Theory kwamaziko amalungelo obunini

amalungelo zempahla ngokuba amagunya abathile okanye amaqela abantu ukuba basebenzise izibonelelo. Le ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu, olwenzeka ngenxa yobukho kweempahla kunye nokusetyenziswa ngakumbi.

Ithiyori amalungelo obunini uchaza imigaqo yokuziphatha kwi impahla. Ukungaphumeleli ukwenza njalo kukhokelela ekwandeni kakhulu iindleko.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubudlelwane propati zisekelwe ingxaki yokunqongophala kwezibonelelo. Ukusekwa ngokwamalungelo ikuvumela ukuba anciphise nokulawula ungquzulwano phezu ukusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo ezithile. Banciphisa ukungaqiniseki kwimeko yezoqoqosho, iyenza enokuxelwa kwangaphambili ngakumbi. amalungelo ekhuselweyo namasiko ezintsonkothileyo, amasiko ongabhalwanga.

Ithiyori amalungelo obunini enxulumene ukuziphatha yequmrhu kwezoqoqosho. Noko ke, imingcele kunye nezithintelo aluboneleli impumezo zicacileyo le mimiselo.

theory kwamaziko amalungelo obunini ingqalelo ukutshintshiselana amalungelo ibe sisananelo zemibono amagunya, equka izinto elinanye: ubunini, ulawulo kunye nokusetyenziswa ilungelo ingeniso, ixabiso ikomkhulu nto, ngokuba ukhuseleko, ipropati idluliselwa ngokuthanda okanye lilifa, kuba noxanduva kwisohlwayo, ongunaphakade , ukulindela ukubuya zendalo, nokuthintelwa ukusetyenziswa yingozi.

ingxaki incazelo

Le sibandakanya nkcazelo ngqo onke amalungelo wezindlu. Ukuba iseti amalungelo ichazwe ngokucacileyo, kodwa akukho ukhuseleko ngokwaneleyo, oko konyusa ingozi ukungaqiniseki. Kwihlabathi yokwenene akanakuba ingundoqo ukhuselo kunye lamalungelo iinkcukacha kuba ufuna ngokupheleleyo, ulwazi olubanzi.

Usaba kwenzeka xa amalungelo ngempazamo esekwe okanye amagunya zixhomekeke kwizithintelo, leyo ukunciphisa impumelelo yokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo kunye nexabiso labo.

Coase theorem

Ngokutsho Coase, zangaphandle (nokube) kuvela xa amagunya azichazwanga ngokucacileyo. Yena udlulisela ubukho lokungaphumeleli emarikeni. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuphucula lo mthetho. Ukuba nangoku iintsilelo market kuhlala, ngoko ityala urhulumente.

Ithiyori amalungelo obunini ngokusebenzisa Coase theorem ibonisa ukuba le ngxaki ayikho ukufumaneka kwipropati yabucala, neentsilelo zayo. Apha, indima ephambili idlalwa yeendleko zentengiselwano. Xa kunjalo, ukuba ilingana zero, imfuneko ummiselo osemthethweni. Xa unesi sifo, amalungelo unikezelo iyayeka ukuba abe ngoondilele. Oko kuyaqala ukuba nempembelelo kubume kwemveliso kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Ngenxa yoko, ithiyori kwezoqoqosho amalungelo obunini, ingakumbi Coase theorem, sivulele ekuqondeni indima karhulumente, iindlela ezintsha.

Eyona engundoqo Impumelelo yale theory

Ithiyori amalungelo obunini ngokucacileyo ubukho kweenkqubo ezizezinye zobumnini. Kukho ezintathu eziphambili ulawulo lomthetho. Xa impahla labucala ngumnini oyedwa. izwi lakhe nayo nayiphi na imiba nokusetyenziswa kobutyebi sesokugqibela. Ngenxa yoko, abantu Ukwalamana sinelungelo ngokwemiqathango ukufikelela kwizibonelelo ezithile: ivuliwe kuphela kumnini okanye abantu ukuba aye igunya okanye amagunya kwiCEMIS. Xa karhulumente- ukufikelela kwimithombo enqabileyo inikezelwa kwi Ngokwesiseko umdla ezidityanelweyo zoluntu. Enyanisweni akukho mntu wamnika ilungelo, ekubeni kungekho mntu self-nzala ayibonakali njengokuba ezaneleyo nayiphi yokusetyenziswa kwezibonelelo. Xa impahla eqhelekileyo yaye akukho mntu wamnika ilungelo, kodwa ukufikelela iinzuzo kumntu wonke.