School Imbali yoMthetho: unobangela, abameli, iingcamango ezingundoqo

Isiqingatha sesibini XVIII - ekuqaleni XIX eminyaka. - ixesha xa ingqalelo ezininzi yahlawulwa nembambano yomthetho, ukuvela kunye nophuhliso, impembelelo yawo ekuphuhliseni umntu imbali ithi ngamnye. Eyona nto ibaluleke ngokukodwa kwi nengcitho impikiswano elibukhali kwi kwisikolo ezimbalini yomthetho, edume kakhulu kuzo nabameli izazinzulu German G. Hugo, G. and K. Puchta Savigny.

Umsebenzi kwezi oososayensi baqalisa kunye ukugxekwa, eziye phantsi ingqiqo ngokusemthethweni na imithetho imvelaphi. Hugh G. and K. Savigny wayesithi ukuba akukho mfuneko yokuba Ndombizela utshintsho olukhulu ngendlela ekhoyo. Ngokutsho kwabo, ngokuba wonke umntu noluntu ngayo imeko eqhelekileyo uzinzo, hayi amalinge rhoqo, nto leyo esijolise ukwamkelwa kwemithetho okuqhubekayo ngakumbi ekufuneka ukutshintsha ngokwesiseko uhlobo womntu.

School yezembali uMthetho kusekelwe embonweni ukuba iziko lubalulekileyo nayiphi na imeko ayikwazi kuthathwa ebekwe phezu iyunithi, leyo nkampani onyanzelwayo ukuba ukulandela. Kakade ke, ukuyilwa isikhala somthetho, urhulumente lidlala indima, Noko ke, ayikho imfaneleyo kulo mbandela ubaluleke kakhulu. nezithethe Legal njengoko umlawuli engundoqo wobomi ekuhlaleni kubonakala ngequbuliso, imbonakalo yazo kunzima kakhulu ukufumana ezinye zokuvumela. Ilungelo kuvela ngokuzenzekelayo, ngokwentsebenziswano zochuku lwabantu omnye komnye, xa abo okanye ezinye nezithintelo okanye nezithethe ndibopha aqalile ukunxiba umlinganiswa elaziwayo. Kulo mzekelo, imithetho eyamkelwe nguRhulumente, oko kuphela isenzo sokugqibela zokunika izithethe ezisemthethweni null and void.

Historical School of Law, hayi kanye mandithi, abameli balo, phakathi kwabantu bokuqala ukukhulisa umbuzo ukuba uphuhliso ulawulo lomthetho yoluntu injongo ngokwendalo, oku komntu akuxhomekekanga ekuzithandeleni iminqweno umntu, nabantu abanempembelelo kunene. Ngelo xesha, yaye ibenefuthe kuphuhliso lwabantu eziqhelekileyo angabi nako, ngenxa yokuba bonke tshintsho luye kakhulu. Ngoko ke isigqibo esenziwa K. Savigny: akukho malungelo ukuba zitshintshele ubundlobongela zomyalelo ekhoyo izinto abantu abanayo. Ke kufuneka azame ukulungisa le meko ezikhoyo, nokuba ngokunxamnye nemvelo yakhe.

Enye inkalo yengqiqo amalungelo zophuhliso kukuba izazinzulu waseJamani kuqala bazama ukunxibelelanisa kwiimpawu zesizwe neeyantlukwano kwinkqubo yezomthetho. Ngokutsho umbono wawo umthetho asakhasayo kunye nophuhliso lwabantu, koko, xa lo mthetho kuchaphazela iimpawu umoya wesizwe. Ngoko ke, isikolo imbali yomthetho wayefuna ukubonakalisa inapplicability nawuphi transfer imithetho zomthetho ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye. Ngokutsho izazinzulu, loo ukuboleka ungenza kuphela yayiliziko entsha ukugogeka eluntwini.

Historical School of Law, nangona ukugxekwa kakhulu zombini kubantu awayephila kunye izizukulwana ezilandelayo yabaMeli, zibe nempembelelo ebalulekileyo kakhulu kuphuhliso ingcamango lwentlalo. Ngokukodwa, imfundiso ilungelo Hegel ubukhulu becala isekelwe phezu aqonda ngayo, iziko okanye into rhoqo okhulayo, kwaye iingcambu kakuhle echazwe zembali.