Spaso-Bethany Monastery, Sergiev Posad: imbali, photo, idilesi, izalathiso

Isixeko samandulo Sergiev Posad, imbali apho uya emva kwinkulungwane elikude elinesine, yaziwa phantse nje wonke umhlali zelizwe lethu, kodwa uninzi abakhenkethi bamanye amazwe ndifikile eRashiya ukuze ubone izinto zayo. Ifunyanwa neekhilomitha nje amahlanu ukusuka kwikomkhulu, ifakwa kwi-Golden Ring. Le dolophu kakhulu lula ukuhambela. Ngaphezu koko, apha, abaninzi bakholisa ukuba eze ngenxa yokuba uviwo kwezi ezinika eziphambili abahambi Sergiyev Posad kwanele iintsuku nje omnye okanye ababini.

Igama lale dolophu laqala elamashumi omabini anesibini ka-Matshi 1782 ngenxa yomthetho uCatherine II wokuwonga elaa owaseka yokuhlala yasekuhlaleni Sergiya Radonezhskogo. Kwaye nangona kwiminyaka Soviet (1930 no 1991), le dolophu igama Zagorsk imbeko revolution VM Lubotsky-Zagorski, emva koko wabuyela igama lakhe lokuqala.

Kakade ke, nokutsala iphambili yale lali ukufanele ingqalelo zintathu Ongcwele St. uSergiyo Lavra - Monastery, leyo unanamhla lisemthethweni. Xa ukukhankanywa Posada abantu abaninzi abonakale ukunxulumana nale itempile entle, neendonga zaso ezimhlophe kunye uphahla yegolide. Bathi zibonakala sele ekungeneni esixekweni. Kodwa hayi kuphela uSergiyo Lavra usazisile lo kwidolophu encinane. City idume ooAshera zayo ezininzi, ukuze babone ukuba yeyiphi ngonyaka etsala malunga namakhulu amahlanu amawaka abahambi. Ngamnye kubo imbali yayo umdla ezibangel 'umdla. Ke kaloku omnye wabo uMsindisi Bethany Monastery (Sergiev Posad).

indaba

Le ise kumzantsi-mpuma umzi, malunga ezine yeekhilomitha ukusuka St. Bethany loMsindisi Monastery e Sergiev Posad - indawo leyo ngokuyimfuneko ifakiwe tour ngalinye guided. Kwakhona eyaziwa ngokuba yi "Russian Bethany."

Ngasekupheleni elinesibhozo - kwekhulu yeshumi elinesithoba kwi landscape emangalisayo ezintle ezinomtsalane amahlathi kwi ngaphandle Sergiyev Posad kwi kwinxalenye esempuma Kwasekwa zokulala eziliqela emishini. Baba ilawulwe Emnye-St. Kwiihostele yenzelwe ugwebe wedwa yokuthandaza, nto leyo ebendingenakuzifumana ku bahambi ezixineneyo eziliqela Lavra.

Eyokuqala kula madoda yaba woonongendi uMsindisi Bethany. Ngelishwa, bambalwa abasindayo ukususela isakhiwo namhlanje zenza umbindi kwidolophana encinane Ptitsegrad. Kuphela iliso zeengcali ukuphaphama ithi abanye uzinzo kwi indawo "ngamaqhekeza" data ngexesha elinye kakhulu kwisakhiwo esikhulu bokwakha, leyo ngokubanzi kuthathwa uMsindisi Bethany weemonki. Sergiev Posad iye ukususela litshintshile kakhulu. Namhlanje, kukho iindawo ezininzi umdla apho kwindawo yokuqala zama ukufumana abakhenkethi, kodwa emva koko Podmoskovnaya Bethany yayigqalwa lesibini umtsalane ezibalulekileyo umzi.

zokwakha

Ekukholelwa ukuba ngoko umphathi woonongendi, uBhishophu Platon (Levshin igama wempangelo Peter) waseka Spaso-Bethany Monastery (Sergiev Posad). Izithombe zigcinwa museum komzi, ubaqononondise yokuba kule ndawo eyayifudula yamanzi. Yaba isiqwenga enkulu somhlaba phakathi komlambo hucksters ichibi enkulu kangangoko apho ezizalana iintlanzi, ezisetyenziselwa iimfuno weemonki.

