Samurai Zempi: igama, inkcazelo, isikhundla. samurai ikrele

Japanese samurai weentonga ziphakathi iimpawu ezininzi selo kwimbali aphakathi ka-Japan. Baba owahluke ekunike ukuya kartel yaseYurophu. Inkangeleko ezizodwa kunye nobuchule bemveliso umdla ineenkcukacha kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi.

isikrweqe yamandulo

Samurai isikrweqe ayikwazanga ngaphandle ndawo kuvuka. Yaba siphu- ebalulekileyo pre-umfanekiso - Amatanki kusetyenziswa phambi kwinkulungwane VIII. Liguqulwe lithatyathwa kwigama Japanese elithetha "isikrweqe lifutshane." Isiseko Tank yaba sifuba intsimbi, lenziwe lazimela njengemicwana yentsimbi. Ngokwangaphandle, kukhangeleke ngathi yesikhumba corset kwakudala. Itanki ebibanjwe ngomhla emzimbeni Ijoni ngenxa licuthe iimpawu kwi inxalenye esinqeni.

Esi sikrweqe Liquka ezininzi oneembono zaphuhliswa kumaXesha Aphakathi ngokohlobo samurai isikrweqe zakudala. Ke kaloku, bekukho kuloo iitanki bakudala kunye nobubi. Ngoko iimpawu zoyilo ayengavunyelwa ukuba bayisebenzise ngokulwa imvelaphi inyuselwa khona, ukuba ahlale phezu kwehashe ngezambatho yaba udidekile kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, akukho leggings isikrweqe.

O-yoroi

Ukuziqambela, nto leyo eyahlukileyo isikrweqe samurai, ezenziwa yezizathu ezininzi. Eyona nto wayeyixhalabele eJapan, bodwa ezivela ngaphandle. Le impucuko uye savela ngokwaneleyo yaxobuka nkqu ngokunxulumene kubamelwane zayo - China kunye Korea. Loo inkalo inkcubeko Japanese lwabonakala iingalo nezikhali yesizwe.

isikrweqe medieval Classical yaseJapan kuthathwa kwi-yoroi. Eli gama eliguqulelwa ngokuthi 'isikrweqe enkulu. " awabaphatha lamellar bokwakha (oko kukuthi, uhlobo zeplastiki). Ngo-Japanese, ngathi isikrweqe ebizwa ngokubanzi Kozan-up. Zazenziwe amacwecwe interlaced. Le nkcazelo ukuqala esetyenziswayo na isikhumba enkulu sasisukwa okanye intsimbi.

Features lamellar weentonga

Iipleyiti zaba sisiseko phantse sonke isikrweqe Japanese ixesha elide kakhulu. Noko ke, loo nto ayithethi ezikhawulezileyo into yokuba imveliso yabo ezinye iimpawu zazo iyohluka, ngokuxhomekeke ngomhla kwikhalenda. Ngokomzekelo, ngexesha classical Gempei (ekupheleni XII kwenkulungwane) zisetyenziswa kuphela amacwecwe amakhulu. Baba quadrilaterals 6 ubude nobubanzi ka-3 cm.

ipleyiti nganye 13 imingxunya kwenziwa. Bona zimiswe ngokwemigca ezimbini ezithe nkqo. Inani ezinemingxuma ngalunye kwezi ezahlukeneyo (6 no 7 ngokulandelelana), ukwenzela ukuba ekupheleni eliphezulu unalo izidanga, imilo isici. Ezi imigodi imitya azinamsonto. Bona ezihlangene yi iipleyiti 20-30. Nge zazo elula wafumana imicwe bhetyebhetye tye. Bona zagutyungelwa lacquer ezikhethekileyo eziveliswa ukusuka incindi kwisityalo. isisombululo Iqhubekekisa wanika bands kunye bhetyebhetye olongezelelweyo eyahlula zonke ngoko samurai isikrweqe. Imitya, itshixa iipleyiti, ngokwakwantu anemibala, ukwenza isikrweqe wavuka imbonakalo ukuluqonda ezimibalabala.

cuirass

Kwindawo engundoqo ye umpathi yoroi yaba isigcina. nokuma kwawo lubonakala ngokuba ngokuphuma emangalisayo. Isisu samurai oxwesileyo ivaliwe kwemikrozo emine amacwecwe. Ezi bands zingqongwe phantse ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni, eshiya isikhewu encinane ngasemva. Uyilo iye elidityaniswe nge-metal nembasa. Waye wakhonkxwa esebenzisa izinto zokubopha.

