Twardowski, "Ilizwe Mbovane": isishwankathelo kunye nohlalutyo

Ngeminyaka yee-30 (1934-1936) s A. Twardowski wabhala umbongo "The Land of Iimbovane", umxholo apho - ezenzeka kwixesha yotshintsho lali. uvavanyo ncwadi antsonkothileyo. Abasemagunyeni babona ukuba ngokuyintloko kukuzukiswa collectivization, ebaleka ngesantya ngokupheleleyo kweli lizwe. Kodwa aba babhali, ezifana Boris Pasternak kunye N. Aseev, waphawula ukuba elula umbongo ngokucacileyo, kodwa eneneni - nto kakhulu umsebenzi onzima. Makhe uzame ukuqonda izizathu zonyango ezinjalo.

"Ilizwe Mbovane": isishwankathelo isahluko 1. tie

Lo mbongo iqala ngenkcazelo yokunqumla esinzima kwi phenyane, leyo creaks kunye kukujikeleza le ohamba. Mna ndive ngomsindo intambo,-nxada nengxolo ethile kwesihloko abantu phakathi kwabo nqwelo abagunyazisiweyo. Olu luhlu esidityaniswe neenguqu ezenzekileyo elalini, bethwele ubomi obutsha kwaye ngoko engaziwayo kunye ezoyikisayo. Kweli hlabathi amawaka iindlela, yaye omnye wabo, babo, uhamba ophambili, Nikita Morgunok. Ngobuchule, xa wathumela emthendelekweni, yena umhlobo, ihashe zinyuswe nguloliwe wagon. "Sala kakuhle ... indawo kabawo!" - la mazwi Nikita uphela inxalenye yokuqala umbongo "The Land of Iimbovane", isishwankathelo apho ufunda.

Izahluko 2-5. Endleleni

Ezulazulayo Morgunok waba ezilalini, apho fun wahamba. Nikita wema waza wazisa etafileni, "Hamba emtshatweni ... -. Lokugcina " Etafileni, apho kungekho ndawo, bonke wamkela impi onesisa, kodwa umyeni okanye umlinganiswa umtshakazi xa kungabonwa. Ephendula umbuzo wokuba yintoni lubhiyozelwa, waxelelwa: apha kwaye yomtshato, kwaye ukukhankanywa abo bathunywe Solovki. Ngoko kulo mbongo "The Land of Iimbovane" kukho imifanekiso ye bawagqogqa, ezazithunyelwe ngohlangothi engaziwayo ye neenqwelo kunye nabantwana babo izinto ezimbalwa. Eli bali uphazanyiswa ingoma fanekisela lentaka ubopheleleke ehokweni kunye waphupha wenkululeko.

Emva kokushiya ilali, ixesha elide ekhwele Nikita kunye nehashe bakhe abathembekileyo, ogama amehlo ehlathini elunxwemeni. Umbhali uxelela indlela phezu olwandulela ngokumka kwakhe, weza Grey, owayengekho ihashe ngaye - indoda ukuba abonisane.

Ekupheleni kosuku ndagqiba ukutyelela kwakhe umzalwana-awuqinisekanga, ngobani abahlobo iminyaka engamashumi amabini. Belusizi yingxoxo kunye iingoma ngobo busuku: njani ikamva labo? Zonke iingcamango zakhe.

Nikita niqiqa elinesixhenxe, bafudukela kwifama yakhe yaye akazange afune ukuya efama. UTatomkhulu wamxelela ukuba ubomi bakhe; kunye nezempilo, kunye ithamsanqa nobutyebi. Ke ukuba amane yokugqibela kuya kufika (Morgunku sele ezingamashumi amathathu anesibhozo), i "khangela akukho phambili". Ngoko ke ndaya kufuna, iphi na ilizwe obufihlakeleyo iimbovane, nto leyo ibe nefuthe kwi utatomkhulu. Uthi kubonakala ukuba kukho isangqa umhlaba. Kwaye yonke into ihamba ngeenxa zonke, kakhulu, zezakho.

Morning kwakhona wathumela Morgunok endleleni. I ngakumbi aya khona, ngakumbi, ezintle ngakumbi kuba umhlaba. Apha ihashe udinwe kakhulu, yaye yena Nikita uyazi akukho ezilalini okanye iilali nazo endleleni.

