Theodolite :, injongo, iindidi

Ekwenzeni le zobunjineli, ufakelo kunye nomsebenzi lokwakha ukuchaneka ebaluleke kakhulu. Kwaye enze ukwakha ezintsonkothileyo okubizwa ngokuba 'iliso' kwiimeko ezinjalo ayamkelekanga. Kukho inani elikhulu zezixhobo geodetic ezikuvumela ngobuchule ukwenza imilinganiselo kunye izibalo. Umzekelo, imigangatho, amakhasethi, tachometers kunye nezinye izixhobo zokulinganisela.

Phakathi kwabo nathi kufuneka iqaqambise theodolite. Esi sixhobo eliphezulu ephambili eqinisekisa ukusebenza oluchanekileyo abahloli. Theodolites ezi okubonakalayo kunye elektroniki. Senza ibinzwe emboxo, yokulinganisa, ngelo xesha, omabini engile nkqo kunye nkqo.

izicelo

Esi sixhobo geodetic ezisetyenziswa kwezi nkalo zilandelayo:

• xa ufuna ukwakha iimaphu ngesimo kunye nezicwangciso, okanye uthungelwano amanqaku geodetic ukwakha yokubona triangle;
• xa kuyimfuneko ukumisela indawo lamanqaku ngesakhiwo kuthelekiswa omnye komnye;
• imisebenzi yokwakha, umzekelo, xa kuyimfuneko ukulungisa izakhiwo isakhiwo tye okanye nkqo (amathumba, iintsika, etc ...);

Ukusebenza theodolite ayikho nzima. Ukwenza izibalo ezintsonkothileyo kunye nemilinganiselo, kufuneka bafumane izakhono ezithile.

ngezigaba kwezixhobo

Theodolites babe iintlobo eziliqela. Zezi:

1. theodolites Optical. Devices yale hlobo ivame kakhulu. Alungile kwaye zithembekile ukusetyenziswa entsimini. Theodolites yale hlobo ezithandwa abahloli. Zinelungelo kwiqela lokulungileyo phezu confreres elektroniki: Akuyomfuneko iibhetri, ukuze isebenze kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa. theodolites Optical ungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ngendlela ebanzi uluhlu ubushushu, nokuba kwiqondo lobushushu ngezantsi lomkhenkce. Theodolites ezi zilwanyana kuba kunokwenzeka ubuncinane. Iingxelo theka isikali goniometric. Ukuba isixhobo ayiqulathanga i inkumbulo yangaphakathi, kuya kuba yimfuneko ukuba ijenali entsimini, nto leyo eya kuthi kungenwe yonke idatha.
2. Laser theodolite kwakhona nzima ukusebenza. Esi sixhobo isebenzisa umqadi laser leyo ukhonza sisalathisi echanileyo. Kwiphakati odityanisiweyo imisebenzi izixhobo ezimbini - reticle kunye aqhelelkileyo isixhobo yekhompyutha ukuze imilinganiselo. Ifowuni mayixhotyiswe kumqhubekekisi enamandla owenza zonke izibalo kunye neziphumo iboniswa kwisixhobo kwidispleyi. Lula ukusetyenziswa kunye namalungelo theodolite zisekuhleni kanye.
3. Xa theodolites zedijithali isicelo izangqa nkqo nethe tyaba equlethe yophawulo pogradusnuyu. Endaweni basebenzisa idiski bar-code. Isixhobo lenza imilinganiselo ngendlela ezenzekelayo. Uyilo kwisixhobo enjalo iqulathe isixhobo memory. igcina Theodolite idatha kwinkumbulo yayo yangaphakathi. Kunye theodolites yedijithali kufuneka asebenze kwindawo enzima kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, ekubeni ezi zixhobo ziqulathe imithombo kunye panel LCD.
4. Phototheodolites kunye kinoteodolity lilungu udidi zokubethwa abe nenjongo ethile. Ukwakhiwa lokuqala sidibanisa theodolite kunye camera, nto leyo ebonisa uququzelelo ngesimo. Eyona njongo ye kinoteodolitov - ukulungisa indlela izinto zombini emhlabeni kwaye emoyeni.

izakhi device

Xa uyilo, theodolites bohlulwa babe ezi ndidi zilandelayo:

• Simple. Xa schemes theodolite ialidade kunye kwisitupu uphendule ngokuzimeleyo.
• Sokuvuselela. Ukujikeleza kwisitupu kunye ialidade zingenzeka zombini ngabanye kunye ngokudibeneyo.

