Picric acid: izinto Inkcazelo IConcise

Picric Acid - yinto elukhuni imichiza into leyo yemvelaphi nitro of phenol. Hi ndlela leyi, le ezimbaxa iyaziwa kwinzululwazi njengoko "TRINITROPHENOL". Ukusetyenziswa ngokwayo kunye neetyuwa yayo asetyenziswa iziqhushumbisi.

Picric acid: ifomula kunye neempawu zomzimba

Trinitrophenol ifomyula ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

C6H2 (NO2) 3OH

Ngendlela ecocekileyo, picric acid na into eqinileyo, equka ziikristale ipleyiti-like. ziikristale basenokuba nokuba ezingenambala okanye abe ithinti kancinane elityheli. Ingongoma ukunyibilika le ndaba + 122.5 degrees Celsius.

Trinitrophenol ukungcamla kukrakra kakhulu, nothuli yayo Iyandikruqula lgama ngeempumlo. Imihla iyoluka inhalation kwezinto ezinobungozi ukuya womuntu, ekubeni kukhokelela ityhefu, nomonakalo wezintso kwaye imbonakalo izifo zolusu. Substances neenkcukacha ongathandekiyo kwiinwebu. Umzekelo, iliso conjunctiva emva uyibethe picric acid uthuli liba mthubi.

Picric acid: iikhemikhali equlunqwe ngayo kunye neempawu eziphambili

TRINITROPHENOL ayikaqondwa enyibilikayo emanzini, nangona ubushushu kwandisa ukunyuka ukunyibilika parameters. Noko ke, isinyibilikisi kokufanelekileyo ukuba ondoqo benzene kunye methanol, chloroform kunye acetone.

Picric acid inawo amandla zokubumba ekuthiwa-imixube eutectic. Into yokuba eyona yokunyibilika yenza ezinye iingxaki zobuchwepheshe kunye nezixhobo emthethweni. Kwaye xa kuyilwa umxube trinitrokrezolom nitronaphthalene okanye nani samiliselwa ngokungaphelelanga lincitshiswe.

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba TRINITROPHENOL - a kunokuba eyomeleleyo acid, nto leyo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokubonakalayo kungena ngayo exchange. Ukusebenzisana yetyuwa metal kwakhiwa - abizwa picrates. Le iityuwa zisetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo welothe, isodiyam, intsimbi kunye calcium. Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, iityuwa acid picric ecingela kakhulu, nto leyo efuna inkathalelo engaphezulu ekuvelisweni emthethweni.

Picric acid kunye kuqhume

Kwimbali yaba TRINITROPHENOL lokuqala olusebenzayo Uyadubula. iipropati zivutha acid kunye neetyuwa yayo kufutshane ekupheleni kwenkulungwane elinesibhozo, kodwa isetyenziswe ngokubanzi ngexesha lemfazwe kwaqala kuphela 30 lwekhulu XIX.

trinitrophenol Ukusebenzisa wamnika umfutho omtsha kuphuhliso kobuchwepheshe emkhosini. Inyaniso yokuba picrates kunye picric acid kukodwa iipropati kakhulu enkulu yokothuka-entshabalalo ngaphezu umgubo eyayisetyenziswa ngaloo mihla.

Kwincopho ethandwayo wabo wafika iziqhushumbisi ezinjalo ngexesha Second World War. Xa namhlanje, lo bugcisa phantse asisetyenziswa konke.

Indlela ukufumana TRINITROPHENOL?

Picric acid zifumaneka ngexesha nitration ngqo phenol reaction nokuqwalaselwa eziphakamileyo nitric acid. Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba ndicinga malunga nalapho kuthenga nitric acid, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba inkqubo yokuvelisa okanye picrates pikrina yingozi kakhulu. Imbali uyazi izehlo ezininzi ezinxulumene ezibuhlungu.

Ukusebenzisa picric acid

Enyanisweni TRINITROPHENOL kusetyenziselwa kuphela ukwenza iziqhushumbisi. Le uxhulumaniso isagquba kwamanye amacandelo oshishino. Umzekelo, pikrin i eliphakathi ekwenziweni iidayi ezithile.

Iziyobisi kuye kwaqatshelwa kwezamayeza, nto leyo maxa wambi isetyenziswa kubola.

Ekuvelisweni zesinyithi picric acid isetyenziswa njengento etchant. Kushishino chemical usetyenziswa njengesixhobo ngexesha basabela polymerization. Ukusuka kuyo ulungisiwe zombala ngenxa luyawudyobha histology okanye isampuli ukuze ukuphawula izilwanyana elebhu.