Imizimba uxinzelelo Mechanical - definition kunye nefomula Iimpawu eziqinileyo

Xa indlela eziqinileyo kunye iimeko ezahlukeneyo yokusingqongileyo, utshintsho kusenokuvela - ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Omnye umzekelo ubunzima evela kwi elingaphakathi emzimbeni. Oku kugqiba iqondo utshintsho kunokwenzeka xa umonakalo.

nezimaphambili ezingundoqo physics

uxinzelelo Mechanical - umlinganiselo amandla lwangaphakathi into, nto leyo eyenzeka phantsi kwempembelelo imiba eyahlukeneyo. Ngokomzekelo, xa deformation ngexesha apho imikhosi yangaphandle bazama ukutshintsha indawo isalamane amasuntswana, kwaye zangaphakathi - athintele le nkqubo, umda ukuba naliphi na ixabiso elithile. Ngenxa yoko, nathi sithi uxinezeleko ngoomatshini - yinto Njengesiphumo esithe ngqo uxinezeleko emzimbeni.

iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili loxinzelelo kungathiwa:

1. Normal - lusetyenziswa unit kwindawo kwicandelo umnqamlezo eqhelekileyo kuye.
2. Ebaxiweyo - lisetyenziswa kwicandelo iphedi kwi ilayini ezibambanayo kodwa azikweli kuyo.

Wokuhlangana bunzima zokubambela ngaxa lithile, ngokuba stress karhulumente kule ngongoma.

Ulinganiswa pascals (Pa) uhlobo: ukubalwa fomula apha ngezantsi

Q = F / S,

Apho Q xi -Mechanical (Pa), F - mandla eyenziwe deformation ngaphakathi emzimbeni (H), S - ndawo (mm).

Iimpawu eziqinileyo

Okuqinileyo, njengabo bonke abanye, kuba athom, kodwa kufuneka isakhiwo kakhulu leyo ngenkankulu ivavanywa deformation, ngamanye umthamo nemilo kuhlala rhoqo. izinto ezinjalo kufuneka eziliqela iipropati ezizodwa zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amabini ezinkulu:

1. Physical.
2. Chemical.

Kuba abantu ziquka oku kulandelayo:

1. Mechanical - ifundwe kunye neziphumo ehambelana emzimbeni. Ukomelela ingabalelwa ezi zakhiwo, ubu, amandla, oko kukuthi, yonke into enxulumene nako ukuxhathisa deformation okubangelwa zizinto zangaphandle.
2. Ubushushu - ukufunda impembelelo amaqondo ezahlukileyo into. Ezi zibandakanya ukwanda kwi ubushushu, conductivity thermal, umthamo ubushushu.
3. Electrical - ezi propati zinxulunyaniswa isindululo electron ngaphakathi emzimbeni kunye nobuchule ndawonye ibe njengesihlambo Ukhutshwa xa phantsi iimeko zangaphandle. Umzekelo - conductivity yombane.
4. Optical - bafunda ngokusebenzisa fluxes ukukhanya. Le propati ziquka ukukhanya, ukufunxeka diffraction ukukhanya.
5. Magnetic - kumiselwa phambi kokukhanyela otsalayo ngendlela kumacandelo emzimbeni esiqinileyo. Kubo, kwakunye umbane kwaye aphendule amasuntswana kakubi ityala ngenxa isakhiwo sayo kunye iintshukumo ezithile.

Iipropati imichiza ziquka yonke into enxulumene indlela ukwenza izinto ezifanelekileyo kunye neenkqubo zenzeka kulo. Umzekelo - ewisa igcwala. Ubume yikristale emkhusaneni nayo inxulumene ezi propati into.

Kungenzeka kwakhona ukuba anikezele iqela elincinane iipropati physicochemical. Oku kuquka abo abonakala omabini kwi mechanical kwaye amanye amachiza. Umzekelo - omlilo, apho utshintsho kwenzeka iimpawu ezimbini ngasentla.