Izixhobo Physical okufundela zesikolo

Xa iiklasi nokwakheka naliphi na iziko lemfundo iya kuhlala izixhobo, xabiso lazo elo ke singathanda ukwazi, ukuze baqonde ukuba zisebenza njani kwaye yintoni na. ixesha isifundo esiza ukuze ziqhakrazise loo izixhobo ezibonakalayo - yomlinganiselo omyinge ukusebenzisa kwabo baya kwenza izifundo ezinomdla kakhulu. Kwaye ke abafundi bakwazi ngcono ukufunda.

Yintoni okubizwa izixhobo eziphathekayo

Zeziphi izixhobo ezibonakalayo ezisingqongileyo? Enyanisweni, isixhobo okhethekileyo ekuvumela ukuba ukuqokelela, ukuhlalutya, ukubala ize isebenze ulwazi alufumene iziganeko ezithile kunye neziphumo. Ukongeza, bavumela ukuba ukuqhubekekisa iziphumo ukwenzela ukuba afumane naziphi na izibonelelo iinkcukacha esebenza kwixesha elizayo.

izixhobo Physical zingasetyenziswa njengendlela kwempembelelo ngqo kwi naziphi na izinto okanye ukutshintsha ikhondo awalithabathayo ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezithile. Kungenzeka kwakhona ukuba udlulise ulwazi kumgama nangaphezulu. Yiloo nto ke umlamleli phakathi ngezenzeko zendalo kunye umntu ngqo le sixhobo.

izixhobo ezininzi emzimbeni ziye zasungulwa ngenkulungwane yokugqibela, kodwa esisetyenziswa ngokubanzi unanamhla. Babekwazi bangenele utshintsho, nto leyo ebangela inkqubela yabantu, kodwa umgaqo yokusebenza yabo iyafana kwiimeko ezininzi,-kusekwa kakuhle. Iintlobo zokuguqulwa nga ukwandisa izakhono obuchule yokulinganisa.

ukufunda School of physics

Ngokutsho uphuhliso lwekharityhulam kunye neemfuno ukwanda ulwazi lwezibonelelo zezikolo kunye neemfuno zabafundi 'ekhulayo ngokuxhobisa ii-ofisi kunye nezixhobo ezizodwa eziza kuvumela inkqubo yokufunda kwenziwa kwinqanaba eliphezulu kwaye ziya kuba nako umdla kubafundi.

Ukuxhobisa i-ofisi ebonakalayo zicwadi kunzima kakhulu ngeli xesha lakalokunje, njengoko izixhobo iyabiza, yaye kwakufuneka ukufumana ezinye izixhobo okanye izixhobo umlinganiselo kunzima.

Ngokungqinelana neemfuno zemfundo ezifunekayo uluhlu elikhulu kakhulu lwezixhobo. Ubukho izixhobo ekufundeni physics uya uzenza isifundo omnye wale misebenzi ozithandayo esikolweni kuquka lonke lwaseNtshona Koloni ziba kwizifundo zesayensi, eyenza kube lula ukufumana nemincili malunga kwinkqubo yokufunda.

Types of izixhobo eziphathekayo

izixhobo Physical ke uluhlu omkhulu - khetha nasiphi na umntu ngokweemfuno zakho. izixhobo Physical abasingqongileyo - asetyenziswe ngayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Nokuba zonke iiyure yesiqhelo umzekelo omkhulu oku. Bathi ukuba sikwazi ukubona ixesha kunye ukuze ukucwangcisela kuselelwe leeyure zabo njenge resource.

Ukwenza umlinganiselo wobungakanani okanye amaxabiso, kufuneka uthathe nje izixhobo ekunene kwaye ukwazi awohluke zokusebenza kunye naye. Kuyimfuneko ukulinganisa kul? Yithabathe ammeter, yaye uya ukumelana nalo msebenzi. Kwimeko apho imfuneko ukulinganisa mandla kwanele ukuba iseli umthwalo kwaye simazi-siseko ukusebenza kwawo. Ingaba ufuna ukulinganisa iqondo lobushushu? Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ube ubushushu okanye ithemometha, kwaye ingxaki iyatyhilwa. Iintlobo ngeentlobo izixhobo eziphathekayo inkulu kakhulu kwaye ukuhlangabezana neemfuno naluphi na uhlobo.

Iimpawu ze igama isixhobo

izixhobo Physical, amagama apho, njengokuba umthetho, kunxibelelana injongo yabo functional, akukho nzima ukuqonda. Le ammeter efanayo ebizwa njalo ngenxa yokuba kugqiba amandla ezikhoyo amperes - kwiiyunithi zemfundo eneemfuno ezizodwa womlinganiselo. Amanyathelo voltmeter le ombane kule volts, amanyathelo iseli umthwalo amandla kunye eli yegama elithi "ugesi" ulwimi lesiGrike eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "amandla".

