Tsar Fyodor Godunov: biography, ingakumbi weBhodi kunye nohlolo

Fedor Godunov babehlala sha-1589-1605, yaba tsar weRashiya kunye cartographer odumileyo. Imithetho, nje iinyanga elide ezimbalwa ukusuka Epreli ukuya kuJuni 1605 th-.

Ascension esihlalweni

Le prince wothulelw imfundo ingaqhelekanga. Nguye izibulo Boris Fedorovich noMaria Grigorievna. Xa Godunov Fedor Borisovich engekazani umntwana, uyise waqalisa ukulawula autocratically Rus.

Ukususela ebuntwaneni, lo mfana ezinikezelwa waqubuda ngokomyalelo kakumkani. Xa kwibhotwe ukwamkela emva igama lakhe kubonisiwe imibhalo kwimisitho, wathumela izipho ozakuzo. Le ingqalelo le nkwenkwe kuba Fedor kusaphekwa ekuphelisweni enozalwano Rurikovich kwixesha elizayo. Uyise waqalisa ukulawula 1598-m, ukuba wayesele abe yinganga indlalifa, Wabonakala misitho.

Ngowe-1599 th lendela ababekhonza loonongendi kaBathathu Emnye-uSergiyo, wathumela incwadi ngokwakhe wabhala Fyodor Godunov, ifikelele ngelo xesha, iminyaka elishumi. Ngelo xesha ukumkani wayegula yaye akakwazi ukutyelela loo ndawo yonqulo.

uqeqesho olunzulu

Prince wafundisa ingabonisa kurhulumente, ukunxibelelana kwizihloko ezibalulekileyo kunye izinduna kwi Duma, ukufumana ulwimi olufanayo kunye makhumsha. Wahlangana amasoka abeza ukubuza isandla Xenia, udade wabo. Kwakhona, ayizange yenzeke ngaphandle uthando kunye kwisimangalo, leyo owayephethe kayise.

Fedor Godunov nayo ikakhulu phezulu Ivanom Chemodanovym, apho ngenxa yoko lakhula umfana abafunde kakhulu. Kwixesha elizayo, kuya kuba simkhumbula umlawuli bakhanyiselwa. Lo mntu kubizwa ngokuba inkalo lokuqala kwenkqubo ye-European wemfundo phakathi amagosa karhulumente ka-Russia. Kwakhona nabagxeki owadala amarhe ukuba lo mfana ogula kunye ne-dementia.

iimeko ezinzima

IBhodi Fedora Godunova akazange aqale phantsi kweemeko kuFeliks. ubude bexesha phakathi ekungeneni kwibhodi kunye ukuphela kwayo mfutshane kakhulu, labenzela ithinzi yi le nquleqhu.

E Moscow wahlasela nguDmitry False mna, ngenxa apho irhuluneli yangaphambili wafa. Yamkelwa ngaphambili Godunov isifungo yaba utoliko ezinjalo, ngokungqinelana ne apho abantu babekholelwa ukuba bayavuma ukuba Otrepyev ngumlawuli lokwenyaniso. Ithuba isiphithiphithi kwezopolitiko nemfazwe ukumangalelana igunya.

Fedor Godunov kwafuneka abe nelungelo labo lokuba ngukumkani, kwakunzima, ukuba uthathe ingqalelo yokuba ukungabikho amava imfazwe. Ngelo xesha wayeneminyaka engama-16 kuphela ubudala. Kwakufuneka bathembele kuncedo Basmanova - iintsapho eziye walwa ngempumelelo nxamnye nguDmitry mavunwa.

Yaba balulwele nzima ukuba ubuntshatsheli kunye nothando ebantwini. Ngamabelana kumkani uselula zinikwe izipho ebantwini, ngawo babeza yokukhumbula uyise. abantu abathinjiweyo ngaphambili afumana uxolelo. Omnye wabo omkhulu-uyisekazi Boris Belsky umlawuli kamva wadlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubanjweni, apho ngokuxhomekeke kukumkani Fedor Godunov.

ekunciphiseni

Phezu kwayo yonke imigudu, ayizange iphumelele isiphumo kulindeleke. Ekufuphi abangcatshi ezininzi, enye yazo inkosi F. Mstislavsky. Benza izicwangciso Fedor ukubulala, kodwa indlu, yaye ke ukudlula ukuwa, ivaleleke kwinqanaba lencopho kwiveki wesixhenxe yeBhodi.

