Panda - ukuba ibhere okanye raccoon? inkcazelo panda

Ngomhla elikhulu kunye nehlabathi panda encinane baba kuphela eyaziwa kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba kade, nangona ukuba kukho izilwanyana mandulo kwaye kunqabile. Ekubeni ukufunyanwa waqalisa ukufunda ezi zilwanyana umdla engaqhelekanga. Kodwa emva kweenkulungwane ezimbini zophando rhoqo ziyafana kakhulu ngala ezanyisayo nangoku igcina ingaziwa. Izazinzulu akakwazi ukuza kwisivumelwano malunga neklasi ezi zilwanyana. Le ngxaki mandundu ngakumbi ngenxa yokuba ezi ntlobo ababini umahluko phakathi kwabo. Ngoko ke, ngoku kungenzeka ukuba ukuva inani elikhulu iingxoxo malunga nesihloko: "? Panda - ukuba ibhere okanye raccoon"

Inkcazelo enkulu "bamboo bear"

Olu hlobo lwesilwanyana samkelwe ukuba udidi ezanyisayo, lo wona libutho ezidla, usapho coon kunye panda subfamily. Kodwa hayi kudala i ngumphandi Australian E. Tenniusom sele kuqhutywa inani uhlalutyo morphological, nezifo zentliziyo, ethological kunye nohlobo ezinto eziphilayo. Ngokutsho iziphumo ISAZINZULU bafumanisa ukuba iimpawu elinesithandathu ezintlanu panda omkhulu - a raccoon, yaye abalishumi ezisele yinqobo kuye yedwa.

Ukuba sicinga imbonakalo isilwanyana, panda isigebenga ngokungathandabuzekiyo ngakumbi linjengebhere, hayi ngaphandle isizathu ikwabizwa ngokuba "bamboo bear". It unomzimba omkhulu, apho wambu ngokupheleleyo uboya zamafu. ubude bayo kuyahluka 1.1 ukuya 1.9 m, kwaye ubunzima - ukusuka ngeekhilogram 75 ukuya 140. imilenze ashinyeneyo kunye ezityebileyo anesandi u-ngamathupha azo amakhulu wesilwanyana neenzipho emikhulu.

Ukuba ukhangela ngokusondeleyo entendeni, ungabona ukuba kuyo yaye ecaleni umnwe ngamnye pads ezikhethekileyo akhonza zine, ukuba ayigcine amadiza bamboo kakuhle, ibe buthelezi.

Ngokungafaniyo kuzala, esi silwanyana inomsila, apho ubude yi-13 cm, mbini esinye isakhiwo. panda Premolar ungabona nakummango kunye amaqhuma, ezingahambelani naziphi na ezinye iintlobo ze amabhere, kunye nentloko enkulu yayo kunye tupomordaya, ngeendlebe nkqo enkulu.

Inkcazelo Panda lolu hlobo uthi she has a umbala omhlophe kunye phawu kufutshane namabala amnyama iliso lakhe, imilenze abamnyama kunye nomsila umbala omnye. Kwaye nangona imbonakalo kufana nebhere, yaye, nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimpawu komzimba wayo kwanyanzeleka izazinzulu ukuba bathandabuze. Ngokutsho kwabo, panda - ummeli yentsapho raccoons, abanye bade baye njengendawo iklasi ezizodwa ezincancisayo.

Kubonakala ngathi imboniselo encinane yezi zilwanyana umdla?

Olu hlobo, ngokutsho izazinzulu, libhekisela raccoon, njengoko waba umsila Umbala enemizila, ezifana ekhaleni kunye nemilo ukakayi kunye nolwakhiwo kwamazinyo. Nangona discoverers awo oyikholelwayo ukuba panda ebomvu - mali ikati, nto leyo eye umbala lomlilo obomvu. Esi silwanyana kwakhona iye zenyathi ezimbini - Koloni Chinese.

