Ubume kunye umsebenzi kwentliziyo. wenza njani intliziyo yomntu?

Intliziyo - lelona candelo iphambili emzimbeni wethu. Yile nto isebenza njani, yintoni karhulumente, kwaye kuxhomekeke kwimpilo yomntu. Kwaye ke umsebenzi wentliziyo - yinto sisihloko ebanzi kakhulu, nto leyo, ubuncinane yokuzenzisa ukuba uphawu ngalunye.

iimpawu zezakhiwo

Ngoko ke, into yokuqala kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba umzimba xa uyicinezela kwicala lasekhohlo apha esifubeni. Nangona kukho kwihlabathi lethu, iqela elincinane labantu ezizodwa kakhulu - intliziyo yabo kwicala lasekunene. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu abanjalo kufuneka isakhiwo yinqobo kakhulu eziphilayo, oko kukuthi i-nesipili. Kwaye, oko, intliziyo kwakhona nshita kwilungiselelo eqhelekileyo.

Ngokubanzi, lo mzimba ubunjwe nemingxuma ezine - imithambo asekhohlo nasekunene kunye ventricles ngayo. Ezi amagumbi singahlukaniswa zokwahlula. Lidla ngohlobo olwahlukileyo nesakhiwo intliziyo. Figure, oluveza umzimba kanye kubonisa ukuba limela. Kodwa kwisisu - ke ayonto ibalulekileyo. ingqalelo ngamnye mbobo inoxanduva ithombo legazi layo.

Indawo kwemithambo yenhliziyo

Into yokuqala ethi ngale yinxalenye intliziyo, ngoko nantsi into ingena intendelezo ngasekhohlo, imithambo yemiphunga nezengekho ukuya ekunene - vuphukuphuku. Lwelungelo kunye ekhohlo ventricles kufike aorta zinyuka buti nezengekho miphungeni. Ngoko isihloko ekufaneleke ukuba siyicinge ngokweenkcukacha ezingakumbi. Le ventricle ekhohlo iye yahlulwa kunye intendelezo (imi kwicala enye) umba mitral, ekwabizwa ngokuba enezigaba ezibini. A intendelezo ilungelo wahlulwe kunye valve tricuspid. Nkqu intliziyo evumela umzobo ngokweenkcukacha ukuqwalasela ulwakhiwo zomzimba, ngaba kwemithambo aortic nezengekho miphungeni. Abanoxanduva inkqubo nencindi igazi evela ventricles kakubi.

inkqubo kwegazi

Yintoni umsebenzi intliziyo yeyona ibalulekileyo? Ngokwendalo, kwegazi negazi. Ngaphandle kwalo, bendingayi kuba nako ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni. Wonke umntu uyazi ukuba intliziyo usebenza ezimbini ejikeleza - ezincinane nezinkulu. Eyokuqala kwezi buqala ventricle elungileyo, yaye isiphelo sawo ibekwe intendelezo ekhohlo. Unoxanduva lokutshintshiselana igesi ngokupheleleyo alveoli emiphungeni. Ngokuphathelele yesibini Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba isangqa esikhulu kwi ventricle lasekhohlo iqala igcina, njengoko unokuthekelela, kwi intendelezo ekunene. Unoxanduva igazi kuphela imiphunga kodwa amanye amalungu. Konke oku kuphunyezwa ngokupheleleyo kuphela ngentliziyo esempilweni.

indlela yenyawo kwintshukumo

Kuye kwathethwa malunga iivelufa kunye noko umsebenzi kwentliziyo. umsebenzi wabo kufuneka icace kwaye ibe kakuhle. Ngenxa yokuba umsebenzi lokumpompa entliziyweni kuxhomekeke kanye phezu vana, leyo kunye zenze yonke indlela. Tricuspid ivula - negazi singena ventricle ekunene ukusuka intendelezo. Xa lizele ligazi, izihlunu phantsi nefuthe ivelufa xi luvalwe. Kwaye ngoko ke igazi ingaphuma kuphela usebenzisa umzimba pulmonary, nto leyo ekhokelela ivalve pulmonary ovula phantsi koxinzelelo lwegazi, nto leyo eyandisa ngexesha ucutheko le ventricle ekunene. Egazini kubuya kuphela xa ivuliwe ivalve mitral. Log kwi aorta uvala umba aortic, equka amaphiko ezintathu ezifana ukubonakala kwezaa ntsimbi. Xa ventricle ekhohlo ekhululekile - ivalwe, ngoko ke igazi lwemithambo engena intendelezo ekunene. Ngaloo ndlela ke wenza kunye nokuhamba kwegazi. Kakade ke, iinkonzo lip nangoku elide kakhulu, kodwa ke eneneni kuthatha umzuzwana kuphela. Ngoko ke ukuzila intliziyo yethu.