Komhlana kunye esifubeni zagutyungelwa ngomnye iqhawe imivumbo emininzi kunye ipleyiti yentsimbi iimpawu cut setyhula. Kwaba yimfuneko ukuba ukujikeleza simahla entanyeni. ngabanye Isikhumba Amagxa iirholithi attachable. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo yanikwa iindawo isiqhoboshi. Baba kwezona ndawo asesichengeni ngezikrweqe, ngoko azigubungela amacwecwe ezongezelelweyo.

ukusebenzisa isikhumba

Nayiphi ipleyiti yesinyithi ligutyungelwe ulusu zamafu sitshaye. Kuba ngasinye ngezinxibo zayo iveliswayo eliqela, ukuba likhulu egubungela yonke phambi umntla zabanyathela ngezihlangu ekungxoleni kokulwa. Eli nyathelo kuyimfuneko ukuze kube lula ukudubula. Xa usebenzisa usinga isaphetha nyebelele isikrweqe. Isikhumba akavumi ukuba bachukumise kwipleyiti eveleleyo. Loo ingozi ukuba kuhlawula kakhulu phakathi edabini.

amaqhekeza yesikhumba esigquma iintonga samurai eso efafazwe usebenzisa istensile. Kakhulu wayedla abenza imibala eluhlaza nebomvu. Xa era Heyan (VIII-XII cc.) Ngaba bamele amanani zejiyometri (iidayimani) kunye imbali (iingonyama) imilo. Kwakhona ezivame ngemizobo zeentyantyambo. Ngexesha kwexesha Kamakura (XII-XIV iinkulungwane.) Yaye Nambokute (XIV c.) Alwa kuvela imifanekiso zamaBhuda kunye nemizobo seempungutye. Ukongeza, iimilo zejiyometri shwaka.

Omnye umzekelo indlela zezinga samurai isikrweqe ayanceda plate webele. Xa ixesha Heyan okusekupheleni lwabo eliphezulu eziphambili Ndizuze imilo egosogoso. ipleyiti nganye metal ezihonjiswe amacwecwe obhedu ngegolide engathi ngumfanekiswana kwi iimilo ezahlukeneyo (umz, ukuma ifildi nga zizakuboniswa).

Amagxa kunye zeembande

Igama "Big Shell" wabelwa samurai izikhali on-yoroi Bulelani iimpawu ngokubanzi zamagxa kunye gaiters. Banika ngengubo yokuqala, engenanto imbonakalo efanayo. Leggings ezenziwe zonke imiqolo efanayo tyaba amacwecwe (iziqwenga ezintlanu nganye). Ezi zinto isikrweqe enxulumene ebhatyini usebenzisa amaqhosha yesikhumba camera iipateni. Zeembande ezingalindelekanga kakuhle bakhusela samurai inyonga ehleli iinqwelo wehashe. Ngaphambili nangesemva efanayo hlukile ukuhamba omkhulu, ukususela, kungenjalo, ukuba aphazamisane ukuhamba.

Le nxalenye ephawuleka kwaye exotic isikrweqe Japanese waba Amagxa. Analogs wayengekho kubo naphi, kuquka eYurophu. Ababhali-mbali bakholelwa ukuba Amagxa yavela nje loyamano iibhodi, eziqhelekileyo Yamato State Army (III-VII iinkulungwane.). Abazange babe ezininzi esifana ngazo. Kolu ngcelele, ungenza anikezele ububanzi emandla kunye Amagxa imilo flat. Baba phezulu ngokwaneleyo yaye benzakalise umntu esebenzayo wendiza iingalo zakhe. Ngaphandle Kwiimeko ezinjalo Amagxa elingqukuviweyo beskrini wenza. Ngenxa izisombululo yasekuqaleni, la macandelo isikrweqe ngokwaneleyo mobile nangona ngumsina yakhe zobuxoki.