Le ndawo akhethelwe woonongendi, ebizwa Korbuha. Phambi eweni kaloliwe yakhiwa apha, kunye kummandla apho uMsindisi Bethany Monastery, Ngenxa lwesakhiwo Emnye-uSergiyo Lavra yakhiwa. entlango New wayakha iminyaka emine: ukususela 1783 kude th-1787. a It solulelwe ukusuka empuma kuye entshona yoxande elide. Wahlala wabelithiyiwe imbeko Palestine Bethany - indawo apho kukho uvuko engummangaliso uLazaro. sakhiwo ekhokelwa abayili ophum N. Yakovlev Odoevtsev. Bacelwa ukusuka eMoscow ingakumbi ekwakhiweni woonongendi entsha.

Ukugcwalisa

Ngelishwa, bambalwa kwazi ngokuqinisekileyo ofana uMsindisi Bethany Monastery (Sergiev Posad). Amafoto, bambalwa esigcinwe komyuziyam yaphaya, zibonisa ukuba umgca kumbindi compositional ebekwe Gates oyiNgcwele. Bagcina nge kwinqaba intsimbi. Ngomhla kummandla woonongendi kukho kwakhona i loMsindisi yoTshintsho Cathedral, ndlu Dukhovskaya ibandla, ezine lwezindlu zoluntu, indlu awayephila kulo yena, Archimandrite Platon, kunye neeseli undwendwe eziliqela.

Ngokutsho projekthi, malunga nesicwangciso ngokubanzi baba necropolis, kwakunye izitali kunye nendlu nomqeqeshi. yayakhelwe wonke ummandla apho woonongendi uMsindisi Bethany wayengqongwe oluqinile ilitye.

Ngowe-1787, unyaka wonke umsebenzi wokwakha sele ugqityiwe, umphathi woonongendi elimiswe uPlato metropolitans. Phantse ngexesha elifanayo Emnye oyiNgcwele woonongendi kuMsindisi-Bethany eMonastri ezintsha, iifoto leyo ithiwe thaca apha ngasezantsi, akayiyekela indlu ngokukhethekileyo iziqu. Kuyinto lomngcwabo somthi apho phantse ezimbini iinkulungwane, izinto ezingcwele Sergiya Radonezhskogo.

ubufundisi

Emva kokuba umcimbi ekumisweni kwayo ngo-1797, unyaka kundwendwelo Sergiyev Posad nguMlawuli Paul I. Yena kuqala watyelela eli Abbey, emva koko waya eBhethani weemonki. Apha ke wathatha i-Metropolitan Platon. Lo mlawuli yanelisekile kangangokuba kunye nemeko woonongendi, leyo nangoko wakhupha umthetho wokuba kumiswe evuliwe ubufundisi weemonki. Ukongeza, wathola ibandla eBhethani kwaye ebalulekileyo indawo komhlaba. Enye umthetho loMsindisi wakhe Monastery Bethany wayekufanelekela inzuzo ye ematyeni ezintathu eziye eziqeshiweyo. In memory of ukutyelela woonongendi woMlawuli Paul Metropolitan Platon wabeka obelisk.

Ngowe-1800, unyaka sobufundisi waqala ukwakha isakhiwo okhethekileyo. Kwaye wesithandathu Agasti oko yavulwa ngokusesikweni. Isakhiwo esinemigangatho emibini kunye iinqaba amane yakhiwa kwi imilo le leta "P" - imbeko yoMlawuli uPawulos. Kweli ziko litsha baqala ukuthatha abantu abatsha, ngakumbi abantwana nabefundisi. Imfundo kwi sobufundisi akwazi ukufumana enye ofisi ezintathu ezikhoyo. Baba kwicala lwegrama-buciko, zezenkolo okanye bulumko. Metropolitan Platon mathupha wayesazi zomfundi ngamnye. Yena, njengoko kuboniswa chroniclers uyathotyelwa, njengokuba kakuhle nabafundi bezibhalo, yonke imihla esweni iimeko zokuhlala kwabo. Kuyabonakala ukuba, ngoko uMsindisi Bethany Convent, abaninzi baqala ukubiza "yesikolo".

Abo banqwenela ukuya Bethany Seminary, nto leyo zokufundisa zasiwa, baba baninzi kangaka. Ngoko ke, ngokuhamba kwexesha landiswa. Sele banesifo zenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba, kwaba isakhiwo esihle, sidalwe indlela classicism.