Imbi, mercury ubushushu, ukulinganisa, a voltmeter, a hygrometer kwengqondo, i ammeter kunye dynamometer - konke oku izixhobo physical yokulinganisa, ekufuneka zibe kwi-ofisi yesikolo ngethuba iklasi ezinxulumene ne umlinganiselo amaxabiso athile. Kodwa musa ukulibala ukuba lwekhabhinethi izixhobo physics ayipheli phezu izixhobo yokulinganisa, ukongeza eklasini yakhe okanye abaphulaphuli kufuneka izinto ezikuvumela ukuba ukuyila ukuba isenzeko ukuba kulinganiswa. Kusenokuba abaqhubi, imibhijelo induction, lenses, iibhetri, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi.

Devices ezisingqongileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla

izixhobo Physical, njengoko kuchaziwe ngaphambili, zonke ngeenxa zonke kuthi kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Umzekelo woku iiyure ezifunekayo yokubala ixesha, kodwa zingaphelelanga. Le ndoda isoloko kakhulu lijongene iingcinga kweli khaya. Plain line, stopwatch wokubala - imizekelo emihle.

Bathi "intsapho" ezahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, umgca ivumela ukuba balinganise umgama. Noko ke, imilinganiselo olu hlobo ziyasetyenziswa, kunye nezinye izixhobo. Roulette, ukuvuleka (isixhobo), imbi, kunye nabanye abaninzi nako kuyimfuneko kwaye ngaphandle kwazo akakwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ethile. Sisebenzisa kwezixhobo imilinganiselo ngokwasemzimbeni ekhaya, ngomhla ikhefu okanye emsebenzini, singenza Ayinaxesha isaziso okanye abangazange baqhoboshele nayiphi ngokubaluleka koku, kodwa yinyaniso.

amanani ngokomzimba

Sinengcamango oluchanileyo ubuninzi emzimbeni kunokuba kuphela xa kuwo kulinganiswa. Imfuneko yokulinganisa, ukurekhoda nokuhlalutya wabonakala eziphathekayo abantu isekhona sikwinqanaba lokuqala lophuhliso, izifundo endalo kunye nezimo zayo. A inkqubela rhoqo wawufuna iindlela lomlinganiselo bazixakekisa ukufumana Ufundo yechaneke ngaphezulu.

Yintoni umlinganiselo wobungakanani emzimbeni? Kuya sithelekisa nokuchasanisa kunye nexabiso nkqubo, wasiwa nakwicandelo lokulinganisa eqhelekileyo. Inani eziphathekayo kakhulu ngeentlobo yaye abaninzi kubo babe imbali enkulu elide yendalo kunye nophuhliso ezenzululwazi iimpawu umgangatho esisigxina.

Iintlobo elula izixhobo eziphathekayo

izixhobo Physical eyenzelwe ukuba umlinganiselo nantoni na, zicwangciswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Zintsonkotha noyilo yayo yokucinga yezinto ezinjalo lisenokwahluka kakhulu ngamandla. Hi ndlela leyi, izixhobo eziphathekayo anokwenziwa kwaye buqu, ngezandla zakhe. Kwaye musa uwajongele ukubaluleka izixhobo ezilula, nezixhobo ezintsonkothileyo kufuneka isetyenziswe kuphela xa oko kuyimfuneko.

izixhobo ezininzi emzimbeni kufuneka isakhiwo elula kakhulu, lo mgaqo kunye indlela yomsebenzi. Ezi ntlobo ziquka yesiqhelo uluhlu, sezinyuko, izikali ngaphezulu. Ngamanye amazwi, ukuba into yakhiwe ngaphandle uncedo kwaye usebenzise njenge isixhobo sokubala eziphathekayo.

Isikali ngokwemilinganiso ngokwasemzimbeni kunye neentlobo zayo

Izixhobo zokulinganisa eziphathekayo, kufuneka isethi esikalini. Kukho nkqu inzululwazi leMitroloji. It ufunda iindlela kunye neendlela zemilinganiselo kwenza kube lula ukuba co-zikhona iintlobo ezahlukeneyo lwemilinganiselo usombulula iingxaki ezininzi kwesicwangciso yenzululwazi kunye nezenziwayo.