Kabuto

iminqwazi kabuto Japanese babebizwa. iimpawu zayo luphawu le rivet ezinkulu polusfeericheskaya uhlobo ikepusi. Samurai isikrweqe ukhusela kuphela umniniyo, nabo waba ixabiso zokuhombisa. Nezigcina-ntloko ngale ndlela, kungekho ngaphandle. Kumphezulu wayo ngasemva kukho isangqa sobhedu, lowo emsebenzini isaphetha isilika. Ngokuba kakhulu ixesha elide, ngale sele ukukhonza uphawu kwi edabini. Kwinkulungwane XVI ibhanile encamathele umva.

Ngekhonkco nengubo yokwaleka nako kuqhagamshelaniswa nge-ntloko. Xa uqhuba ukudla ihashe, le ekapa billowing ngathi iseyile. Siyenze le nto ngabom ngelaphu imibala eqaqambileyo. Ukuze ukubamba ukholosile isigcina phezu kwentloko yakhe, i yaseJapan kusetyenziswa Okubamba ezizodwa.

Clothing phantsi iintonga

Phantsi isikrweqe amajoni ukunxiba yemveli costume hitatare. Le isinxibo uhamba yayiquka iinxalenye ezimbini - iibhulukhwe ububanzi kunye nebhatyi elide-enemikhono. Asizange abangenazimpahla zokubopha, lihambisana up ngentambo. Imilenze ezantsi kawusi kwedolo zivaliwe. Zazenziwe ziziqwenga uxande somchako onombala kumphezulu angasemva. Impahla ahombise mfuneko imifanekiso zeentaka, iintyatyambo kunye nezinambuzane.

Emacaleni fanela waba ukusikwa olubanzi kuyimfuneko intshukumo free. Kwanala baba impahla kimono ibhatyi kunye ezinyaweni. Njengoko kwimeko zentsimbi, le nxalenye-ngubo wabonisa isimo ekuhlaleni. Iinkosi izityebi kimono neyesilika, ngoxa amajoni ngaphantsi amanene ngayo kimono eyenziwe yomqhaphu ilaphu.

ehamba isikrweqe

Ukuba o-yoroi ukuba ngokuyintloko ukulwa samahashe, ngoko olunye uhlobo zentsimbi, phezulu-noMaru, lalisetyenziswa elihamba. Ngokungafaniyo analog ngakumbi ukuba zinganxitywa yedwa ngaphandle kwesidingo uncedo. Ekuqaleni ukuya-Maru iye yavela njengoko sikrweqe esetyenziswa yi abakhonzi benkosi. Xa umkhosi waseJapan babehamba samurai, baye bamkela olu hlobo yeduli.

Phambi Maru wema ngaphantsi kwe macwecwe ezinzima yokwaluka. ubukhulu Esindilisekileyo baba kwamagxa akhe. buttoned kwakhe kwicala lasekunene, ngaphandle kokufuna amacwecwe ezongezelelweyo (ngaphambili eqhelekileyo kakhulu). Ekubeni isikrweqe kusetyenziswa elihamba, yinxalenye ebalulekileyo waba njengomtyibilizi isondo obutofotofo.

iindlela ezintsha

Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XV kwimbali Japan waqalisa ixesha elitsha - kwixesha Sengoku. Ngeli xesha, ngaphezulu kunakuqala, ukuba ngokupheleleyo ukutshintsha indlela lobomi samurai. Innovations ayikwazanga kodwa iyayichaphazela yaye isikrweqe. Okokuqala kukho ukhetho lakhe lenguqu - Mogami-up. Lufaka iimpawu eziziimpawu endala-noMaru, kodwa yahlukile kubo ngqongqo kakhulu.

inkqubela engakumbi kwimicimbi yasemkhosini kuye kwakhokelela ekubeni eli xesha Sengoku samurai isikrweqe kwakhona waphakamisa ibha umgangatho kunye nokuthembeka iintonga zakho. Emva kokuvela uhlobo olutsha lwe Maru-up ukuya Maru yangaphambili bayeka ngokukhawuleza ithandwa kwaye wafumana ingabonisa yabeka izinto ezingenamsebenzi.

