Ubhedu - umzimba okanye isiyobisi? iimpawu copper

Bamalunga nama-III yeminyaka BC uthathwa baluyeke ilitye nje izinto ezisisiseko lezoshishino ngobhedu. Ithuba hlengiso ithathwa ukuba kwinkulungwane zezobhedu. Ngapha koko, le ezimbaxa ngelo xesha yaba yeyona ibalulekileyo ekwakhiweni, ekwenziweni izinto zekhaya, izinto zokubhala, kunye nezinye iinkqubo.

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, i-copper ongazange alahlekelwe ukufaneleka kwayo kwaye kuseyinto a metal ebaluleke kakhulu, isoloko isetyenziswa kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo. Ubhedu - umzimba okanye isiyobisi? Ziziphi iimpawu oko anazo yaye yintoni efunekayo? Zama ukuqonda ngakumbi.

iimpawu ngokubanzi element yobhedu

Njengoko element imichiza ubhedu na indawo yayo kwinkqubo ngamaxesha athile. Kulandela.

1. Ithuba yesine enkulu, lukrozo lokuqala.
2. Iqela lokuqala, i-sub-amaqela.
3. Ulandelelwano Inombolo 29.
4. ubunzima Atomic - 63,546.
5. Uqwalaselo yekhompyutha umaleko engaphandle ¹⁰ kubonakaliswa ifomula 3d 4s ^1.

Isiqalelo iye izinto ezineeathom ezilinganayo ezimbini esitalini zendalo kunye amanani mass 63 no 65. I-Latin Igama cuprum element, nto leyo echaza isimboli kwemichiza yayo Cu. In iifomyula ifundwe "cuprum", igama Russian - ubhedu.

Ubhedu - umzimba okanye isiyobisi?

Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, kufuneka ukuba uqale ukuchaza imiqathango "kweziyobisi" yaye "umzimba". Bona bafunda ngomnye amanqanaba isikolo, njengoko esisiseko. Ukususela ngokombono zenzululwazi neyezinto zemvelo, into ingqalelo ukuba zonke izinto zokwakha izinto ezithile. Oko kukuthi, imizekelo kwezinto unako ukukhonza zonke anemichiza zombini uhlobo eziphilayo nezingaphiliyo.

Umzimba - ke into ngokwayo, apho nje ngaphandle kwento ethile. Basenokuba zamntu yakhiwe ngabantu, okanye kungenjalo zibe imvelaphi yendalo. Imizekelo nombolo: lezikhonkwane, iifestile, iipleyiti, itafile, kwikhabhinethi, intyatyambo embizeni, njalo njalo.

Ukuba umahluko phakathi kwala magama mabini, sinika eminye imizekelo athelekisekayo.

1. Iswekile - a lollipop into - umzimba.
2. Iron - into isikhonkwane - umzimba.
3. Box - umzimba, iglasi - into.

Oku kubonakala kula iingqwalasela lo mbuzo: "yoBhedu - umzimba okanye isiyobisi?" - impendulo engagungqiyo. Le into. Ngoku, ukuba sihambe epleyitini ubhedu okanye umsesane sobhedu, ngoko, Kambe ke, umntu kufuneka uthethe kubo nje umzimba.

Ngokomgaqo-chemistry, ubhedu - yinto into ukubayinxalenye kudidi ngentsimbi. Kuye eziliqela iipropati ezibaluleke kakhulu leyo ezisisiseko ukusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kule ezimbaxa.

A into elula ubhedu - a metal non-ayoni

Njengoko sele kubonisiwe, ubhedu - intsimbi. Noko ke, asingabo bonke amalungu eli qela izinto ziyafana kwindawo iimpawu zazo. Kukho ithambile kwaye nzima, namhlophe kunye naziiperile, izinyithi ebomvu kunye nabanye. Ubhedu ukwasebenza iintsimbi non-ayoni ethambileyo.

Isakhiwo yekhompyutha athom yayo kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa, ubhedu ngokuchanileyo - sisinyithi, okanye nonmetal. Ngapha koko, kwinqanaba lwangaphandle eye electron omnye kuphela, nto leyo ithetha ukuba liyakwazi ngokulula ukunika umva, ebonisa iimpawu eziphambili zokunciphisa metal. Ngenxa yoko, le yokuba kufuneka zihlelwe kanye iintsimbi Alithandabuzeki. Oku kwakhona aboniswe iimpawu ezibonakalayo bayo kwento elula.

iipropati ngokomzimba

Ubhedu - into okanye umzimba? Ngokupheleleyo niyohlwaywa ukuchaneka Impendulo kuphela kuqwalaselwa iipropati ebonakalayo. Ukuba sithethe lwesi sakhi njengendlela into elula, luphawulwa iseti ilandelayo iimpawu yona.

1. Metal ebomvu.
2. Soft and oluthambileyo kakhulu.
3. umqhubi ubushushu Excellent kunye Umqhubi zombane.
4. Not elinjubaqa, lobushushu ukunyibilika kukuba 1084.5 ⁰ C.
5. Ukuxinana yi-8.9 g / cm ^3.
6. Kwindalo, wafumana ubukhulu becala ngendlela lweenkobe.