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi esikalini (baneempawu ezahlukeneyo ezenza unique):

1. Scale izinto, nto leyo nayo ngokuba isikali ukuba yokuhlela. amanani ayo ukudlala indima iilebhile kusetyenziselwa ukubhaqa iindidi zezinto.
2. isikali lokuphumla. It unayo yayo inani elithile kwiindawo zokubeka, kwaye ikuvumela ukuba umlinganiselo umahluko kwawo nawuphi nokuhlalisana izinto.
3. Isikali yokulinganisa order (isikhundla) ezifundisa ukulawula umlinganiselo phakathi izinto ngokweempawu zomzimba.
4. Isikali ukulinganisa ulwalamano - kuyafana phezu Iziphumo ngamathuba isikali, kodwa ixabiso ingongoma zero kunye obungapheliyo. Oku kukuvumela ukuba mangaphi amaxesha ixabiso lokuqala ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi kwe owesibini, usebenzisa ifomula: A1 A2 = k /.
5. isikali Absolute. It ikuvumela ukuba umlinganiselo amaxabiso epheleleyo.

Isikali Izixhobo neeplanethi yakhiwe kwaye zisekelwe phezu kwezi ntlobo lweenkqubo mqondiso. Kakade ke, abaninzi kubo basoloko imilinganiselo zabo imilinganiselo, oko kukuthi, icandelo isikali ngamnye abe ixabiso layo, okuboniswe njenge umthetho, kwi sixhobo okanye imiyalelo ukwenzela ukusetyenziswa kwayo.

Izixhobo: ebekelwe ukuba udidi physics

Njengoko kukhankanyiwe ngasentla, ukufunda physics kufuneka zombini izixhobo eziphathekayo entsonkothileyo kunye ezilula kunye nezixhobo, uluhlu enokufumaneka nkqu amaxwebhu asemthethweni emisiweyo.

Spectroscope, coil-resistor, a rheostat, impompo, iimagnethi, umlawuli, isikali, ikhampasi, lens, zimenza mkhulu iglasi, sibambi esijijwayo, a diffraction nothango lwaso lobhedu, umenzi woluvo conductivity, a hygrometer, a blower, lelanga, istopwotshi, yokulinganisa nesilinda, iindidi zamachiza - yinto uluhlu nje encinane kufanele kwaye unyanzelekile ukuba kwiklasi nganye, apho wayefunda physics. Ngaphezu koko, onke ngasentla wathi, kufuneka babe ubungakanani ngokwaneleyo ukubonelela ngezixhobo eziyimfuneko ukuze ukuvumela umfundi ngamnye.

Izixhobo umlinganiselo variables abonakalayo lesiphumo ibaluleke gqitha kuyo nayiphi yeklasi uphando elebhu, ekubeni ngaphandle kwabo apho kuya kubakho amava okusebenza ekufumaneni amaxabiso zemilinganiselo kunye nokwenzeka ukubala ngqo, kodwa yinxalenye yenkqubo yokufunda.

iintlobo kwesilinganiso

Kukho iindidi ezimbini ngokwemilinganiso ukuba zisekelwe kwimigaqo ezahlukeneyo yokuzimisela kwazo, kwaye ke kufuneka ukuba uyazi, nangona isixhobo inye kusetyenziswa iinguqulelo:

1. imilinganiselo ngqo, eli enala ekwisiggibo ngqo inani into ethile ngokulinganisa ukubaluleka kwayo ekwakuphila.
2. Ukongeza ngokomlinganiselo ngqo, kukho ngqo. Apha, ubungakanani kunye nexabiso layo libalwa ngokusekelwe ukuxhomekeka ubuninzi ngokunxulumene oko kuyimfuneko ukufumana, yaye apho elidityaniswe ngqo.

Ixabiso izixhobo eziphathekayo izigqibo

Ixabiso izixhobo emzimbeni ayikwazi phantsi. Zidlala indima enkulu nasiphi na isikhundla emzimbeni kwakunye kubomi bemihla ngemihla. Ngexesha izifundo, izixhobo ezifana kuvumela ixesha ukuze ziqhakrazise ekuqhubeni imisebenzi yeprekthikhali, amalinge, uya kuvumela umfundi ukuba kunika iinkcukacha ngendlela ukukhanya umdla ngakumbi kwaye zicacile. wachitha kakuhle, isifundo umdla kukuba, Kakade ke, ibe nemveliso ngaphezu abantu abaliqela abo abazange bakwazi umdla umfundi ngesihloko esithile. Ukuba sithethe malunga nokubaluleka izixhobo eziphathekayo kubomi bemihla ngemihla, ezi ntlobo zezinto ukuvumela umntu ukwenza ezahlukeneyo iimeko ukuze nokwandisa imo imo yawo kwindalo.