Maru-up

Ngowe-1542, i yaseJapan ezazifakiwe nemipu. Kungekudala waqalisa imveliso mass. Le isixhobo entsha lubonise ukusebenza kwayo ubaluleke kakhulu ukuba imbali yokulwa Japan ngayo Nagashino ngo-1575. Arquebus ipali izihlwele razili samurai enxibe isikrweqe lamellar ezenziwe amacwecwe amancinane. Kungelo xesha ukuba kukho imfuneko isikrweqe ngokwesiseko esitsha.

Kungekudala Maru-up apho ngokutsho yokuhlela yaseYurophu ebeyinalo isikrweqe laminar. Ngokungafaniyo okhuphisana lamellar ukuba yenziwa bands enkulu eqinileyo emnqamlezweni. isikrweqe New landa nje kuphela kwinqanaba kukuthembeka, kodwa ukulondoloza lidabi ebalulekileyo yokuhamba.

Ihlebo impumelelo Maru-up yaba kukuba iinkosi Japanese likwazile ukuphumeza ubunzima isiphumo lonikezelo isikrweqe. Ngoku oluphumayo emagxeni akhe. inxalenye weight wawa phezu ethangeni, ekuvumela ukuba uzive kwi isikrweqe laminar kamnandi ngokungaqhelekanga. Siye buye baphuculwa sifuba, isigcina negxalaba pads. Inxalenye nakumphezulu esifubeni wafumana ukukhuselwa ngcono. Ngaphandle-Maru ukuxelisa Lamellar Zempi, into ejongwa efana ezenziwe amacwecwe.

Bracers kunye zeembande

Isikrweqe ephambili kamva, yaye kumaXesha Aphakathi okuqala esongezelelwe iinkcukacha ezincinane. Kwindawo yokuqala ukuba bracers, ivale isandla egxalabeni samurai kwi siseko ngeminwe. Baye zazenziwe ilaphu shinyi, leyo athungwe epleyitini metal emnyama. Xa egxalabeni nengalo, baba imilo lume kunye ezihlahleni zabo zenziwe ajikelezayo.

Loo nto inika umdla into yokuba ngexesha ukusetyenziswa bracers weentonga yoroi zirhazukile kuphela ngasekhohlo, lo gama ilungelo sihlale sikhululekile ukutola lula ngakumbi. Nokufika nemipu imfuneko unyamalele. Bracers zivale eyayifakwe kwi ngaphakathi.

Leggings kuhlawulelwa kuphela inxalenye phambi bembande. umlenze diff ngexesha elifanayo kwavuleka. Imilenze kwakuba metal ipleyiti imilo egosogoso. Ngokunjalo nezinye intwana izixhobo, ukuba ihonjiswe ngeepateni. Ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa ipeyinti nengubo, ngayo babesondela imivumbo nkqo okanye chrysanthemums. zeembande Japanese ubude ezahlukeneyo. Bafikelela kuphela ungqameko olungezantsi kwamadolo. Xa unyawo kwezahlulo sikrweqe ebanjwe neeribhoni ezimbini ububanzi ibotshelelwe.

samurai ikrele

Bladed weapon of Japanese amajoni iye yaguquka ngokunxuseneyo kunye isikrweqe. uphila yokuqala yaba tachi. Yena waso ibhanti. Kuba amasela ukhuseleko enkulu bujikelwe ngeqhiya okhethekileyo. Ubude baso ikhaba 75 cm. Le ikrele samurai eyahlukileyo imilo egosogoso.

Ekuhambeni kwe nasekusungulweni chu amasela kwinkulungwane XV kwakukho katana. It eyasetyenziswa de kwinkulungwane XIX. A ephawulekayo katana yaba lukhuni umgca isici wabonakala ngenxa yokusetyenziswa ubuchule ezizodwa nokwakhiwa Japanese. Kuba processing yi Watsho sangena nesiphatho lwekrele kusetyenziswa ulusu stingray. On top of isilika iribhoni yakhe entwined. Imilo lekrele katana kufana ngesiphatho yaseYurophu, kodwa eyahlukileyo ngqo elide, elula ukuba ukubambelela wamnikela-mbini. Isiphelo usiko ikhaba ivumela ukuba isicelo ukusika nje kuphela, kodwa injongo. Ezandleni iyakwazi ikrele samurai yaba isixhobo ukuloyisa.