Le esanyisayo encinane, ngokungafaniyo ezinkulu congeners zabo, unomzimba ubude sakhe ubuninzi 67 cm, nomsila-47 cm kunye ubunzima elingekho ngaphezu kwama-6 kg. Ngoko ke, ukuba impendulo yalo mbuzo: "Panda - ukuba nebhere okanye hayi", ngoko sinako ngokukhuselekileyo sithi aba kuthethwa izilwanyana ezincinane kunye ingubo umbala obomvu ubalisa ngakumbi raccoons, hayi weebhere.

ukwanda

Panda bahlala endaweni eneentaba entliziyweni China. Bona zithathwa ukuba kwikhaya kwimimandla Sichuan kunye Tibet. ukuphila kwabo yonke ichithwa emahlathini, apho ikhula ikakhulu uqalo, ukuba ibekwe endaweni ephakeme 1500-4600 iimitha ngaphezu komphakamo wolwandle. Kule ndawo, imozulu omhle wobulali abuthethe ngathi bonke amaxesha onyaka. Ukongeza, ezi zilwanyana abahlala kumaziko ezininzi mizi, apho kuqhubeka ukufunda nokuhlola. Ekuthinjweni ixesha lobomi babo engama-27, kwaye zasendle nokuba mfutshane.

Le panda ebomvu ohlala China, Nepal, Bhutan ne eMyanmar. Uhlala, kwakunye congener layo elikhulu, kwingingqi esezintabeni kwintaba ephakame yeemitha 4800. Oku, izilwanyana ezincinane ezincinane uhlale amahlathi Assam, kwakunye Sichuan kunye Yunnan amaphondo. Esi silwanyana uhlala ngakumbi 86 yogcino ehlabathini.

Nangona oku, ukuba iimbono ezinkulu nezincinane kwahluka kakhulu enye kwenye ngembonakalo, yaye izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba panda - ibhere, kwaye enye - a raccoon, kubakhokela ndlela yokuphila.

ukuziphatha

Ezi zilwanyana kaninzi ihlalwa omnye. Okungaphandle zingathathwa kuphela njengokuba ixesha lokukhwela kunye ngoxa bekhulisa amathole azo. abantu abaqolileyo abahlala kwintsimi, indawo omalunga ezintlanu square metres, nto leyo incinane kakhulu weebhere. Ukuze ubonise ebusweni babo, ukuba usebenzise ilayibhuli ivumba ethile.

Giant Panda, ngokwahlukileyo abancinane, esebenzayo ngalo naliphi na ixesha lemini okanye ebusuku. Auburn congener yayo kukhokelela zasebusuku nesasemini zokulala emithini, zijonge phezulu nangokuphumla intloko yakhe umsila yakhe enkulu enemigca.

ukudla

Jer ezininzi kwaye ashinyeneyo ngoqalo - ukuba ukutya ezinkulu kunye panda ezincinane. iintlobo ezingamashumi izityalo akhawunti malunga 99 ekhulwini ukutya kwabo. ukuba ukulungele ukuba adle zonke iintlobo namaqunube, iziqhamo, iimbewu kunye imbewu. Ngamanye amaxesha kusenokuba kukhokelela ukuzingela iintaka ezincinane, ezirhubuluzayo nezikrekrethi.

Xa ekuthinjweni, bondliwa yi-bamboo enye, kwakunye namaqebengwana kunye izinambuzane kwindawo. Panda - isilwanyana yenye ambalwa akwazi ukuba nidle isidlo kuso nasiphi na isikhundla umzimba wakhe, yaye elele phantsi.

buphindwe

Iisampulu lweentlobo ezimbini avuthwe zabo zesini ikufutshane kwiminyaka emihlanu, ze aqale ukuya kuzibandakanya kuphela ngentsimbi yesixhenxe. Iimazi ngexesha labo lokukhwela, leyo isusela ukusuka kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya ngeveki, yenza iingxolo elikhulu nabakuvuyelayo cell ngevumba ethile.