Izibakala ukufanele ukwazi

Isakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi kulo mzimba awabalulekanga nje, ukuba kusekho umdla. Umzekelo, asinguye wonk 'umntu uyazi ukuba igazi yenziwa malunga nama-100,000 amaxesha ngosuku kumgama ozikilometa eziyi-100 000! Okumangalisayo kukuba, yinto ubude enjalo zonke iimpahla emzimbeni wethu. Kwaye ukuba siye sithethe malunga izihlandlo ezininzi kangakanani ngonyaka ukuncipha intliziyo yethu, ngoko kukho nje amanani ngeenkwenkwezi - ngaphezu kwezigidi 34! Ke ekugqibeleni, idatha yakutshanje - ngeli xesha intliziyo iimpompo kwiilitha ezizizigidi ezithathu igazi. Oku aku- kakhulu. Ngoko ke, ukuba uzibuze ukuba uhlobo lomsebenzi lwenziwa yi entliziyweni, singatsho ngokuqinisekileyo - kubalulekile. Kwaye wenze lo msebenzi onzima. Kufanelekile ukuba sikhankanye into enye: ngenye ukuncitshiswa single uthatha esi sixa-eneji, leyo kuba ngokwaneleyo ukuze uphakamise babenikela 400 grams ubunzima ukuya kubude kwimitha 1. Kwaye oku kuthathelwa ingqalelo into yokuba intliziyo Liphumle, chitha ekhulwini 15 kuphela isixa koovimba bayo liselungelweni yayo. Kodwa ukuba umzimba umsebenzi onzima, uchitha-35% amandla alo. Ukuba intliziyo yethu, isakhiwo kunye nemisebenzi yazo ngokhethekileyo ngokwenene yaye ezizodwa.

Myocardium neyodwa yawo

Apha uyakwazi ukuthetha ixesha elide yaye lukhulu. Ngokomzekelo, iiseli engabalulekanga contractile. Ukuxoxa umsebenzi wentliziyo, akanako kodwa kuchaphazela ingqalelo kunye mzuzu. Le yokuba beye iminyaka emininzi ukubaleka ngaphandle kokuma. Ngenxa yokuba kubalulekile ukuba unikwa rhoqo kunye nomoya. Ukungabikho oksijini kunye nezinye izondlo ichaphazele umsebenzi entliziyweni yomntu. Ukuba ke anithanga nenjenjalo, iiseli ziqala ukuba afe, yaye ngoko nangoko. Kakade ke, musa zolondolozo, ezinokuthi zibe luncedo kwiimeko ezinjalo. Life of iiseli kwentliziyo - ngenani ongenalusini. Kwaye umsipha into lizaliswe ligazi, ukuze yindlala. Emva igazi engabalulekanga nokugcwala kwisisu yayo, ongadliyo. Mpilo kunye izondlo zonke bayihambahamba izitya ezize ukusuka aorta.

umsebenzi Ukuchithwa

Kuyinto enye engundoqo. Kwaye ke alternation le diastole kunye systole of ventricles intliziyo - le khosi kuthanjiswa lwabo nokuncipha. Xa yenziwe diastole, le ventricles zalisa ngegazi. Ukuba kukho systole, lakudlula igazi singena esiqwini pulmonary kunye aorta, t. E. Kule imithambo enkulu. njani niyakhumbula - kufutshane ventricles aba kwemithambo yenhliziyo, ezo umqobo umva amwela wegazi intliziyo ukusuka umthambo. Emva lonke igazi, phambi kokuba ngokuzalisa le ventricles, ucanda yegazi ezinkulu ngqo kwi intendelezo. Ukuncipha - oko lwandulelwe systole ventricular. Sinokuthi intendelezo - yinto uhlobo pump abancedisayo, ukunceda ukuba bazalise ventricles.

elements yeZiko intliziyo

intsingiselo yazo ibaluleke njengoko umsebenzi olwenziwe lwezivalo. Muscle ifayibha nje njengenye yeekhomponenti ezisebenzayo. Le chain nto ndiyibhalayo iiseli engabalulekanga, abaqhagamshelwe kuvimba omnye komnye yaye zifakwe apha inwebu enye sarcoplasmic. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba Imicu zohlulwa ngokwendidi eziliqela. konke kuxhomekeke ngokobunjani ezisebenzayo kunye morphological bomntu. Uhlobo lokuqala - i ventricular ifayibha kunye myocardium atrial. Baya kwenza ubunzima ephambili kwezihlunu kwaye abo abonelela umsebenzi sokumpompa amanzi. A Uhlobo lwesibini - ebizwa ngokuba Imicu izihlunu inkqubo yokuqhuba. Abanoxanduva ukubonakala yimincili, kunye nodluliselo bakhe kwiiseli ze myocardium. Ukuze kukhawuleziswe izinga intliziyo - ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kumacandelwana ukusebenza komzimba ephakathi kwabantu.