Isahluko 5. Intlanganiso kunye nombingeleli

Ngequbuliso wabona abahambi ngeenyawo wasemzini ngaphambi hero. Wayeyindoda, belted ngomtya ning'ong'oza phantsi iincakuba bakhe isivatho (iinkokeli zonqulo) kunye ibhokisi ngasemva. "Kubonakala ngathi ukuphatha bawagqogqa?" - lo mbuzo ibhekisela kumbingeleli Nikita. Waxelela yokuphila kwakhe kukrakra. Zonke mabandla ziye zavalwa, nabakhonzi babo bekwi nto. Yena ukuba sihamba ezilalini apho kufuneka ukubhaptiza abatshatileyo ... Loo nto nje ihashe apho ngaphandle nzima. Uthe pop Morgunku ukuya phambili kunye. Kodwa ke hero wala, ndiphendule ukuba indlela yakhe, yaye ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ukucela amalizo. Ukuze aze asasazeke.

Isahluko 6: The Tale of utatomkhulu kunye nomakhulu

Poem Tvardovsky "Ilizwe Imbovane" uqhubeka ibali ndeva ngobunye ubusuku mlilo Morgunok ukusuka counter ozenzekelayo - wabona kakhulu kwabo uhambo lwakhe olude.

Century wahlala endlwini yakhe ekubekwe uyisemkhulu yes umfazi. Yonke into waya njengesiqhelo, yaye akazange afune ukuba ukutshintsha. Loo nto ukunkcenkceshela kanye ngonyaka ngamnye eze endlwini yabo, kanye xa "yanwenwela amanzi Russian zonke iilwandle kunye nemilambo", wayichola indlu zabo, batsiba. De ebambelele ukuya kwenye ngamafa. Utatomkhulu wajonga "emnyango kwelanga", saza sagqiba kwelokuba, bazi ukuba ngoku siphila ngendlela entsha. Ngoko ke waqalisa abalimi abadala.

Isahluko 7. Iingcinga Stalin

Nikita uya phambili. Kwaye ngesiquphe, ke udaba kwaqhenqetha phakathi kwabantu: Stalin ngokwakhe ekhwele ihashe elimnyama. Kwi ityhubhu, xa idyasi, zonke lihlola, uyabuza kwaye abhale incwadi yakhe. Yaye kubonakala Morgunku enambuzelayo inkokeli kumkhawulela. Yena uqala ukucinga ngento ukubuza Iqabane Stalin? Kwaye kukho qatha engqondweni lo mbuzo engundoqo: ziya i "lo suetoriya" apho yonke into ihamba ukuze kulahlwe nini? Ukhumbula hero wobomi elidlulileyo, Kukum ukungxamela kwayo ulula: apha kuza kuvumela urhulumente ukuba aqhubeke bahlale kwefama yakhe. A indawo apho wayemi, yaba lizwe ziimbovane, isishwankathelo ibali utatomkhulu leyo musa kumka entlokweni yakhe.

Izahluko 8-10. ukweba horse

Xa Morgunka wambiza, waza wabona yayingqiba abekuhambisa ngesandla, engumfana eyimfama. Kwacaca ukuba ummelwane wangaphambili, kulya Kuzmich. Njani usondele, ndathatha beqhawe: kakubi, wenza imibuzo. Umntu ekwenziwa udliwano-Wayethetha ngobomi elizweni apho ke njengephempe ikhephu. umntwana okuphela kwamzeleyo, liphuma uhlobo yangaphambili wahlala. Ngoku nantsi enye bahambahamba emhlabeni, ingqiba. Ngokuzola waya kulala ngobo busuku, Nikita, kuba ecaleni akukho owasemzini - ummelwane. weva Kuphela ingxolo ephupheni ebusuku. Ngentsasa elandelayo, wabona ukuba Gray akakho: iikulya Kuzmich inkwenkwe ehashini baphumelele. Yenza lutho - bahamba ndawonye ukufumana, apho lizwe iimbovane. Morgunok vpryagsya ukuqeqesha nzima wanditsalela kuye phambili, ebangela ukwazi nazo.

Kwenye ilali baye bayeka: porassprosit, wakhangela la maxwebhu, kodwa wakhululwa. wagon Again ngokuxokozela. Ngoku ke Iqhawe ndandisakhathazeka bayahlelwa Grey, awawubizayo wonke umntu adibana.