Emva koko kuza ukukhulelwa, okuhlala kwezi zilwanyana umlinganiselo iinyanga ezintlanu. Ngesiqhelo okanye ababini Lithole ze enobunzima ngaphantsi kwe 200 grams kunye ubude cm-14 ukuya ku-16, kuyafana ukuba weebhere brown. Nangona izazinzulu ziye asifikanga esiphelweni article malunga panda - nebhere okanye hayi, kodwa inkqubo yokuzala yezi zilwanyana zibini iyafana ngokwendalo.

mva

Xa kokuzalwa amathole azo, njengokuba zonke iintlobo amabhere, ungenamandla kwaye neemfama. Imazi kuphakamisa njana bakhe abaselula ubaphatha ngononophelo kwaye nangenyameko. Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa kwawo, akabi ushiye umngxuma umzuzu lokuba badle okanye usele. Umama ubeka amathole ayo esifubeni wakhe izihlandlo ezilishumi elinesihlanu ngosuku, kunye ukondla omnye abe ubude ilixa ngathi kangangesiqingatha.

Ngaba panda ngokuqhelekileyo ibonakala ekuzalweni ukuya amawele, kodwa imazi emva kwexesha elithile ukukhetha kuzo umntwana kakhulu elungileyo kwaye ziqhube abakhathalele ngayo, yaye okwesibini, ngokulandelelana, kufa ebumnandini. Ixesha lokwaphusa kwezi zilwanyana ithatha malunga nama-45 iiveki, kwaye uhlale ulusana kunye noonina bade bafikelele kwiminyaka emithathu.

anika umdla

Kubonakala ukuba nako, ukuqonda ixesha lokuqala ukuba izazinzulu ziye uphando phezu imboniselo enkulu yezi zilwanyana ixesha elide, panda - ngubani na lo, le nto isilo. Selilixesha elifutshane emva bafika kwisigqibo sokuba raccoon, kodwa ubukhulu.

Emva kwexesha elithile, ezinye iingcali ziye wawancamisa ekuhleni lo mbono, njengokuba ngu iimvavanyo genetic kwafunyaniswa ukuba lo zezinambuzane ngakumbi yokwenza weebhere.

Njengoko kuba panda ebomvu, izazinzulu ezininzi ziye abhalwe kuzo zonke engqondweni kunitsepodobnomu, nto leyo iquka entsapho martens, kwakunye raccoon kunye iqaqa.

Nangona, ngokutsho kubaphandi ezininzi, ezi zenyathi amabini kwaye basonta kwiiklasi ezahlukeneyo, kodwa nganye nayo iba ukufana ethile. Umzekelo, zombini abe yesithandathu panda "pseudo-umnwe", ibekwe kwi ngamathupha azo ngaphambili. Yena inkulu kakhulu kunabanye ezintlanu. Enyanisweni, le nxalenye somzimba ithambo kwisihlahla wambu ngesikhumba. Esi sakhiwo kunceda izilwanyana ukugcina ngcono izityalo ngoqalo.

zilondolozwe

Ngelishwa, panda zisemngciphekweni wokutshabalala, ngoko ke uluhlu iqanjwa i-International Red Book. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi. panda Redhead esaphilileyo kungekhona abantu beli umdla omkhulu, njengokuba kunjalo uboya. Ngenxa yoko, yaba rhoqo ekuzingeleni, ingakumbi Nepal. Kodwa kwiminyaka yakutshanje inani iintlobo baba ngcembe kuphila.

Panda nabo akhuselwe ngumthetho, ekuthe ngenxa yawo kwahlaziywa ekutshatyalalisweni isilwanyana uya kohlwaywa yi isohlwayo sokufa okanye isigwebo sobomi entolongweni.

Nangona eli rhamncwa kunye ambalwa eminyaka eyadlulayo, yavulwa, China uye waba ubutyebi yesizwe ngo-1912 (ngokomthetho of the Republic), kodwa izazinzulu andikwazi ukuza kwisigqibo article malunga panda - ibhere okanye raccoon. Ngoko ke, isifundo isilwanyana kuyaqhubeka unanamhla.