Imiphumo kokuphazamiseka intliziyo

Kungakhathaliseki ukuba iphunyezwe kakuhle umsebenzi intliziyo yomntu, oko kuxhomekeke impilo yayo, sele ikhankanyiwe. Ngelishwa, namhlanje, abaninzi bagula zizifo ezinxulumene naloo umzimba. Yokuba abantu abagulayo ngokukhutheleyo abadala kunye nabantu abadala. Oku kungenxa yokuba kuphawuliwe - lo mzimba isebenza non-yokumisa ubomi, yaye akumangalisi ukuba emva kweminyaka 50-60 yomsebenzi rhoqo yena, eziva ediniwe. Ezintathu ezintlanu zibhubha kwabantu ngenxa yesifo sentliziyo, ekukhethwa ukuba isifo sentliziyo.

Ngu zifo amaqela amathathu aphambili izifo ezichaphazela iimpahla yegazi, iivelufa kunye iqokobhe ilaphu. Umzekelo, yamafutha - isifo ochaphazela izitya intliziyo. Hi ndlela leyi, esi sifo kakhulu. Okanye ukusilela intliziyo, abaninzi kakhulu kuchaphazela. banezifo ezininzi ezimbi kufuneka kwaziwe vice. Kakuhle eli sifo ilele ekugxojweni nawuphi na umsebenzi kwemithambo yenhliziyo. Kwaye ke obubangela noba bunokufunyanwa okanye bekhubazekile. Arrhythmias nako kwenzeka ukuba umsebenzi intliziyo yomntu ilimele. Kaninzi kwenzeka guquki ngenxa inkqonkqoze, rhoqo, okanye isingqi intliziyo. Abanye abantu bayahlupheka ukusuka angina (anoxia). Yaye ekugqibeleni, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ingqalelo bezityholo, njengokuba iposi engabalulekanga. Umahluko wesifo kwemithambo - xa kukho isifo yelizwe myocardium uyayeka wanye igazi, okanye ayikho kakhulu njengesiqhelo.

cardiopalmus

Ngokusekelwe kungentla, oko kuqondwe ukuba naluphi na utshintsho kwenzeka umzimba yethu iphambili - ke ngokuqinisekileyo lo kophulwa nawuphi na umsebenzi kwentliziyo. Mhlawumbi sifo eziqheleke kakhulu waphawula njalo ke iyangongoza intliziyo. Oku kube tachycardia, olwenzeka ngenxa kwemithambo, myocarditis, engabalulekanga muscular, okanye ngenxa isiphako. Kodwa ke ngamanye amaxesha oku sifo sinxulumana ngentliziyo - mhlawumbi ngenxa yezifo lengqula, exesheni okanye ithumba ukuvela. Abantu abaninzi nje nikela ingqalelo ephindaphindekayo iintlungu okanye ukushukumisa bezinye iintlanga. Bafumana, ngenxa yokuba intliziyo yethu kwenzeka umthwalo omkhulu. Ingakumbi ingqalelo oku kufuneka kube njalo ukuba umsebenzi labucala enxulumene umsebenzi luvo, uxinezeleko nabangazithandiyo.

iimpawu ezongezelelweyo

Ukongeza ukuphunyezwa ejikeleza, lo mzimba ezibalulekileyo, zikho nezinye izinto ezinokwenzeka. Yintoni na le misebenzi iphambili intliziyo kufuneka zabelwe ngakumbi? Mhlawumbi ekuthiwa-automatism - ukukwazi layo ukuvelisa loo mandla bandiqumbisayo excitation. I ezahlukeneyo automatism node inkulu sinoatrial. Sekunjalo asingekhe silibale malunga conductivity - umsebenzi lo myocardium, okanye mandithi ukukwazi layo ukuze adlulisele inkqubela ngqo contractility kwentliziyo. Eneneni, excitability - inkqubo ngokubonelela olukhawulezayo uVuyo ukubetha impembelelo. Kwaye, kakade, elinjubaqa, ngoku kukungabikho amandla wenze iiseli ze-myocardium nemincili xa ukuba Imiqondiso ezongezelelweyo baqalisa ukufika. It wahlulwe elililo (xa intliziyo namdla ngokupheleleyo phi excitation), kwakunye isizalwane (umzimba uyiphendula libinzana elinamandla kakhulu). Ngoko ke imisebenzi intliziyo yomntu akupheli.

Inye kuphela ukuba Ndingathanda ukukhankanya - kuba into kufuneka uthathe unonophelo kuye. Ngapha koko, eli qumrhu ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye oko kuxhomekeke imeko ngexesha ubomi babantu. Ngaloo ndlela, esekelwe zingasentla, kukhuselekile ukuvakalisa ukuba isakhiwo intliziyo kunye nomsebenzi ethathelwe ingqalelo ngendlela oluneenkcukacha, - kwindlela eyenziwa ubunzima imithambo yegazi, angabi nemingxuma kunye izivingco, amaqhina oqhagamshelwano enye injongo - ukubonelela ngenani epheleleyo. Ngapha koko, kuyimfuneko ukuba ubomi nasiphi na isidalwa uhleliyo. Ngoko ke yintoni kanye lo msebenzi ungundoqo intliziyo.