Xa a hero sele ufikile liphela eminqubeni, wacela ukuba abuyele ihashe. Iziphelo amahashe it - omnye ngcono, kodwa wayengekho phakathi kwabo hina. Nikita ebusuku bathuthunjiswe ingcinga: ukusukela gypsies ungebi, kutheni akazange athabathe kude kubo ihashe. Wada waya barn, kodwa labalindi neentloni yaye oko wahamba.

Izahluko 11-12. Intlanganiso kunye umbingeleli, Bugrov

iintsuku ezintathu ngokutsala inqwelo Morgunok, nkqu ndikuqhelile i "ofisi" ihashe - iyaqhubeka ibali A. Twardowski. Country weembovane - isishwankathelo yokuhamba Nikita ifana kakhulu adventures zamagorha Nekrasov - zonke akazange eze kulo, nangona iqhawe laba kude kakhulu ukusuka ekhaya. Wadibana itrektara, moya ngaphezu kwakhe izulu, iinqwelo-moya, yaye awayerhuqa iinqwelo, waza waya emva kokuba inkwenkwe. Kwakhona Ndadibana naye kumbingeleli endleleni, yaye umgadi Morgunka. Hero ezama ukubamba nto, kodwa yena ephuma stirrups, leyo shwaka.

Kwenye yeedolophu hit Nikita emarikeni. Ndaqalisa ukujonga ngaphandle yamahashe, isuti ongwevu, kodwa akazange afumane ihashe lakhe. Apha Morgunok endiyibone imi kwi kucingo amahlwempu; ingoma isiphelo nokuchophela umnqwazi sa. Ukuva kwakhe Ivan Kuzmich, Nikita owayesakuba ummelwane otyunyuziweyo phantsi ngokwayo, waza wakhokelela phambili. Ngaxa lithile, Bugrov wakwazi ukukhohlisa uTshawe - kwaye kwakhona, hayi isela okanye ihashe.

Izahluko 13-14. Ubomi kwi Islands

Asitsala phezu egesi yakhe Morgunok. Kusenjalo ke ime ecaleni itrektara, yaye umqhubi uselula ufuna utsale inqwelo efama nemibutho. Emva kokuva ibali Nikita, inkwenkwe bacetyiswa ukuba ukuya kwesi siqithi, ngaba apho uthenga ihashe. Emva anganika ngaphezu ekari irisithi, uTshawe waya kwidolophana ekufutshane, ngokulambisa ebonakalayo elwandle ingqolowa.

Kolkhoz wayengekho apha, bonke baphila kuye. Into yokuqala sabona ingumhambi - umonakalo epheleleyo. kwizindlu ulusizana, iingcingo iwile, ehleli phakathi kwabantu - uchaza Islands Twardowski.

"Ilizwe ziimbovane" (isishwankathelo mbongo ufunda) ukuqhubeka incoko kunye uyisemkhulu wakhe, silwenza imibhobho. Wathatha lo iindwendwe eyadini yakho kwaye ihashe ezinqinileyo - ezingwevu-iinwele, uyimfama bubudala. "Ewe, nantso indlela abantu abahlala apha," - uthi Morgunok, waza emva koko wenza isigqibo zimbi akunakwenzeka kangaka. Nenzondo wathi umhlobo omtsha umhlobo othembekileyo - ihashe ezibiweyo. Abafundi poohali, ngoko ke malunga ingoma weva ukuba utatomkhulu wakhe kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, iqhawe emashumi mabini anantlanu.

Izahluko 15-17. ifama

Emva kokushiya inqwelo, Nikita kukuba ukuthetha. Ubumnandi ke phezu umsebenzi; bobabini ingqolowa kunye iindiza umngxuma. Ngaya kuye ukunceda umntu, ngubani usihlalo. Intloko sefama nemibutho bagqiba ukubonisa umtyeleli kwilifa. Morgunka kumangaliswa factor umgangatho kunye zaba lonke. Zenziwa kakhulu, hayi kanye mandithi, ngonaphakade - watsho Andrey Ilich.

