S. A. Lebedev, i-biography emfutshane yeempumelelo zesayensi kunye nokunyamezela komntu

Ngethuba lobuninzi bezobunzululwazi baseburhulumenteni baseSoviet, kwakungenayo inzululwazi enjalo kuyo nayiphi na indawo eyona nto ingqiqo eyenziwa. Nangona amalungelo obuchwephesha bekhompyutheni obuphambili alawulwa ngamalungelo aseMerika kunye namaJapan, nangona kunjalo, ekuqaleni kweengcinga zobungcali, kwakukho izazinzulu zaseSoviet ezenza izinto ezifihlakeleyo ngokufihlakeleyo. Omnye wabososayensi, abanobuchule obuyingqayizivele kunye nobuchule bokudala obungabonakaliyo, nguLebbedev Sergey Alekseevich, obonakala ngokucacileyo, kubonakala ngokucacileyo ukuba usikhokele kwiCandelo loBunjineli boMbane ekwakhiweni kwekhompyutha yokuqala.

Ukuqala

Uvulindlela wexesha lekhompyutheni yasekhaya, i-SA Lebedev, i- biography emfutshane yaloo ichazwe kweli nqaku, ngokuqinisekileyo ayengenalwazi, kwimvelaphi yinto efunyenwe ngayo. Ixesha elizayo lezemfundo lazalelwa eNizhny Novgorod ngoNovemba 2, 1902 kwintsapho yabalingcali, ootitshala. Ukongeza, uyise wayengumbhali, kwaye unina wayevela kwintsapho ehloniphekileyo. Kufanelekile ukwongezelela ukuba udade wakhe, owathi wayithatha igama lomama, u-Anastasia Mavrin, wayengumculi odumileyo.

Xa i-future academician yajika iminyaka eyi-18 ubudala, intsapho yafudukela kwikomkhulu laseRashiya. Ngomnyaka kamva wabhalisa kwiSikolo soBugcisa seMoscow saseMoscow egama linguBauman kwiSebe lobunjineli boMbane, apho wafunda khona iminyaka eyisixhenxe waza wafumana idiploma yomninimandla kagesi. Ngomsebenzi wakhe wokugqibela, uS. A. Lebedev, ochazwe ngokucacileyo ngokubhaliweyo enika imibutho kunye neengcali zezinye izazinzulu zeSoviet ngexesha, wafunda iingxaki zeenkqubo zamandla ezidalwa ngaloo minyaka, ngokubhekiselele kuphuhliso lweKhomishoni kaRhulumente yokuFakanywa kweeRussia.

Umsebenzi oqhubekayo

Emva kokugqweswa, waqhubeka esebenza kwintsimi yombane. Kwaphela iminyaka emibini wayesebenza kwi-All-Union Electrotechnical Institute. Emva kokuba ubuchule bokubunjineli bombane weziko lobugcisa, aphefumula kuyo, belwa kwiziko lemfundo elithile-iMetro Power Engineering Institute - waya khona ukufundisa. Uphando lwakhe kunye neziphumo zabo zasetyenziswe kamva emsebenzini wezityalo zombuso waseSoviet kunye nemigca yamandla.

Emva kweminyaka emithandathu yokufundisa, uS. A. Lebedev, ochazwe ngegama elifutshane, ngelanga, akakwazi ukubonisa yonke indlela yokuphanda eyahamba ngayo, wathola isikhundla senjingalwazi. Ngomnyaka we-1939 waba ngu-academician, ekhusela ukukhutshwa kwakhe kogqirha. Umxholo wophando lwakhe ngeli xesha kwakuyiyo ngcamango yokuzinza kwamandla enkqubo.

Imfazwe kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwenzululwazi

Ulwazi lwakhe oluxabisekileyo kwintsimi yombane namandla, ngokuqinisekileyo, uLebedev, njenganoma yintoni na oososayensi waseSoviet, ngexesha lemfazwe neJitler eJitler waya ekuncedeni imboni yamajoni aseSoviet. Ngokwenene, wayebandakanyeke ekuphuhliseni iintlobo ezintsha zezixhobo okanye ukuphuculwa kwezixhobo. Ngoko, unayo iprojekthi ye-homing torpedoes. Ukongezelela, inkqubo yokuzinzisa izibhamu kwiitanki ngexesha lokujolisa kwakhona waphuma phantsi kwepeni lakhe. Ngenxa yemisebenzi yakhe wenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwiibhaso ezimbini-uMyalelo weBlack Banner Labor and medal "Ngomsebenzi onobuchule kwiMfazwe ePhambili ye-Patriotic ye-1941-45."

Emva kwemfazwe, utshintsho olunzulu luya kwenzeka ebomini kwiprofesa-isazi senzululwazi, i-SA Lebedev, iya kubonakala. I-biography emfutshane-ikhomputha, ngokuchanekileyo, iprototype yayo, iya kuba yinjongo yayo ephambili - ijika ngokukhawuleza, emva koko inzululwazi ayiyi kulinda kuphela i-laurels.