Ngaphambi koko, Stone yasekwa ukuze wenza imisebenzi-Ofisi yoMphathiswa, ophetheyo yokwakha, ezibe njengongaphantsi labazobi awayesebenza namatye kunye nezityalo ekuveliseni lezitena niya kulirhola. Yiyo le ziko ukulawula uhlahlo zokuhlala, apho imveliso izinto zokwakha.

Akukho ngedatha ethembekileyo malunga nokuba F. Godunov kubalwa imali yayo. Kukho uguqulelo, ngokungqinelana zazo iiyunithi emali igama layo. Ukuba oku kuyinyaniso, oko - kuphela ookumkani abangenazo Isitampu yabo.

zokuqala zalo zifumaneka ngemali, okuthiwa Borisu Godunovu. Ukongeza, le umlawuli akathweswa sithsaba ebukumkanini, ukuze yonke imbali wolawulo uyakwazi kubizwa ngokuba ethile kwaye engaqhelekanga.

Ekuqaleni ekupheleni

Umlawuli entsha wenze umzamo omkhulu ukuze lizuze abantu. Senza okufanayo kunye izinduna. Noko ke, asingabo bonke amajoni sifuna ukumthobela, kwabakho uphuphu, wamqumbisa nokungazinzi kakhulu phakathi kwamaqela ezahlukeneyo kwezentlalo.

False nguDmitry wakwazi ukuzuza izihlwele ezikhulu phantsi kolawulo lwabo. Kule nkampu kwakukho zeenkcuba rhoqo. ngcembe Fedor watshintsha ngakumbi abalandeli bakhe bangaphambili, zonke ngaphantsi waba inkxaso. Abantu abambalwa ukuhlala unyanisekile ukumkani, boyiswa ngenxa yokuswela kwabo.

Kwicala abanginizayo baba Cossacks Korely ezi ntshaba ezinzulu. Fedor bephupha kuphela amaJamani, ngubani abahlawulwa imivuzo somusa yabasebenzi eqeshiweyo. Nangona imbangi wakhe waziva ngakumbi simahla yaye wabhekisela nomntu owakhe umphathi lokwenyaniso. Ke kaloku kwisihloko umngcatshi naa sele Godunov.

Nangona ugrogriso nxaniso, leyo ubukhosi elilawulayo azidalileyo phezu bavukeli, oku usulelo ayikwazanga ayinakunyangeka. Le mvukelo waphuma kolawulo. usapho tsar ihlala kuphela kuzimela incwadi yesicelo ekutshatyalalisweni ethile. Ngoku nje kuphela abavukeli kodwa abantu balo yinto enkulu engozini. Zonke phezu isimemezelo soMhlekazi. Weza kulawula emva kokumkani Fedor Godunov - False nguDmitry I.

Ukuhlolwa ngawabo

Xa sithetha ngokutsha ababephila amazwe kunye Russian, kungathathwa yonke intsapho njengamaxhoba yokuziphatha ngundlovu Borisa Godunova. Wambulala phambi kokumkani nguDmitry. Kuba kuThixo kwafuneka ndithi kuye nentsapho yakhe. Ngoko 'enye ilejendi "lakhe lithi V. Shumsky, owabhala kumgca isihloko ngemfihlo.

Ngoko Fedor, ukuba abantu abakrelekrele nabanako, kweza isichotho iimeko ezinzima. Umhlaba sele ilungiselelwe bona nguyise. Phantsi kwezinye iimeko junior Godunov akwazi mazibathwalele uxolo kweli lizwe, kodwa ke, njengokuba sisazi, asikwazi kwakhona imbali. Ixesha Iingxaki, njengoko kumgxobhozo emnyama waginya ingqondo yakhe eliqaqambileyo kunye neengcamango okuqhubekayo.