Saratov, Emnye Cathedral: iifoto, ishedyuli kweenkonzo, iiyure zokusebenza, inkcazo, idilesi, inombolo yefowuni, imbali

On the Square Museum e Saratov kumi yamandulo oyiNgcwele Trinity Cathedral. Ndikuvile ngasezindongeni amakhwelo Tatar iintolo, yaye iilwimi abathulise pugachovskoy liqela, kwaye icule ukusuka uhlobo lwe revolution amazwi ezithethi eyababizela kuyo "yadilizwa emhlabeni nokwakha ...", kodwa kufuneka yakhiwe, yaye bona ngokwabo akuphuhlanga kakuhle kuphela. Eninzi zatshatyalaliswa ngonaphakade, kodwa waphila esithokothokweni senkangala itempile elimangalisayo - ikratshi novuyo kummandla iVolga. Ibali lokuzalwa kwakhe kufuneka uqale, babuyele kwiinkulungwane amane eyadlulayo.

Wooden owandulela Cathedral

Ngowe-1590, xa umlawuli bahanahanisi Fyodor Ivanovich, waseka abatoli kwi iVolga isixeko umlambo wokuhamba ekuthiwa Saratov. Malunga ke, kwezinye iicawa wathandaza abantu Orthodox kwiminyaka engamashumi yokuqala ikhona, ulwazi khange walondolozwa, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba 1674 ubhishophu bambonga Astrakhan Parfeny ukwakha kwinto enye yi dolophu square icawa somthi yexeshana egameni Emnye oyiNgcwele.

amarhamente inzondelelo yayakhiwe phezu kanye ndawo apho ngoku kumi odumileyo kulo lonke elo lizwe Emnye Cathedral (Saratov isixeko). kweminyaka elishumi elisebenzele kwesakhe Church ukuba usindiso lwemiphefumlo babantu, kungawo 1684 uYehova yenzeka e Saratov emlilweni enkulu - undwendwe rhoqo kweedolophu ezindala Russian ngamaplanga, bayonakalisa itempile log umlilo bengakhuselekanga.

Wahlala kwisiza webandla ezinye iintlantsi - amarhamente lihlwili, kunye archpriest umphathi walo uIgnatius (Danilov) ngoko zonakalise jikelele. Kwaye baya impilo ukubetha Astrakhan Metropolitan Savvaty ukuvumela ulwakhiwo yecawa ilitye nentsikelelo yayo Episcopal ukuba backed up ethile imali, nto leyo kwi into ekufuneka inani preizryadno.

Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo ilitye

Kaloku, kuthekani imali akaziwa, kwaye intsikelelo ka-Bishop wakhe, wada wachaza oko features kufuneka Cathedral ezahlukeneyo elizayo evela kunoogxa babo, kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kwakhiwa ngelo xesha eRashiya engcwele. Ngenxa ekufunyanweni oonobumba umsebenzi Metropolitan waqala endaweni yokubutha dolophu, yaye wathabatha Saratov Orthodox lonke inxaxheba. Emnye Cathedral yakhiwa nje kuphela imali yabantu, oko kukuthi, iminikelo yokuzithandela abemi, kodwa izandla zabo. Kwakusazeka ukuba wonke umsebenzi ezingafuni izakhono ezizodwa, zenziwa yi amarhamente elizayo.

Xa kugqitywa ngo-1659, wathunyelwa evela Astrakhan Archimandrite uYosefu, kunye kalukhuni kakhulu ukuhlola Cathedral entsha ngexesha elifanayo singcwalisiwe etempileni yakhe zombini - phezulu, egameni Emnye oyiNgcwele, kwaye yasezantsi, imbeko Kwingcingane ungowokubongwa Virgin. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku sele wahlala isenzo yokwamkela, kuqulunqwe siyambonga Archimandrite. Kulo exhaustively lidwelisa zonke i iimpawu zoyilo kwesakhiwo, yaye phantse zonke ingqalelo ehlawulwa obutofotofo yaye kunqabile kakhulu kwiitempile yephondo oveni Dutch ebekwe kumgangatho wokuqala kwaye wayifulela "iithayile emangalisayo."

imililo ezintsha neentlekele

Kodwa eziko, ethwele endlwini ifudumele yaye ezimnandi, aleleyo kunye langoku ingozi. Ngoko 1712 wayewe lomnye phantsi ember intsimbi shutter elivuthayo, kwaye kwakhona idlabhuzwe Saratov, uninzi izakhiwo leyo nangoku ezenziwe ngokhuni. Le umlilo wehla embalini njengoko esibi kunazo zonke yaye kwintlekele zonke ezenzeka mzi, kususela kwimini eyasekwayo.