Emva kokufa kuka Metropolitan

Ekupheleni kuka-1812, emva kokuba imikhosi uNapoleon kaThixo, layohlala evela eMoscow, waqalisa ukuhamba umhlaba Russian, laphela uhambo lwakhe emhlabeni Metropolitan Platon. umngcwabo wayo ibanjelwe oyiNgcwele yoTshintsho Cathedral. Yaye emva kokufa kwakhe Theological Seminary, nto leyo eye yaba "ngudoqo 'Intandokazi umphathi, uye waqhubeka ngokwanda. Ngaba utshintsho banikwa kunye weemonki ngokwayo. On nommandla wayo ezimbalwa izakhiwo zamatye elungiselelwe iimonki, monki kunye abbots zakhiwa, kunye nesakhiwo yabonelela poorhouse, kunye ehotele.

Xa gqira kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba kunokuba enkulu Cathedral angqukuva ezintlanu-sakhiwa kwisiza yendlu Dukhovskoy yokuhlala. Kwazeka ngokuba Tikhvin. Icawa izibingelelo ezintlanu. Ngenkulungwane yokuqala amabini, belingana kunye Lavrov kunye Chernigov Skete waqalisa ukuthandwa kunye noMsindisi Bethany weemonki. Indlela ukufika kulo namhlanje, lungafumaneka kwi-website esemthethweni woonongendi.

idilesi

Namhlanje, bonke abakhenkethi abeza Sergiev Posad, soloko uthuthwa kwi oyiNgcwele Monastery of eBhetani. Idilesi Russian Bethany - Maslieva Street, Ukwakha 25. ngumgama oziikhilomitha ezintathu kuphela kumazantsi Chernihiv yaseGetsemane Skete.

Spaso-Bethany Convent, njani ukuba wonke ikholwa ohlala Sergiev Posad ngubani owaziyo, ngonyaka ufumana inani elikhulu zabanquli. Abaninzi kubo beze apha ngololiwe okanye uloliwe. Ukuze kufikelelwe woonongendi ukusuka kwisikhululo sikaloliwe kulula. Kuyinto lula ukoyisa umgama ngeenyawo.

Ukwenza njalo, zihamba kaloliwe eweni ukuya emantla ngakwicala Aleksandrov kwi kwibhulorho kaloliwe yesibini, jika ngasekunene uhambe ngaphandle eBhethani. Kwaye ngenxa yakhe, Ptitsegradskoy ufikelelo ngqo eBhetani eMonastri zoMsindisi.

Indlela ukufumana traffic

Yiya ehlala eyinkunzi Ngenxa yeengxaki zentswelo ngemoto ukuya Yaroslavl kuhola wendlela. Ngaphambi kokuba isalathisi Sergiev Posad, jika ngasekunene kwicala Yaroslavl kwi emendweni M8. On kufuneka ukuya umqondiso "uvule nomdiliya." Emva koko kufuneka ukutsala endleleni. Phambi kokuba afikelele imidiliya kufuneka ajike ngasekhohlo ecaleni kwendlela ukuya weemonki.

abahambi abaninzi, ukufunda umzila we Golden Ring ngokwakho, ezinomdla uMsindisi Bethany Monastery (Sergiev Posad). Indlela ukuya kuyo, uthi nawuphi na umzi. Yenza kube lula: ukusuka Emnye-uSergiyo Lavra roll esitratweni ukuya ngasekunene Red Ibutho Ilungiselelo Karla Marksa. Kwaye ke ukuya kumzi weemonki Ptitsegradskoy.

Kule minyaka Soviet

Emva kokuba revolution, imbali uMsindisi Bethany Convent itshintshe kakhulu. Lendela bavunyelwa ukuba bahlale kwi woonongendi kuphela ubume amalungu abasebenzi imifelandawonye yezolimo. Noko ke, kwiminyaka esixhenxe kamva, woonongendi nangoku ivaliwe, Noko ke, kwezinye iindawo abakhonzi wahlala phambi 1929. Uninzi izakhiwo primonastyrskih wanikwa ikhaya labantwana, kwaye endlwini olawulwa yi-Metropolitan Platon, intsimbi exposure igcinwe, leyo lalibukele History and Art Museum of Sergiev Posad.