Ukufudukela eKiev

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba kwakuyindawo yokuqala yomsebenzi weprofesa eyayikhokelela ekufumaneni kwixesha elizayo. Amandla (kunye nayo yonke into enxulumene nalo) ifuna inani elikhulu lokubala. Ngexesha elithile, isayense yadideka yi-automation yeenkqubo zekhompyutha. Emva kwemfazwe, ngo-1946, wathuthela eKiev. Kulapha okuza kuvela intsha entsha. USergei Alekseevich uya kuqhuba i-Energy Institute phantsi kwe-Academy of Sciences yase-Ukrainian SSR. Ngelo xesha, uya kudibanisa nenani lamalungu asebenzayo e-Academy of Sciences. Ngomnyaka kamva, isiko sasilungiswa kwakhona, kwaye uS. A. Lebedev, ochazwe ngokucacileyo ngolu hlobo, uya kuqhutywa yi-Institute of Engineering Engineering.

Ngokwababhali bezobugcisa zenzululwazi, kwiminyaka emibini yomsebenzi e-Kiev wachaza uphando lwakhe kummandla wamandla, ukubhala ngokubhaliweyo kunye noVev Zekernik umsebenzi kwidivaysi yezixhobo zogesi. Kulo, usosayensi wanikezwa umvuzo weRhafu we-USSR. Emva koko kwiminyaka emithathu ezayo wazinikela ngekhompyutha ye-digital. Uphando lwakhe, uphuhliso kunye neziphumo kuye kwaba yinto ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni ngakumbi kule ndawo.

Iyokuqala kwilizwekazi laseYurophu

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukusuka kwimihla yokuqala yomsebenzi kwisayithi elitsha, i-Academician Lebedev iququzelele ibhubhoratri yokubonisa imodeli kunye nekhompyutheni yekhompyutha, apho baqala ukuhlakulela imodeli yomatshini wokubala oomncinci (i-MESM). Umsebenzi wenziwa iminyaka engaphezu kwembini. Kwaye ngoNovemba 1950 ukuqaliswa kokuqala kwenziwa. I-SECM yayiyi-prototype yekhompyutheni eyenziwe kamva, kwaye yayingowokuqala kwilizwekazi laseYurophu. Wadala i-SA Lebedev. I-biography emfutshane - ikhompyutheni eye yaba yinto ebalulekileyo kunye neyona nto ibalulekileyo yenziwe ngumfundi-kufuneka ukuba uthethe ngomzuzwana ubuqaqawuli obuwa. Nangona kunjalo, inyaniso yayihluke ngokupheleleyo.

Oku kuyamangalisa, kodwa i-academician yaqala ukuthetha ngokuthe ngqo emva kokufa kwakhe. Ngexesha lobomi besayensi, akukho mntu wabhala into ngaye. Kwaye isizathu sizathu ezimbini. Ekubeni naluphi na inkqubela phambili eqala ngoshishino lwemikhosi, kwaye ukudala iikhomputha kwathintela ukuphuhliswa kwokhuselo lokulwa nomkhosi, igama loososayensi omkhulu lucacisiwe ngokucacileyo. Kodwa, ngaphezu koko, u-Lebedev ofundisayo ngokwakhe wayenesidima esingaqhelekanga kwaye wayengathandanga ukuthetha kunye neentatheli.

Imbeko

Ngonyaka weemvavanyo zokuqala, iMESM Academician Lebedev iyakhunjulwa eMoscow ukuba isebenze kwi-Institute of Precision Mechanics kunye neComputer Engineering ngaphansi kwe-USSR Academy yeSayensi. Ngaphantsi kobunkokheli bakhe, umatshini wokubala we-electron-speed (BESM) wenzelwe. Kamva, kwiminyaka emibini kamva, uya kuhola isikhungo, esagcina samufumana igama lakhe.

I-Biography ye-SA Lebedev igcwale uvuyo lwezinto ezenzululwazi ezifunyenweyo, ubuchule obupheleleyo kunye nomsebenzi onzima. Ngaba ihlazo lokuthi ngexesha lolawulo lwaso, izidilesi ezilishumi elinesihlanu zeekhomputha zenziwe, ziqala ngebhubhu yokuqala kwaye ziphela ngeekhompyutha eziphezulu ezisebenza kwiisekethe ezidibeneyo. Nangona kukho ukugula okukhulu okwamnyanzelisa ukuba ashiye isikhundla somlawuli ukususela ngo-1973, waqhubeka esebenza ekhaya. Ukugqibela kokuphuhliswa kwayo kwakha isiseko se-superbruter uElbrus. Usosayensi wafa eneminyaka engama-72.