Ubuhlungu wachaza owayephila koko wajika umlilo engundoqo yonqulo esi sixeko. Uphahla, iifestile, iingcango kunye nazo zonke ezinye iindawo oqingqiweyo ka isakhiwo kutshiswa ngokupheleleyo, eshiya amathambo kuphela ilitye wambu kocolothi. Abafa kunye Cathedral izityebi ingaphakathi yabhalwa iminikelo-bothando ebandleni.

Noko ke, umntu eRashiya isothuse? Imbali ezininzi iitempile yamandulo - luluhlu okuqhubekayo semililo kwaye ziphinde kamva. Ukuba abantu Orthodox Saratov, buhlungu, wenyukela philisi for dimes kunye UAH ukuba alungise loo ndawo yonqulo. Umsebenzi kaThixo - ngeke walelwe.

Evukile uthuthu

Waphila emva umlilo, Saratov Trinity Cathedral wakhangela ngcono kunangaphambili. imigangatho ephezulu nesezantsi Refectory ziye elide kwaye ezihambelanayo neengqameko. Kwinxalenye eliphezulu isakhiwo owakha gallery enophahla yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, nenqaba intsimbi. Ngaloo maxesha oko kuphela ebizwe ukubetha iintsimbi zabanquli, kodwa wakhonza siphila kuyo Jonga indlela i AmaTatar, kwada 1717, ukuba kufike ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngokuncamisileyo amadlelo.

Uhlenga-hlengiso isonto, elisuke laba ngenxa yomlilo Wasolula ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi. Inxulunyaniswa phantsi siganeko waya kwimbali Saratov. Ngowe-1722, ukuya kweli phulo basePersi, wayetyelela umlawuli abapasa Potr Veliky kunye nomfazi wakhe, uKumkanikazi uCatherine I. ezisagcinwe isixeko zokugcina irekhodi ngamnye ukumkani yakhwela phezu banikwe ema sisakhiwo yecawa, kwaye, zaziwa ukuba kulenga ukuchwela kunye noshishino lokwakha, waza wanikela ukhokelo onengqondo kakhulu.

Ngowe-1774, uYehova wathumela Saratov iimvavanyo ezintsha. NgoMeyi, zazilapho-ezakhiwe ngexesha umlilo ibhunga rhoqo kakhulu yonakele itempile ongentla isixeko zafumana kuhlasela ehlotyeni Pugachev, asondele kuye emantloko mkhosi amawaka aliqela. Inkoliso yabo abahlali ukuba baye basabela amahlathi kunye nabo basindiswe ekufeni xa ebuya, afumaneka kwisiza emakhayeni abo babesakuba uthuthu kuphela, yaye abo bahlala kuloo mzi, ethembele ukuthanda kukaThixo, omninzi ubomi obulula, amaxhoba 'ezingenangqondo "imvukelo nongenanceba itshayelwe phakathi kwezinye izixeko, kunye Saratov. Emnye Cathedral bavukeli, Noko ke, ayikuchukumisi.

Enkulu Russian "mhlawumbi"

Inqanaba elilandelayo kwimbali yecawa iquka ixesha ukusuka 1786 ukuya 1811 kwaye umzekeliso ekuqhelekileyo kakhulu ubomi Russian. Inyaniso kukuba phakathi kwiminyaka yoo-yee- kwi olungaphambili wabonakala waza waqalisa wandisa kancane neentanda - iziphumo ezicacileyo iimpazamo uyilo okanye ukwakhiwa umtshato. Ukususela kule imeko yecawa kwakukho ingozi (ukuba ngokuwa na umzuzu), ubhishophu olawulayo wathumela ke irhuluneli leyo ukuze ibattery ngokupheleleyo kwisakhiwo ngexesha likaxakeka kwaye endaweni yayo ukuze kwakhiwe ezintsha.

Kucacile ukuba kuphela ukudilizwa kwesakhiwo elikhulu ilitye kufuna imali eninzi, yaye kuphela nokwakhiwa ezintsha - ngakumbi njalo. Noko ke, nokubhala ubhishophu kaThixo yaba ezininzi iminqweno emihle, kodwa imali ayikho kwathiwa igama. Abahlali aloo mzi, ngokuzinikela kwabo bonke, imali efanayo ayikwazanga iqokelelwe.