Theodolites ukuchaneka kwazo wohlulwe:

• ukuchaneka Technical ukuba ka 15 - 60 imizuzwana ye arc.
• I ngqo nge imposiso lemizuzwana engaphantsi kwe-10.
• Hle. Vumela ukwenza imilinganiselo kunye ukuchana ukuya ku-1 wesibini arc.

device jikelele

Theodolite ibandakanya ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Abalibona tube. Yena uye ukukhulisa ethile. Le ndawo ke zimiliselwe ntsika zimbini, ezithi zixhonywe enemilenze emithathu.
• A iindlela readout. Ezi ziquka isangqa nkqo kwaye tyaba (lo mlenze). Eyokuqala kwikholam, kwaye eyesibini esisekweni.
• Kwacunyuzwa okanye shkalovoy ngemicroscope. Le theodolite isixhobo ukufunda ezisetyenziswa izixhobo kumatshini. Xa ubalo yokuqala kwenziwa isalathiso stroke, kwaye eyesibini - on esikalini. Neemicroscope yenzelwe ukufunda amalungu omzimba.
• Ialidade. Ingaba umgca wenguquko ukuba unalo uqhagamshelwano ngesandla kwesebe umzimba. Iqulathe indlela reference - vernier.
• Adaptha kunye ngezikhonkwane emqondweni. Ngexesha tinctures kunye nokulungelelanisa le ngezikhonkwane baxele isixhobo iindlela intshukumo ethambileyo.
• Wokumisa. Nale ilothe oluhlangeneyo enombala eyenziwa ngqo egxile phezu ingongoma.
• Enemilenze. Le element iyasetyenziswa xa usebenza kwi ariya ethile. Wamlenya lo theodolite.

Yintoni isizathu imisebenzi isixhobo

theodolite Mechanical isebenza ngolu hlobo. Umsebenzisi ubona imifanekiso amanqaku ezahlukeneyo isakhiwo ngokusebenzisa eyepiece Array. Xa emehlweni lithiwe rhuthu kwi kwindawo iqatshelwe eyepiece ye neemicroscope, leyo igrafu bar lophawulo namthanyana esisigxina zombini ethe nkqo nethe tyaba-engile. Eyokuqala ekujikeni, kwaye eyesibini - angle ulwalathiso.

ngokulandelana zeengcali uyalela umbhobho ukuya ulawulo yoyilo ngongoma, umlinganiselo engile aze abhale nezalathi kwijenali data. Konke oku kwenziwa xa theodolite optical isicelo. Imilinganiselo-engile ezenziwe unocanda ukuba badlale indima ebalulekileyo. Amvumela ukuba ukujonga njani kakuhle le projekthi uyabulawa.

Xa isicelo yamacebo elektronika ezingeyomfuneko iiengile ezibonwayo nitrogen. Ngapha koko, abenzi boluvo elektroniki izangqa tye kunye nkqo ngokuzenzekelayo yonke idatha kwi isixhobo LCD bonisa kwi abantu yesiqhelo ngedijithali. Kwakhona, yonke idatha egcinwe kwi khadi. Ukusetyenziswa theodolites elektroniki kuphucula lweengcali yabasebenzi yokusebenza kunye nokuphelisa iimpazamo ngenxa ukubala engalunganga ebonakalayo ubungqina ezikhoyo kwimeko engile yokulinganisa phezu imodeli optical.

Indlela ukusebenza nge theodolite?

Ukuba bahlole ukuba ngaba kwindawo eziyimfuneko ndakutywina yokulinganisa ekujikeni? Bonke baxhotyiswa namaqondo theodolites. Ngexesha fakelo, mababe Qiniseka ukusetha. Uhlengahlengiso ngezikhonkwane, uyakwazi ukufumana kwinqanaba elifunekayo. Ukuchaneka ziko ndibeka ilothe okanye wokumisa optical. Xa bafunda ntoni iziqalelo na isixhobo, ungakwazi ukuqala nge theodolite.

Ukufakelwa kunye uqwalaselo kwefowuni

Njani, ke, ukuba usebenzisa le sixhobo? Okokuqala kufuneka ufake ifowni enemilenze emithathu. Ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuchaza iingongoma inkxaso ezimbini, nto leyo eya uqhutyelwe ezibonakalayo isixhobo ityhubhu. Okokuqala, oko kubonisa indawo yokuqala. Ngaphezu koko usebenze isixhobo nitrogen, walinganisa ngokusebenzisa ngomsonto nkqo. Okulandelayo, engela tye. Yonke idatha kufuneka zibhalwe log, ngoko ukususa i lock. Okulandelayo ufuna ukugcina umkhondo kwindawo yesibini. Ukuze wenze oku, khawulitshitshise ngku theodolite. In inyathelo elilandelayo teleskopu esijikeleziswa.

