ingqalelo, oko kuthathwa ukuba kumaxesha amandulo abantu ebizwa umlambo "jika, athe ngokubhijela 'ukuba uhlobo uveza yokumpompoza wayo, kakhulu ukutshintsha indlela yabo.

Imvelaphi Ugra River, igama layo ezinxulumene ne ezinye zokuhlala magyar ababemi phezu kweendonga zayo ukusuka kudaladala. Magyar Igama tribal elithi "Ugric".

incazelo nemin

Umlambo 399 leekhilomitha. Swimming indawo pool - malunga nama-15.700 km ^2. Umthombo we Ugra kubekwe emzantsi-mpuma inxalenye kummandla ESmolensk.

Ugra - umlambo, nto leyo kuxhaswa yi ngeendlela ezininzi: 60% bamanzi iwela kwamanzi bunyibilike, 30% yacolwa, ne-5% kuphela ukuhamba iza kunye ehlele. ulawulo level umlambo luphawulwa mali masisiqhube zomlomo amaxesha phezulu, phantsi ngokwaneleyo ephantsi-kwamanzi ehlotyeni nasekwindla, maxa wambi oluphazanyiswa izikhukula ngenxa yezantyalantyala zemvula, kunye namaxesha ephantsi kwamanzi eliphantsi izinzile ebusika. Ekupheleni kweyoKwindla, umkhenkce phezu komlambo linyibilike kwaye iqala konogumbe spring, esiphela ekuqaleni May. Ngeli xesha, inqanaba lamanzi liphuma ku meters 10-11, xa kuthelekiswa ne ixesha lasebusika. Ukusetyenziswa avareji amanzi emlanjeni kulo nyaka yi-90 m ³ ngomzuzwana.

Ugra igutyungelwe ngumkhenkce ekupheleni Novemba de kuJanuwari. Umlambo ze ngumkhenkce kwi shallows, ngenxa imisinga enamandla Ebubanzini umkhenkce kwi Ugra ezahlukeneyo.

River Valley iphawulwa linani elikhulu weentili onogumbe, ububanzi ufikelela iikhilomitha 1-2, yaye emazantsi - km 3,5. Ugra channel ububanzi kweemitha 70-80 omlambo. Kumndilili ukugeleza komfula - 0.4-0.6 m / s.

springhead

Ugra - emlanjeni, ziphuma kummandla ESmolensk, Yelninsky District, 25 yeekhilomitha ukusuka kwidolophu Yelnya, 2 km ukusuka kwidolophana High. Le ndawo kuthiwa ilitye lesikhumbuzo yendalo ngokubaluleka yasekuhlaleni. Imida Natural yommandla okhuselweyo ummandla emathafeni, apho emi kuyo. Umthombo lomlambo - a nomgxobhozo encinane, nto leyo kuxhaswa yi ukuqengqeleka amanzi komhlaba. Ugra intlambo kule ngongoma phantse ingachazwayo, kuza igcwele ngokupheleleyo undergrowth kunye amatyholo ezincinane. Phakathi imithi usoloko ezinde, Aspen yiyona iqhelekileyo. Ubudala tala ifikelela iminyaka 35-40. Kuphela kufutshane kwilali River High ufumana nefom ngejelo ecacileyo oluqhelekileyo nangaphezulu.

uviko

Kwingingqi ukulungela umlambo yolula ikhondo yayo ngeekhilomitha ezili-160. In Ugra uthululela nangona ezazikwi- nemilambo. nemingenela yawo eziphambili zezi: umgquba, baphelelwa lukholo, shan, Techa, gana, ukuthetha, Rosvyanka, Veprik, Verezhka, Sokhna Coon Remezh, Uzhayka, uDebra, Dymenka, Gordota, Oskovka, Makivka, Baskakovka, Sobzha, ngeenxa zonke, Voronovka, Sigosa , kumarhamente, Leonidovka kunye nabanye abaninzi. Total ukulungela umlambo Ugra uye wokungena kwemali 44. Siqulathe umandlalo iingqalutye kunye isanti. Ugra luqina Oka kumgama ozikilometa ezilishumi ukusuka ziimbaxa yesixeko ukulungela ukusebenza.

