Yintoni chronometer? Uhlalutyo olunzulu

Eli nqaku lichaza into chronometer, owasungula oko, kutheni kufuneka oko nendlela yokusebenzisa eli isixhobo kwihlabathi lanamhlanje.

endulo

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, abantu abazive imfuneko nkcazelo ngqo okanye lomlinganiselo ubude bexesha. Ukuba ngemihla yoluntu eyayingekaphuhli ngaphandle kwezi zinto ngandlel 'ithile, kodwa ngayo, ngoko kunye nokudala uluntu oluphucukileyo umbuzo lwentlalo eyavelayo kunye iimeko ezintsha. Ukunqongophala iiwotshi nezinye izixhobo kumlinganiselo echanekileyo ixesha inzima kakhulu, ezinye iinkalo zobomi. Ukuba ubalo mihla bekungekho ngxaki, indlela amalungiselelo intlanganiso? Kakade ke, ungalawula yi ilanga, kodwa le ndlela kude egqibeleleyo, yaye oko akusoloko sezulu ecacileyo. Kungenxa yezi zizathu, kunye nabantu ababezama ukuba zizakhele ikloko kunye analogs zayo.

I isixhobo esinjalo kuqala owakhe zakudala, ebizwa ngeclepsydra. Le umkhumbi apho evuzayo ngcembe ulwelo, ngenxa apho edadayo bazifinyeza kunye iziqu. Kakade ke, into enjalo ilungele kuphela zokulinganisa ubude bexesha.

Kodwa phambi koko ookhokho bethu sezinyuko, ephawula ukuba indawo kwesithunzi iyahluka, kuxhomekeke ixesha losuku. Kulungile, sisetyenziswa ukubukela ukwakhiwa yaqala kuqala ukuba ziveliswe kukuninzi ekupheleni kumaXesha Aphakathi. Baba eninzi, ezinkulu, hayi abantu abanokufikelela kuzo. Kunye nemfuneko yale wayengekho - isixeko wakha inyango, apho wema iwotshi, yaye bonke abantu babona ixesha.

Nangona kunjalo, le iwotshi eziintlobo ezahlukeneyo usenalo isiphoso, kwaye ngo-1731 i weewotshi Harrison sungula iwashi. Ngoko ke yintoni na chronometer yaye yintoni na ukuba?

definition

Ngokutsho isigama chronometer - ikloko oluchanekileyo kakhulu sisiphoso minimum. Zisetyenziswa apho ixesha ubude okanye kubaluleke ngokukhethekileyo. Ukuze sizuze isixhobo olunjalo oluzakusetyenziswa ikhaya nto ngamampunge.

Ngamafutshane, ezi iiyure njengesiqhelo, inkqubela phambili, ichanekile kakhulu, kwaye ukhululekile inani lokusilela. Ngoko Harrison nga ri Umsunguli kwiiyure, kwadlula nje kubo ukwakha jikelele kwaye lugqibelele ngelo xesha. Ngoko ke siyayazi into chronometer. Kodwa ke kusetyenziswa phi?

isicelo

Eyona ethile ibalulekileyo yale ifowuni ixesha chronometer, ekuqaleni ngexabiso layo. Ekubeni iimveliso zawo ukuchitha ixesha elininzi ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa wotshi oluqhelekileyo. Kamva Harrison wakwazi ukunciphisa iindleko zabo, kunye chronometers zithandwa kakhulu. Eyokuqala, baye bamkhonza ngokwemeko yazo, babe oomatiloshe. Ngaloo mihla, kwenkcazo nobude wenziwe ilanga, yaye kwakufuneka iwotshi elibamba echanekileyo ukulungisa ixesha ilanga okanye ekugugeni inkwenkwezi yethu. Ngokwendalo, ngokucokisekileyo ngakumbi oko kwenziwa, oomatiloshe ngcono kumiselwa indawo yayo.

Kamva, isixhobo kunye neengcaphephe banomdla, umzekelo, ngeenkwenkwezi, nto leyo kwafuneka ukuba ngokuchanileyo kakhulu ukurekhoda naziphi na iziganeko. Ngoko ke siyaqonda ukuba iwashi enjalo.

khona

Loo ifowuni iye yasetyenziswa kangangeenkulungwane for navigation ezitsheni emoyeni okanye elwandle-okokoko le, kodwa ngoku phantse asisetyenziswa chronometer, ngaphandle nje kokuba ndakhe yogcino. Isibakala ukuba indawo oluchanileyo ngakumbi iiwotshi zwi. Ngenye indlela, ukuqhutywa iinqanawa moya elide wenze ngokusekelwe kwiinkqubo kanomathotholo okanye satellite. Kodwa ukuba ufuna ukuqhubeka, nabani na unako ukuthenga isixhobo efana chronometer. ixabiso layo iyahluka kakhulu, kuxhomekeke kubungakanani, ibakala, nocoselelo umhombiso. Umzekelo, umfanekiso we chronometer zaselwandle MX 6 iya kuxabisa 31.000 engange Russian. A iiwotshi mihla kunye chronometers Ulysse Nardin uphawu exabisa 300 000 lamawaka. Kodwa ke iindleko uguqulelo obulula iqala malunga 1500 engange.