Igaya acid. Chemical kunye neempawu zomzimba

Oxide acid - a monobasic asidi, leyo khona kuphela izisombululo yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano zolwelo kunye blue ngohlobo esisi. Oku kuthiwa ityuwa nayitrayithi okanye nayitrayithi. Bona ziyityhefu kwaye uzinzile ngaphezu asidi ngokwayo. Khemikhali formula lo myalezo ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: HNO2.

Iipropati Physical:
1. ubunzima izinyo-47 g / Mol.
2. Ubunzima isalamane ezinto ngu 27 amu
3. konga 1.6.
4. Ingongoma yokunyibilika yi degrees 42.
5. Le abilayo ngu degrees 158.

Iimpawu lwemichiza oxide acid

1. Ukuba isisombululo kunye oxide acid itshiswe, yokusabela imichiza kuya kwenzeka okulandelayo:
3HNO2 (oxide acid) = HNO3 (nitric acid) + 2NO (nitric oxide yona ikhutshwa gas) + H2O (amanzi)

2. Le Isisombululo zolwelo dissociates kwaye ngokulula abafudukayo ukusuka neetyuwa ze asidi angentla kunayo:
H2SO4 (sulphuric acid) + 2NaNO2 (sodium nayitrayithi) = Na2SO4 (sodium sulphate) + 2HNO2 (igaya acid)

3. Le mba sinokuba zombini i oxidizing kunye neepropati nokuncitshiswa. Xa badibana nezinto arhente eyomeleleyo oxidizing (umzekelo, chlorine, iperoksayidi yehidrojeni H2O2, potassium permanganate) ukuba oxidized kwi-nitric acid (kwezinye iimeko ukuyilwa iityuwa acid nitric):

Ukunciphisa Iipropati:

HNO2 (oxide acid) + H2O2 (iperoksayidi yehidrojeni) = HNO3 (nitric acid) + H2O (amanzi)
HNO2 + Cl2 (ichlorine) + H2O (amanzi) = HNO3 (nitric acid) + 2HCl (zehydrochloric acid)
5HNO2 (oxide acid) + 2HMnO4 = 2Mn (NO3) 2 (manganese nitrate, nitric ityuwa acid) + HNO3 (nitric acid) + 3H2O (amanzi)

Iipropati Oxidizing:

2HNO2 (oxide acid) + 2HI = 2NO (oksijini oxide, igesi) + I2 (iodine) + 2H2O (amanzi)

Ukulungiswa nayitrayithi

Le into ingafumaneka ngeendlela ezininzi:

1. nitric oxide Xa zichithakala (III) ngamanzi:

N2O3 (nitrogen oxide) + H2O (amanzi) = 2HNO3 (igaya acid)

2. nitric oxide Xa zichithakala (IV) ngamanzi:
2NO3 (nitrogen oxide) + H2O (amanzi) = HNO3 (nitric acid) + HNO2 (igaya acid)

Sebenzisa of oxide acid:
- diazotizing amine zamabanga elimnandi;
- imveliso iityuwa diazonium;
- kule Yindibanisela iikhompawundi eziphilayo (umz; ngokuba kwimveliso organic nedayi).

Ukwazi oxide acid umzimba

Le into yityhefu, ibe nafuthe eliqaqambileyo mutagenic, njengokuba Luyimfuneko ke arhente deaminated.

Yintoni nitrites

Nayitrayithi - are iityuwa ezahlukeneyo oxide acid. K ukuba amazinga ngaphantsi esitalini ngaphezu ngezithako. Kufuneka ekwenziweni ezithile nedayi. Ngawo amayeza.

Ebaluleke ngokukodwa ufumene abantu sodium nayitrayithi. Le into unalo NaNO2 ifomula. Oku kusetyenziswa ukubola kwishishini yokutya ekwenziweni kweemveliso ukusuka intlanzi kunye nenyama. It is a ngumgubo qwa okanye elityheli kancinane. Isodiyam nayitrayithi hygroscopic (ngaphandle sodium nayitrayithi okuhlamba) kwaye ngoku zichithakala kakuhle H2O (amanzi). Emoyeni uyakwazi ngokuthe oxidize sodium nitrate, uye iipropati nokunciphisa ngamandla.

Isodiyam nayitrayithi isetyenziswa:
- imichiza yokuqaphela: ukufumana khompawundi diazo ngomdla ukucima kwemfuneko sodium azide ukuvelisa ioksijini, nitrogen oxide, isodiyam kunye isodiyam kuba ukufunxeka carbon dioxide;
- Imveliso yokutya (additive ukutya E250) njengento antioxidant kwaye arhente antibacterial;
- Construction: njengoko nokubanda additive kwizakhiwo eziphathekayo ekwenziweni iimveliso zokwakha, xa Yindibanisela iikhompawundi kwiziphili esesibhakabhakeni umhlwa inhibitor, ekwenziweni rubbers, poppers, ongeziweyo isisombululo iziqhushumbisi; xa wentsimbi iphathwa ukususa umaleko nenkcenkce nangenxa phosphating;
- imifanekiso: njengento antioxidant kunye reagent;
- eziphilayo namayeza: a vasodilator, antispasmodic, isisu, bronchodilator; njengoko alikaziwa yingozi isilwanyana okanye siyanadzi zabantu.

Ngoku naye wasebenzisa ezinye neetyuwa ze oxide acid (umz, potassium nayitrayithi).