amanqaku ngembali

Ugra - umlambo ababesoloko bezenza umda phakathi ezahlukene kwezopolitiko kunye etnoplemennymi. Ukususela ku 1147, kwiirekhodi ziqulathe izikhombisi kwi ukungqubana yezopolitiko kuyo. Kwazeka oko ngokubanzi-ebizwa ngokuba 'simi phezu Ugra komlambo. " Ngoko yeziKronike Russian ebizwa longquzulwano eyabakho phakathi umthetheli ezukileyo eMoscow Ivan isiThathu kwakunye Khan Big anayo Akhmat ngo-1480. Lo mzuzu kwimbali weRashiya ithathwa ukuba ekupheleni Mongol-Tatar idyokhwe. ixabiso Uyalwa Ugra ugxininisa isiqhulo, apho kunikezelwa abantu bakhe - "Belt Virgin."

Phezu lomlanjana Ugra wazibalula uqulukubhode ezukileyo iingalo, baseRashiya amaninzi. Apha 1812, ukuziphendulela bayenza odumileyo Denis Davydov. Ngexesha Second World War, ngexesha uhlaselo amajoni amaNazi e Moscow, Ugra waba umqobo yendalo phakathi abavikeli lamaphandle aba bahlaseli. Phezu komlambo, awayekwenza feat AG Rogov, umphathi butho. Wathumela indiza yakhe evuthayo phezu ewela zwilakhe le Ugra wayitshabalalisa.

Ukuloba phezu komlambo

E Ugra, ungenza ukubamba intlanzi ezahlukeneyo: Pike, burbot, Roach, bream, bream zesilivere, Intlanzi, catfish kunye iphezulu. On the aft Reach, nto leyo ifumaneka ngezantsi ceca, kokuloba live okanye benza kakuhle Pike yokubambisa. Ezinye izilwanyana iintlanzi emlanjeni bakhetha worm. Spring Kungcono ukubamba neKubhi kwi-Juni bug. Ekupheleni kwehlobo, umthamo entle neKubhi njengenkumbi. Abalobi abanamava ukugcina catch lwabo Kukan kwaye ebuhlanti, njengokuba muskrat okanye otter nga ungena phezulu ngokuzola, yaye ukuba banalo ngokwayo okuthinjiweyo anqabileyo.

park kazwelonke

Enye awona kummandla umbindi eRashiya ithathwa ukuba umlambo Ugra. kummandla ukulungela idume iyafika omangalisayo. Ngowe-1997, le ndawo wabonakala "Ugra" National Park, nto leyo a imimandla ekhuselweyo ngokukhethekileyo zendalo. Sikhula iintlobo kwezityalo ezinemigca (iintlobo-1026), ezinye zazo yayithengwe North America, ngoxa abanye flora zasekuhlaleni. Le paki kazwelonke uyakhula iintlobo 140 ezinqabileyo kwiNgingqi ukulungela: Slipper nenekazi, palchatokollennik eBaltic, ngeentsiba ingca, cucullata neottianta, Cephalanthera longifolia kunye nabanye. Uninzi lwezi izityalo kwi-Red encwadini Russian Federation.

Izilwanyana yokulondoloza imelwe ziintlobo 300. Ulikhaya amaxhama, iihagu zasendle, oonomatse, elk kunye marten. Phakathi iintaka ngabona icula, icula, lokhozi, amahobe iinkuni kunye woodcocks. Phezu lomlanjana uyakwazi ukufumana beaver iilynx. Xa iyonke, epakini idweliswe: ezanyisayo - iintlobo 57 zeentaka - 210 iintlanzi - 36, izilwanyana eziphila emhlabeni nasemanzini - 10 izirhubuluzi - 6 cyclostomes - 1.

National Park "Ugra" udlulisela kummandla ukulungela liphela kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-200. 90% ye ukwahlukana kweentlobo yommandla iquka reserve.