Kwaye ngoko ke usihlalo waxelela ibali lobomi bakhe, nto leyo ibekwe kulo mbongo "The Land of iimbovane." Uhlalutyo walo yabantu ezithile, emele ulawulo lweSoviet. Wazalelwa kwintsapho iintsizana nabantwana abaninzi, apho onke la madoda obeliqele ukhetho. I-Civic wafumana amanxeba ezintandathu, kodwa wasinda. Wandula ke bathatha inxaxheba ukwahlulwa komhlaba, apho uye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wafumana izisongelo. Xa izityebi Grachev ebusuku yasekuhlaleni behlaselwa naye apho elalini kwaye wabethwa kanobom. Andrey Ilich akakwazi ukukhasa ukuya endlwini, kodwa walahlekelwa nokholo kwabo, ubagwebele. Unyana efanayo ezabiwa lokuzalwa - ukuba bakhonze lizwe eSoviet.

Umlindi busuku baqala kwintetho Morgunkom bengingqi malunga ngengxaki uhlanga. Uyaduka ethile indoda endala ivela kwifama zabo, yiya kwi lokuphambukela, okanye a guy rhoqo uya kufuna umsebenzi, okanye abuyele ekhaya evela itshaneli kunye ingcinga yokuziphindezela eyaziwa Stepan Grachev ... ayanda imida ukubalisa amabali A. Twardowski. "Ilizwe ziimbovane" (zohlalutyo mbongo kukhokelela ingcinga) uba ibali bayahlelwa umlimi Russian kule minyaka inzima emva kokuba revolution.

Izahluko 18-19. Ukubuya ihashe bodwa

Kanjalo kusasa nithi kwifama lokubhiyozela emsithweni; sikazwelonke, ngendlela enkulu. Weva apha Morgunok esiphulaphulwayo ubomi obutsha. Kwaza ngequbuliso phakathi ihashe fun wabonakala kule ezitsolo, yaye lo mfazi ngokufihlakeleyo wathi kwindoda yakhe malunga ukufika umbingeleli, ukulungele ukutshata abatsha. ngoko nangoko yeva Nikita waqonda, mna ndo, yaye kamva umzuzu lokusila entanyeni obungwevu yakhe.

Kwaye naba kwakhona endleleni. Nikita wathi: abaninzi esikubonileyo ngeli xesha, kodwa iphi na ilizwe elo ochazwe uyisemkhulu wakhe? Xa lo mbuzo Wajika kwindoda endala lowo wayehleli phezu isiphunzi emthini. Wacinga, waza wathi amazwe akukho ngaphezulu Muravskaya. Lidakile mna, yimimango ngengca. Kwelinye icala ukuya kwelinye; akukhathaliseki wakhangela apho - kuphela kwendlela eseleyo. Kwi ifama nemibutho. Utsho evala umbongo "Lo Kwilizwe mbovane."

Uhlahlelo kunye mbono imveliso

Morgunok ngokwayo ukwakha lo mbongo ngeendlela ezininzi embhoxo "Ngubani Ubomi Well eRashiya" Nekrasov. Le yenye lilinge ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo, yengathandi abalimi, malunga apho isabelo ilungileyo ubuxoki.

Ophambili - yinto umfanekiso adibeneyo ndoda, njalo waphila emhlabeni, kwaye ibandakanyeka kuqoqosho. Kwaza ngequbuliso yena wazifumana kwihlabathi apho izithethe zitshatyalalisiwe eminyaka zikhona. ukuvelela lwendalo kunye namasimi amafubesi, uvuyo umsebenzi Kolkhoz yangoku (ndilangazelela) abonisa uthando amakhulukazi lweenkobe ilizwe-nomondli wakhe.

Umfanekiso wehashe ifuzisela umbongo "The Land of Iimbovane", umxholo leyo inxulumene ngqo ubusela kunye search ngokungakhathali. xi tshama xi ri undoqo umlimi, eyona imfuyo yakhe. nto kwakunzima kunye umyalelo omtsha ayokuseza iinkomo efama, apho ekumnyamekeleni kungonelanga oko. Kwaye nangona kwizahluko zokugqibela Morgunok okunoneleyo oko akubona efama kwaye kwanokucinga ngokujoyina kuyo, kucacile ukuba collectivization sabangela umonakalo omkhulu elalini, kuba abalimi abaziinkosi akusayi ilizwe. Hayi "ngenqindi" kanye ukuba wenza 'ubutyebi' babo esebenzisa umsebenzi kwabanye.

Aba funny kakhulu ingcamango umbongo "The Land of Iimbovane" A. Twardowski.