Ngoko, kwenzeka ukuba ubhedu - into nge eyaziwa ukususela kudala ngokwayo. Ngokusekelwe ngamaxesha amandulo ukudala izakhiwo ezininzi zokwakha, yavelisa izinto zokubhala kunye nendlu izinto.

iipropati chemical

Kweli qela reactivity, ubhedu - lo mzimba okanye esilolo wayenobuchule eliphantsi ukusebenzisana. Kukho ezimbini igcwala engundoqo karhulumente lwesi sakhi, kuba kwimiboniso uqhagamshelwano. Zezi:

• +1;
• 2.

Ayifane ngumbandela apho amaxabiso data athathelwa indawo ezintathu.

Ngenxa yoko, copper angasebenzisana:

• umoya;
• carbon dioxide;
• zehydrochloric acid kunye nezinye kusitsha kuphela kakhulu obushushu aphezulu.

Konke oku kungenxa yokuba umphezulu metal yakha a oxide umboniso olukhuselayo. Ukuba ukhusela ukusuka igcwala ngakumbi, kwaye anika uzinzo kunye baphola.

Ukususela iikhompawundi ezilula ngobhedu ekwaziyo zakudibana:

• halogens;
• selenium;
• benqanda;
• gray.

Amaxesha amaninzi kudala iikhompawundi ezintsonkothileyo okanye iityuwa kabini. zithako Phantse yonke entsonkothileyo lwesi sakhi, ngaphandle oxides - izinto eziyityhefu. Ezo molekyuli eyenza ubhedu monovalent ngokulula oxidized kubameli divalent.

izicelo

Ubhedu - umxube okanye into olusulungekileyo nangayiphi na kwezi ithi lisetyenziswa kushishino kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla. Kuyenzeka ukuba lahlule urhwebo ezininzi ezinkulu zisebenzisa iikhompawundi yobhedu, kunye nentsimbi ecocekileyo.

1. kushishino Isikhumba, apho ezinye ityuwa esetyenzisiweyo.
2. Ukwenziwa uboya kunye silk.
3. Nokuveliswa izichumiso kunye nokhuselo izityalo kwizinambuzane (bluestone).
4. aluminiyamu zobhedu ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kushishino ngomatshini.
5. Imikhumbi, aviakonstruktsii.
6. Electrical, apho ubhedu isetyenziswa ngenxa nokumelana okulungileyo conductivity eliphezulu zombane kunye thermal.
7. nesakhe isixhobo somculo sahluke.
8. Ukuveliswa zokubhala kunye nendlu izinto zexabiso kwezoqoqosho.

Kucacile ukuba nangona ngamakhulu eminyaka, ezi iintsimbi bya isikhundla sakhe kuphela kwaye likugqinile ukuxabiseka kunye indispensability kwi sicelo.

aluminiyamu ubhedu neempawu zazo

Kukho ezininzi aluminiyamu yobhedu-based. Yena uneempawu eziphakamileyo zobugcisa, njengoko kube lula olu bambiswano ezityikitywe, ukukukhanya womelele ngokwaneleyo. Noko ke, ukudibanisa ngcono kakhulu iimpawu kumacandelo athile.

Kulo mzekelo, kufuneka ubuze lo mbuzo: "yoBhedu - into okanye umzimba wenyama, xa kufikwa aluminium yayo?" Impendulo iya kuba: le into. Noko kunjalo, kuyinto nje phezulu kubo logama nje nayiphi na umzimba wenyama ziya kwenziwa le intsila ukuba imveliso ethile.

Yintoni aluminiyamu yobhedu?

1. ukuhlanganiswa Phantse ngokulinganayo yobhedu nezinki kwi sisincoko ekuthiwa yobhedu. Le ingxubevange iye amandla aphezulu kunye nokumelana ukuhlasela imichiza.
2. yobhedu Tin - indibanisela sobhedu nenkcenkce.
3. Melchior - nickel kunye ngobhedu umlinganiselo we 20/80 100. Isetyenziswa ukuba ukwenziwa izacholo.
4. Constantan - indibanisela-nickel, ikopolo kunye additive manganese.

Ukubaluleka begazi

Hayi kubaluleke kangaka, ubhedu - into okanye emzimbeni. nabanye. Yintoni indima ngobhedu ubomi izinto eziphilayo? Kubonakala ukuba kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaloo ndlela, bangane intsimbi abe imisebenzi ilandelayo.

1. Wazibandakanya inguqu ion intsimbi mpilo.
2. Bona nxaxheba abakhutheleyo kwiinkqubo ukukhula kunye nokuzala.
3. Vumela agxile acid acid tyrosine, kungoko kuchaphazela ukubonisa umbala weenwele nesikhumba.

Ukuba umzimba ulahlekelwa isiqalelo inxaxheba ubuninzi efunekayo, ngoko kusenokubakho nezifo ezibi. Umzekelo, ianemia, ilahleko iinwele, ukuba mncane kabuhlungu njalo njalo.