Xa banesifo Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini kummandla Bethany sanikelwa isityalo processing iinkukhu. Waye wabizwa ngokuba Ptitsegradom. KwiBolsheviks asingabo ingakumbi izakhiwo ezindala basinda. Abanye babo wabuya wazivusa ngalo ngenxa emaxongo, ngoxa abanye - ngenxa kwemathiriyeli yokwakha, umzekelo, izitena ixesha elide kakhulu. Ngoko yatshatyalaliswa yoTshintsho Church. Bebonke isiphelo sinye wehlelwa isakhiwo apho wayehlala Metropolitan Platon, kwakunye enjengothango eMonastri le, Isango oyiNgcwele, nenqaba Isango yentsimbi namatye necropolis lobuzalwana.

Wanqunyulwa intloko wanikelwa kwiNdlu of Culture kunye nebandla Tikhvin. Yena nokuba lalisetyenziswa ngexesha elinye ngesifukamisi, uze emva koko - njengoko bhanyabhanya kunye dance floor. Le semina yavulwa Skin izindlu kunye nezifo ezifana neegcushuwa Clinic. Malunga kanye isigodlo esifumileyo ngaloo minyaka ngathi izakhiwo ezimbini nezintathu kuphela abasindayo.

ukuzalwa

Ngowe-1998, unyaka woonongendi yadluliselwa kulawulo weemonki. Ukususela ngoko waqalisa mvuselelo yayo. Izakhiwo uyasinda zalungiswa zatshatyalaliswa - kwakhona yakhiwa. Kufuneka ke ukuba umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa uyaqhubeka namhlanje. Ukubuyisela izinto ezininzi ezisetyenziswa abambalwa oseleyo endala iifoto, imizobo kunye nomzobo.

Spaso-Bethany monastery namhlanje

Woonongendi singqongwe kocingo kwakhona kunye nesango oyiNgcwele. Ngaphezu kubo ogama nenqaba intsimbi ngamatye. Wabulawa pseudo-Russian isimbo, yinto gem yokuveliswa lomculo esanda waphila.

Ngomhla kummandla woonongendi ithatha indawo esembindini entsha yakhiwa Spaso-Preobrazhensky Cathedral. Le Novodel etempileni seqanda sidalwe komfanekiselo yecawa, apho ubukhona ngaphambili. Iza kuxhobisa kwiitrone ezimbini. Ezisezantsi omiselweyo ukuze kuzukiswe uvuko ngokungummangaliso uLazaro, incopho - le Kumbi.

Itempile ebuyiselweyo uhombiso zayo, nto leyo wayezelwe uPlato. Itrone kwenziwa esibingelelweni. Bahlanganisana ngomthandazo ukuba amakholwa kubona oko umqolomba encinane, ezifana mnye wodwa babengene kuwo uLazaro wangcwatywa yaye ngaphezu ezinyukayo entabeni yeTabhore. Etempileni, itrone omise eliphezulu liphuma udonga udonga nezemarmore ekubhalwe kuso. It is Zazihonjiswe iintyatyambo, izityalo kunye namanani zezilwanyana, kulingisa intaba.

Okwangoku wenza nokulungiswa buso kunye Dukhovskoy ibandla apho zibanjwa iinkonzo. Busekho na ukubuyiselwa indlu lesikhumbuzo awayephila Metropolitan Platon. Ngelo kocingo, kufutshane Gates oyiNgcwele detuned kwakhona, ngowe-2012, kuye yamisa lesikhumbuzo umnyibilikisi le weemonki.

mode

Spaso-Bethany Convent isemthethweni. Ubomi kulo asebenza ngummiselo engqongqo. Ukususela ngo-2002, inxalenye kummandla woonongendi wadlula Lavra kwefama. Ukuya woonongendi kunokuba nangaluphi na usuku evekini ukususela ezintandathu mathathu kusasa kwada ezisibhozo ebusuku. Inkonzo kusasa iqala ngo 5.30 kunye 6.30 kusasa, nasemalanga - ngo-16,40. Esi kwisikolo seCawa abantwana abavela kwiintsapho kweeklasi amarhamente veki nganye.

iwayini Own - umthombo sekratshi weemonki. Athatha wonke uzayo oyiNgcwele Monastery of eBhetani. Sergiev Posad, malunga ngokundwendwela i ncomo aseleyo abakhaya bethu nje kuphela, kodwa ngabakhenkethi abavela kumazwe amaninzi aseYurophu, ichaphazela ngobuninzi ezinika. Enye yazo Russian eBhetani, apho iba kwintendelezo encinane, obubonelela ehlala amaqanda kunye nobisi.