Okulandelayo, kufuneka utshintshe indawo esangqeni uze uzise umbhobho ukuya kwindawo. Ukuba imilinganiselo kufuneka bekukho iyantlukwano engephi, ilungelo lokuba avareji. Ngexesha nomlinganiselo kwesebe kufuneka zero okanye ixabiso noko osenyongweni. Njengokujikeleza ialidade kufuneka simiswe ngalo mzuzu xa umdlalo icala ngeqanda izithethe ezixabisekileyo ekusekwe phezu kwesebe kunye ngemicroscope. Zonke ezi imilinganiselo ngasentla lwenziwa kwisangqa.

ukukhetha yesixhobo

Ngaphambi ngokukhetha isixhobo kufuneka amisele uhlobo lomsebenzi eziza kwenziwa kwi theodolite. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi elula sisondela isixhobo, nto leyo eye-avareji neempawu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zixhobo zexabiso eliphantsi. Xa ukhetha theodolite isixhobo kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo kakhulu ezifana iparameters njengoko data kunye nememori yangaphakathi, njengoko kungekho ukusetyenziswa ezisebenzayo.

Operating Imiyalelo theodolites

Isixhobo standard of theodolite nganye iquka imiyalelo ukusetyenziswa. Le ncwadana ichaza ngokulandelelana yokwenza imisebenzi kwisixhobo. Ukusebenzisa le ncwadi encinane, unako ukufumana phandle nge sisodwa theodolite. Guide User kaThixo - oku kwakhona ikhadi iwaranti kunye isixhobo log. Ixabiso avareji ye theodolite yekhompyutha 50-70 amawaka engange.

into ihlelwe njani theodolite?

Imiyalelo eya theodolite iqulethe ulwazi oluncinci malunga isixhobo. Oku kuquka datha ilandelayo:

• iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo;
• scope;
• inki;
• indlela yokufaka kakuhle kwisixhobo nokulungiselela ukulinganisa;
• ukusebenzisa isixhobo ngayo;
• isikhokelo target;
• indlela yokwenza yamaqondo kunye isixhobo sentlalo;
• ukunakekela isixhobo.

Umyalelo Manual in ifomu ephepheni Ngokomzi yaye ubhetyebhetye, oko inzuzo enkulu. Akumthathi isithuba kakhulu kwaye uthabathe nawe. Xa umyalelo onjalo akayi ngumkhenkce yombhalo wangoku, kwaye akuyi kuhlala isigxina. Kulo ngalo naliphi na ixesha ukufumana ulwazi oluyimfuneko, nokuba wena entsimini, kwisiza okanye umsebenzi.

Imiyalelo ngokuba theodolite divayisi lonke ulwazi malunga isixhobo eya kunceda configure nokuqinisekiswa.

theodolite yasekhaya

4t30p Theodolite - sesona sixhobo ethandwa geodetic kwimveliso yasekhaya. Oku kwenza i phambene Optical and Mechanical Plant. Le theodolite ihlelwa izixhobo ngendlela zobugcisa. 4t30p Theodolite unalo iingenelo zilandelayo:

• iisampula isuswe nge shkalovogo microscope;
• Ingasetyenziswa trehshtativny indlela. Kulo mzekelo, kuma detachable nge eyakhelwe-ngaphakathi wokumisa optical;
• yerediyo eziqulathwe image ngqo;
• omzimba lobeko lwenziwa xa ifowuni esijikeleziswa ngesilungelelanisi okhethekileyo;
• kukho tribrach elisusekayo;
• ifowuni ingasetyenziswa kwimimandla ezohlukeneyo;
• ubunzima low;
• ubukhulu omncinane ifowuni.

Theodolite iye yasetyenziswa kwezi nkalo zilandelayo ngempumelelo:

• ezolimo;
• kuhlolwa;
• design landscape;
• yokwakheka komhlaba;
• kwamahlathi.

Le theodolite isixhobo isoloko isetyenziswa kwiimeko entsimini ezinzima. Ixabiso theodolite imalunga 50-60 amawaka engange.

Ngoko ke, nguwe omele theodolite, leyo ixhomekeke ngqo kwi ububanzi bomsebenzi.