Ngoko ke kwaye kwagqitywa, ukuba ukuthanda kukaThixo kodwa enkulu Russian "mhlawumbi", le yecawa wenza kuthi akusondela, qhubeka khonza, ngokungakumbi iminyaka emininzi, siye ndikuqhelile kuye. Yaye wathandaza Saratovites, warily zasikrwaqula yophahla, de-1795, lo gama ukususela igosa Astrakhan consistory bafika ebonisa olungqongqo uyitywine etempileni ngoko nangoko.

Cathedral ivaliwe wema kwada 1800, de erhafini baye bagqiba: ukususela nangoku mna andikhange ziwile, ngoko ke iNkosi iya kuqhubeka. Shicilela isusiwe, inkonzo iye liqale, kodwa esekwe kwikomiti etempileni, eliquka abemi Wawongwa umzi. Umsebenzi wakhe ukuhlola rhoqo iindonga uze unike uluvo olusesikweni - okanye hayi ukukhasa. iminyaka elinanye yamadoda elihloniphekileyo zaye ababeqondisa iingxelo, apho zizizathu kuphela zokuqhubekeka komsebenzi lengcwele inceba kaThixo.

Ekugqibeleni, ngo-1811, usomashishini zasekuhlaleni zehydrochloric abazizityebi MA Ustinov ngeendleko zakhe yenze iinzame ukomeleza isakhiwo. neendonga zaso isaziso iimbambo strong nkqo - enezixhaso, emehlweni abo efihliweyo wamisa gallery enophahla zinevaranda enemigangatho emibini. Iincwadi zakhe isigubungelo lakhe eliseluphahleni somthi indawo umntu ngentsimbi, yaye ngaphakathi amalungiselelo iconostasis entsha zizityebi. Ngaloo Wayigqiba xesha, eyathatha ncam ikota yenkulungwane, ngexesha apho Cathedral ivaliwe - ziya kuwohloka, emva koko wavula kwakhona - UThixo unenceba. kudlule eli xesha - kusoloko njalo!

Ithuba nempumelelo isonto

Ngowe-1826, esi sixeko sakhiwa, ndayingcwalisa le ndlu yecawa omtsha ngokuzinikela eSt Alexander Nevsky. Ukususela ngoko, waba iziko apho ubomi bakhe bokomoya Saratov. Emnye Cathedral yaba kumarhamente ibandla esiqhelekileyo, kodwa yenze iimina kule minyaka yembali yayo uthando Saratov, gqitha kwawo yaye, okona kubaluleke kakhulu, iminikelo. Ngoko ke, ngo-1836 yomrhwebi guild yokuqala F. Ya. Pulkinym ukuba zombini Refectory Church of the Izindlwana kongezelelwa, dismantle kwixesha eSoviet kwaye ayikho esekhona.

Ukuqala lwekhulu XX yabalasela amalungiselelo ukulungiselela umsebenzi omkhulu wokwakha ngokutsha itempile. ikomiti yabo iye yanqunyanyiswa kumisa, likhokelwa nosekela-irhuluneli Saratov - State uCeba VN-Azancheevym Azanchevsky kunye nesekela lakhe - Ngqonyela Archpriest Gennady (Mahrovskim). IKomiti kwenziwe isicwangciso sophuhliso ukwakhiwa kunye nokubuyiselwa yomsebenzi owenziwe ezithe zamthintela iziganeko ka-1917, itshayelwe Saratov.

iminyaka Iyonke yemvukelo

Trinity Cathedral wayesendleleni isikwere, nto leyo iye kweli xesha, iziko lobomi yezopolitiko kulo mzi. Yona wathabatha iintlanganiso revolution kwaye anti-zonqulo, endaweni kwizabelo imibutho eyahlukeneyo kunye neentshukumo, kubandakanywa njengoko enjalo edume "Phantsi nge shame!", Ibhengeza ubuze physical uhlobo kuphela kangangoko yokulingana.

Wasinda kwinkulungwane XVIII kuhlaselo lwemimandla Pugachev, kwakhona Saratov waziphosa neshologu-mthetho kunye nalwazelelelo. Baqala kwabanjwa mass abefundisi kunye namalungu kakhulu esebenzayo. NgoSeptemba 1919 ngaphandle kwentlawulo okanye akukulinga shot Umphathi Emnye Cathedral Archpriest Gennady (Mahrovsky) kunye nenani nabanye abefundisi, yaye kamva inyanga wasithabatha isithsaba sokufela Fumaka ubhishophu eDayosisi yase Saratov yaye abaninzi noogxa bakhe.

Sele banesifo yokuqala, phantse onke amabandla e Saratov wayeka umsebenzi wabo, abaninzi kubo yatshatyalaliswa. Ivaliwe kunye zintathu Ongcwele Cathedral. Isixeko Saratov waba imeko ibonwe yandile yayo nezobundlobongela kwephulo kubukho bukaThixo. Le lesikhumbuzo izakhiwo zecawa, uniko manani, ngelo xesha kwiinkulungwane ezingaphezu kwezintathu ngembali yaso, esetyenziswa okokuqala nje yokugcina, uze emva koko sizimisele ukuba zidilizwe xa umdla kumalungu oluntu elitsha yali.

Umzabalazo ukwenzela indlu

Kwaye umele ukuba kwabelwane okumiselwe nobutyobo ezilahlekileyo iitempile Russia ezininzi zikaThixo, kodwa kwakukho abantu abasoyika seevoti ezenziweyo kwityala lakhe. Akuzange kube nje ibandla, kodwa eyona ndawo nezazi ezidolophini. Iphulo engundoqo kwabonisa ukuba abasebenzi kunye nabasebenzi University of Saratov iimyuziyam mzi. Ukusuka icala zabo wayebonisa inkalipho kwamazwe yoluntu, kuba ngelo xesha, nayiphi na intshukumo ngokuchasene umgca Party, ebandakanya umzabalazo wenkululeko inkolo, ijongwa anti-karhulumente kwaye kungakhokelela ekubeni iziphumo ezinkulu kakhulu.

Kodwa umzabalazo wabo isithsaba ngempumelelo - Trinity Cathedral e Saratov wasinda, nakuba wahlala ukungenzi. Oku zaqhubeka kuze kube imeko engcwabeni kwiMfazwe Enkulu Patriotic ayikhange ukuba urhulumente ahlole sengqondo kwayo unqulo, ngokuba njengoko ungamandla ekwaziyo ekuxhaseni abantu ukuba amnike amandla afunekayo ukuba litshitshiswe utshaba. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba kule minyaka kwakhona emkhosini, iicawa ezininzi, ngaphambili ivaliwe yaye kusetyenziswa kwiimfuno zekhaya.

Ngo-Oktobha 1942, saqala ukusebenza kunye Emnye Cathedral (Saratov). Inkcazelo kuloo minyaka ukuba nako ukubahluthisa nasezintliziyweni zabo bonke ubuhlungu - hayi amakholwa kuphela, kodwa ezinxulumene nje sinexhala lokuba imbali yethu. Abonakalisi beprophathi, zingenaThixo, endihleli izandla ukuba sekuyiminyaka emininzi, waziqhekeza iconostasis, bashiya sacristy, batshabalalisa iincwadi zonqulo yaye icon.

Noko ke, amarhamente ezishushu umthandazo ukufudumala senkangala nengqele Emnye Cathedral (Saratov). Ishedyuli iinkonzo - intwana encinane sephepha, owayebonakele emnyango - waba ngumqondiso wokuqala kwentwasahlobo ngokomoya eziphila ixesha ngokuqinisekileyo ufikile. Ke yena wasondela. nezithunywa zayo ziye amawaka abantu abeza etempileni kwiminyaka yokuqala emva kwemfazwe, uninzi kubo amagqala izolo.

Ukubuyiselwa umhombiso embindini Cathedral esizigubungeleyo iminyaka emininzi. Isizathu yaba indlala enkulu yabantu. Abantu kusiwa etempileni kuphela ezo izixhobo elincinane kunzima ukuba sizakhele kuzo imali yentsapho yayincinane, kodwa imali azihlubayo yabanjwa amagosa karhulumente ukuze azondle zabo "Soviet Uxolo Fund".

inkqubela ebonakalayo kwenzeka kuphela amahlanu yangaphambili, xa edumileyo artist paleshanina PL Parilov ezibhaliweyo yecawa amane icons ukuba ziqukiwe iconostasis kwebandla eliphezulu nengasezantsi. Ngeli xesha, kuba ikwazile ukuqhuba imisebenzi emininzi kobuhle. Kude ekupheleni yee- Emnye Cathedral (Saratov), ifoto apho lucaciswa kule nqaku, wahlala omnye amabandla ezimbini ezikhoyo ezidolophini.

nineties utshintsho Good

Isiganeko esibalulekileyo kubomi oyiNgcwele Trinity Cathedral Yayilundwendwelo akhe akhangele koyiNgcwele uBhishophu Alexy II ngo-1993, waza wawanikela ukuba i inkonzo eNgcwele - okokuqala kwimbali chetyrohvekovuyu Saratov, ababekhonza kulo nezo yaseRussia Church Orthodox.

Kodwa ke, ukuphumeza ubungangamsha bayo ngoku, zonke iinkcukacha ephindaphindayo yangaphambili imbonakalo, lo gama uhambo olude oluya ukuba athathe Emnye Cathedral (Saratov). Ivula iiyure kunjalo kwaba kuphela. Kodwa ngokutsha uzisele ubomi ilizwe elitsha, okanye mandithi, endala, kodwa iimbono pre-olululo unqulo kunye nemiba zokholo. Ngenxa yale bonke uzigqibele ngokwabo oko kuthetha ntoni na kwindlela eya etempileni nendlela ukunqula iindawo ezingcwele uhlala elungele yona.

Inkululeko inkolo Uyekile ukwenza i kwisibhengezo engenanto. Kodwa perestroika wazisa ezininzi iingxaki, kuquka umbandela. Kulo lonke eli lizwe, abathembekileyo baye babuyela iqatshelwe kubo phambi iitempile, kwaye ukubuyiselwa zabo imali eninzi, ababengengabo kuhlahlo lwabiwo kwisixeko elifunekayo. Zange abe nabo, kunye Saratov. Emnye Cathedral, imbali lolwakhiwo ihombo leyo kuhlangene kunye ngeminikelo yokuzithandela amarhamente, kwa-ubuhlwempu.

Utshintsho Weza kokuqeshwa Saratov sithili zikabhishophu olawulayo omtsha - Bishop Longin (Korchagin), ngubani zilawulwa ngexesha elifutshane ukufumana kunye nezibonelelo eziphathekayo, yaye ukuthethana ne-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeNkcubeko koqulunqo umsebenzi wokulungisa, yaye ukufumana abantu abafanelekileyo. Kodwa indima engundoqo, njengesiqhelo, wayedlala amarhamente wancedisa ukulinganisa amandla nezakhono - enye imali engange, yaye ngubani owenza kunokwenzeka umsebenzi.

Namhlanje, phakathi iicawa ezininzi Russian wathatha indawo yayo efanelekileyo, kwaye zintathu Ongcwele Cathedral (Saratov). Ishedyuli Iinkonzo obuNgcwele, esixhonywe kwisango ibonisa ukuba inkonzo kulo kwenziwa ngokupheleleyo, ezinikwa Tshatha ibandla, njengoko kwakunjalo ngaphambili, kule minyaka pre-revolution. Kwakhona iingcango zalo, avulekela nabani na ufuna indlela eya kuThixo, yaye apho yonke imihla kuba ngakumbi nangakumbi.

Emnye Cathedral (Saratov): ishedyuli kweenkonzo, idilesi kunye nenombolo yomnxeba

Wonk 'ubani khona ibandla, uyazi ukuba kwesazinge Nkonzo Charter ibandla ngqo nalawulwa, njengako zobomi esiqhutywa mabandla ngamnye. Kwangokunjalo uceba imisebenzi yayo zonqulo Emnye Cathedral (Saratov). Hlela unqulo eqhubekayo kuyo, nangona ukuba uneempawu zawo, ngokubanzi, efana umsebenzi kwezinye yeetempile.

On evekini:

• Ezinkonzweni likaThixo 8:00.
• Vespers, Matins kunye polyeleos ngo 17:00.

Ngeeholide:

• I-liturgy zakuqala nge-7: 00.
• Late Liturgy ngo-9: 00.
• Ubusuku bonke busukule ngo-17: 00.

Iidolophu zaseVolga zenza umdla wabakhenkethi abafuna ukuvakalelwa kwimbali yaseRashiya. Kubo, ngokungathandabuzeki, uSaratov uya kuba nomdla. I-Cathedral yeZiqu zintathu, idilesi yayo: i-st. EMoscow, i-6 (iMyuziyam yoLuntu), iya kuba yindawo eqaqambileyo yokukhumbula. Yonke ingcaciso ngemisebenzi yeparadesi, imbali yayo kunye neziganeko zeeshedyuli zeenkonzo ngeli xesha okanye ezo holide zingatholakala kwiinkcukacha ezininzi ezizingcwalisa ubomi bakhe. Kwaye abo bangathanda ukufumana ulwazi olupheleleyo ngakumbi ngaphambi kokutyelela iSaratov (iTrinity Cathedral), umnxeba: +7 (845) 223 62 51. Shayela, uya kuvuya ukuphendula nokunika zonke iinkcazelo ezifunekayo.